{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T21:49:41Z","timestamp":1782856181980,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Pediatric obesity rates are rising, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may contribute by promoting stress-induced weight gain. Few studies have examined the association of ACEs with body mass index (BMI) and youth-reported protective factors, particularly among Latinx and Hispanic youths, who face higher rates of ACEs and obesity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the association of ACEs with BMI in a population-based cohort and determine whether youth-reported protective factors (eg, self-coping skills, caregiver or friend support, or overall support) moderate this association, with a focus on Latinx and Hispanic youths.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n This large, cross-sectional study of youths aged 11 to 12 years was conducted using year 2 data (July 2018 to March 2020) of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a prospective, 10-year longitudinal, 21-site dataset comprised of a population-cohort of US youths. Data were analyzed between August 2024 and March 2025.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Exposures<\/jats:title>\n Cumulative ACEs (12 categories) and youth-reported protective factors (4 categories).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome and Measures<\/jats:title>\n The primary outcome was the ability of self-reported protective factors to moderate the hypothesized association of ACEs with BMI in Latinx and Hispanic youths. Linear mixed-effects models explored associations of ACEs, protective factors, and ethnicity (ie, Latinx and Hispanic or non-Hispanic) with BMI, while controlling for confounders (eg, sex, age, puberty, and socioeconomic status).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n There were 5435 youths with available data at ages 11 to 12 years (1141 Latinx and Hispanic [21.0%]; 2636 female [48.5%]; mean [SD] age, 143.1 [7.6] months). Compared with non-Hispanic youths, Latinx and Hispanic youths had greater BMI (mean [SD], 22.1 [5.0] vs 20.3 [4.6];\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001) and more ACEs (mean [SD], 2.1 [1.7] vs 1.7 [1.7];\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001). Across all youths, ACEs were significantly associated with BMI, with a 0.431 BMI increase for every 1.7-point increase (1 SD) in ACE score. In Latinx and Hispanic youths only, self-coping (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.74; 95% CI, \u22121.03 to \u22120.46;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001), caregiver support (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.38; 95% CI, \u22120.66 to \u22120.11;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.006), and overall protective score (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.55; 95% CI, \u22120.61 to \u22120.06;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001) moderated the association of ACEs with BMI.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n These findings highlight the clinical importance of early ACE screening to identify at-risk youths for targeted, trauma-informed weight management interventions, and gather support for the cultivation of resiliency-focused skills like self-coping and caregiver support. Pediatric obesity is a pressing public health issue, and these strategies hold potential to alter weight trajectories, which may improve health outcomes and reduce health disparities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.47104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T16:31:00Z","timestamp":1764865860000},"page":"e2547104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Adverse Experiences, Protective Factors, and Obesity in Latinx and Hispanic Youths"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Victoria","family":"Goldman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children\u2019s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sevan","family":"Esaian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, 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