{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T08:28:36Z","timestamp":1788251316280,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Different degrees of growth delay have been reported in children with Alagille syndrome (ALGS), yet these patients are routinely evaluated using standard growth charts.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To develop condition-specific growth charts for ALGS using modern statistical approaches.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n This case series used data from the international, multicenter Global Alagille Alliance (GALA) study accrued between May 14, 2018, and March 20, 2023. Children born at full term between January 1, 1997, and August 31, 2019, with a clinically and\/or genetically confirmed ALGS diagnosis and their native liver were included. Data from children with a known history of prematurity were excluded for the development of the growth charts. Data were analyzed from March 25, 2023, to December 30, 2024.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Exposure<\/jats:title>\n Growth of children with Alagille syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n Generalized additive models for location scale and shape were fitted to generate percentile plots for weight and height relative to age and superimposed on US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts to illustrate differences in growth patterns compared with children with typical development.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Data from 1204 children with ALGS in overlapping cohorts (median [IQR] gestational age, 38 [37-39] weeks) were analyzed (1204 in the weight cohort; 695 boys [57.7%]; 9855 weight observations; 995 with neonatal cholestasis [82.6%]; 306 receiving a liver transplant [25.4%]; 98 deaths [8.1%] and 1106 in the height cohort, 635 boys [57.4%]; 8464 height observations; 906 with neonatal cholestasis [81.9%]; 287 receiving a liver transplant [25.9%]; 86 deaths [7.8%]) were included for the modeling of the weight-for-age and height-for-age charts, respectively. The median birth weight was 2.8 kg (IQR, 2.5-3.0 kg) for boys and 2.6 kg (IQR, 2.4-2.9 kg) for girls. The median birth length was 48.0 cm (IQR, 46.0-50.0 cm) for boys and 47.0 cm (IQR, 45.0-49.0 cm) for girls. The weight-for-age and height-for-age growth charts for boys and girls with AGLS differed significantly from CDC growth charts. The estimated height at age 18 years corresponded to the 50th percentile was 171.5 cm for boys and 156.5 cm for girls on the condition-specific charts vs 176 cm and 163 cm, respectively, on the CDC growth charts.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n These findings suggest that condition-specific growth charts for ALGS may provide a crucial tool for clinicians to evaluate growth and aid in decision-making around listing children for liver transplant.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.45294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T16:31:00Z","timestamp":1764001860000},"page":"e2545294","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Condition-Specific Growth Charts for Children With Alagille Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Koen","family":"Huysentruyt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kindergastro-enterologie, hepatologie en nutritie, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon M.","family":"Vandriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Roelants","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Piccoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Loomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth B.","family":"Rand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noelle H.","family":"Ebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Feinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Lucile Packard Children\u2019s Hospital, Palo Alto, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irena","family":"Jankowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition Disturbances and Pediatrics, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Czubkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition Disturbances and Pediatrics, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Gliwicz-Miedzi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition Disturbances and Pediatrics, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel M.","family":"Gonzales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Liver Diseases, French Network for Rare Liver Disease, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases, Bic\u00eatre Hospital, Assistance Publique\u2013H\u020fpitaux de Paris, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"},{"name":"Inserm U1193, Hepatinov, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Jacquemin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Liver Diseases, French Network for Rare Liver Disease, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases, Bic\u00eatre Hospital, Assistance Publique\u2013H\u020fpitaux de Paris, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"},{"name":"Inserm U1193, Hepatinov, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Bouligand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mol\u00e9culaire, Pharmacog\u00e9n\u00e9tique et Hormonologie, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bic\u00eatre, Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saul J.","family":"Karpen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children\u2019s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"},{"name":"Stravitz-Sanyal Institute for Liver Disease and Metabolic Health at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rene","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children\u2019s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry C.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Fischler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Astrid Lindgren Children\u2019s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Arnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Astrid Lindgren Children\u2019s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Ting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Pediatric Liver Diseases, Children\u2019s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-She","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Pediatric Liver Diseases, Children\u2019s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rima","family":"Fawaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Nastasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung Mo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seak Hee","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"D\u2019Antiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Transplantation, Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano\u2013Bicocca, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Nicastro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Transplantation, Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan T.","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Children\u2019s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Siew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stormon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chatmanee","family":"Lertudomphonwanit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winita","family":"Hardikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahana","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Narayana Health, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Squires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shikha S.","family":"Sundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics and the Digestive Health Institute, Children\u2019s Hospital of Colorado and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Larson-Nath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deirdre A.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit, Birmingham Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, NHS Trust, and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Hartley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit, Birmingham Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, NHS Trust, and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pinar","family":"Bulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Phoenix Children\u2019s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Kyle","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Primary Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Jaramillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Primary Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin J.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Starship Child Health, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen M.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Starship Child Health, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c9tienne M.","family":"Sokal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Service De Gastroent\u00e9rologie et H\u00e9patologie P\u00e9diatrique, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanguy","family":"Demaret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Service De Gastroent\u00e9rologie et H\u00e9patologie P\u00e9diatrique, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henkjan J.","family":"Verkade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver Studies, King\u2019s College London, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina E.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto General Hospital University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim J.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binita M.","family":"Kamath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Global Alagille Alliance (GALA) Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Debray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Liver Unit, National Reference Centre for Rare Pediatric Liver Diseases (Biliary Atresia and Genetic Cholestasis), French Network for Rare Liver Disease, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, University of Paris, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Lacaille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology-Nutrition and Hepatology Units, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, University of Paris, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jernej","family":"Brecelj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nehal M.","family":"El-Koofy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Elmonem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Way Seah","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Camila","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Lorena","family":"Cavalieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Hajinicolaou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen B.","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rady Children\u2019s Hospital San Diego, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology Department, Hospital da Crianca de Brasilia, Centro Universitario de Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Rock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Pediatric Liver Center, Division of Pediatric Specialties, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wikrom","family":"Karnsakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School 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Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pier","family":"Luigi Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citta\u2019 della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Beretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, University of the Witwatersand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9anne N.","family":"Zizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, Division of Paediatric Gastroentereology and Hepatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cigdem","family":"Arikan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Organ Transplant, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mureo","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organ Transplantation Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanda","family":"Kerkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston"},{"name":"University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal A.","family":"Aqul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children\u2019s Health, 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