{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T02:00:57Z","timestamp":1793412057687,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n The association between social media use and youth mental health remains poorly understood, with recent systematic reviews reporting inconsistent and conflicting findings. These discrepancies reflect the overreliance on self-reported estimates of use, lack of passive monitoring of behavior, and limited measurement of momentary mental health states.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To examine the association between objective social media use, problematic engagement, and mental health outcomes in young adults, as well as evaluate the outcomes of a 1-week social media detox intervention on behavior and mental health symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n A remote cohort study conducted in the US using a national recruitment registry between March 2024 and March 2025, where participants completed a 2-week observational baseline, followed by an optional 1-week social media detox intervention. Participants were young adults (aged 18-24 years) with a smartphone and English fluency.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Exposures<\/jats:title>\n Social media use of Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, and X over a 2-week baseline period, followed by an optional 1-week detox intervention.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n The main outcomes were detox changes in symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index), and loneliness (University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale), as well as within-participant changes in behavior including screen use, communication, mobility, and momentary mental health states.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 417 enrolled participants, 373 (mean [SD] age, 21.0 [1.9] years) completed baseline assessments, with 295 (79.1%) opting into a detox intervention that reduced symptoms anxiety by 16.1% (\u22121.9 reduction; Cohen\n d<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22120.44; 95% CI, \u22120.56 to \u22120.32), depression by 24.8% (\u22122.0 reduction; Cohen\n d<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22120.37; 95% CI, \u22120.49 to \u22120.32) and insomnia by 14.5% (\u22122.1 reduction; Cohen\n d<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22120.44; 95% CI, \u22120.56 to \u22120.32). There was no significant change in loneliness (Cohen\n d<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22120.40; 95% CI, \u22120.17 to 0.06). Marginal increases were seen in home time (\u03b2, 42.8; 95% CI, 24.3 to 61.2 minutes) and screen duration (\u03b2, 15.4; 95% CI, 4.9 to 25.9 seconds), with considerable within-person variability. No other changes in behavioral or EMA-based features were observed after the detox.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this cohort of young adults, reducing social media use for 1 week was associated with reductions in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia; however, the durability of these therapeutic outcomes and their associations with behavior warrant further study, particularly in more diverse populations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.45245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T16:31:02Z","timestamp":1764001862000},"page":"e2545245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Social Media Detox and Youth Mental Health"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Elombe","family":"Calvert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maddalena","family":"Cipriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget","family":"Dwyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Lisowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Mikkelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Flathers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Hau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winna","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Dhima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Torous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"zoi251219r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13631","article-title":"Associations between social media, adolescent mental health, and diet: a systematic review.","volume":"24","author":"Blanchard","year":"2023","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"zoi251219r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-13409-0","article-title":"Social media use and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in young adults: a meta-analysis of 14 cross-sectional studies.","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"zoi251219r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/epidemiologia3010002","article-title":"Social media use and mental health: a global analysis.","author":"Ulvi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epidemiologia (Basel)"},{"key":"zoi251219r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19073952","article-title":"Is social media a new type of social support? 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