{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T16:05:28Z","timestamp":1764691528313,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are associated with longer hospital stays and increased mortality risks. The Replacement at Standard vs Prolonged Interval (RSVP) trial found that central venous access devices and peripheral arterial catheter infusion set replacement intervals can be extended from 4 to 7 days without increasing infection risk by more than 2%. However, the trial did not consider the full cost and health trade-offs of extending replacement intervals.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To estimate the changes in total cost and health benefits associated with a decision to adopt 7-day vs standard 4-day replacement intervals via decision-analytic modeling.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n In this economic evaluation, a decision tree model was developed on August 26, 2025, from a health care perspective incorporating data from patients in the RSVP randomized clinical trial conducted from 2011 to 2016 across 10 Australian hospitals. Data were analyzed from December 12, 2016, to April 23, 2019.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n A probabilistic sensitivity analysis generated a joint distribution of the expected change to cost and effectiveness outcomes. Parameter uncertainty was assessed, a cost effectiveness acceptability curve was plotted, and a value of information analysis was done.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Of 2941 patients from the RSVP trial (median age, 59.0 years; range, 47-68 years), 62.9% were male. Of patients, 62.6% were admitted to intensive care, and common specialties were medical, hematology, and emergency surgical. A CRBSI risk of 1.78% in the 7-day group and 1.46% in the standard 4-day group was reported. The 7-day strategy was associated with annual savings of approximately 52 million Australian dollars (A$) (95% uncertainty interval [UI], \u2212A$42\u202f841\u202f427 to A$181\u202f823\u202f300) from fewer set changes, offset by A$3.1 million (95% UI, \u2212A$6\u202f974\u202f903 to A$14\u202f099\u202f754) in additional costs for treating CRBSI. The expected health outcomes were 395 (95% UI, \u2212945 to 1739) additional infections, 103 (95% UI, \u2212246 to 452) excess deaths, and 1724 (95% UI, \u22124199 to 7925) life-years lost at the population level. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of A$28\u202f033, the probability that the 7-day strategy is cost-effective was 50.3%, and the probability that it is cost-saving was 82.67%.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this economic evaluation of the RSVP trial, a small increase in CRBSI risk was associated with large cost-savings and substantial health losses at the population level. While the RSVP trial assumed that a 2% equivalence margin was acceptable, the use of such arbitrary difference margins might not consider information that could change decision-making outcomes. The clinical and economic impacts of small increases to infections appear to be important for decision-making inference.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.46398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T16:00:34Z","timestamp":1764691234000},"page":"e2546398","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Seven-Day vs Four-Day Infusion Set Replacement Interval and Catheter-Related Infections"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Shalini","family":"Elangovan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme in Health Services Research and Population Health, Duke\u2013NUS Medical School, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiying","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme in Health Services Research and Population Health, Duke\u2013NUS Medical School, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brett G.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Health, Avondale University, Cooranbong, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute. 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