{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T23:31:59Z","timestamp":1791502319676,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":177,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Interpersonal violence perpetrated against transgender and gender-diverse people is prevalent across many settings and may contribute to substantial health disparities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To estimate the prevalence of overall, physical, sexual, and psychological violence against transgender and gender-diverse adults globally.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n Studies were identified through PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, LILACS, PsycINFO, gray literature, and conference abstracts. Secondary searches of article references and relevant systematic reviews for articles published between January 1, 2010, and January 2, 2023, without language or geographical restrictions were performed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Selection<\/jats:title>\n Articles presenting quantitative data on interpersonal violence prevalence against transgender and gender-diverse adults using any study design and from any geographic region were included. Review articles, editorials, commentaries, studies that included minors and did not disaggregate data by age, studies that did not disaggregate data by gender identity, and studies with fewer than 10 participants were excluded. Full texts of potentially eligible articles were independently assessed for inclusion by 2 independent reviewers, with differences resolved through consensus.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Extraction and Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n \n This study followed the\n PRISMA<\/jats:ext-link>\n 2020 and\n MOOSE<\/jats:ext-link>\n reporting guidelines. Prevalence data were extracted independently in duplicate and pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n \n The lifetime and recent pooled prevalences of physical, sexual, and overall physical or sexual interpersonal violence against transgender and gender-diverse populations globally, as formulated prior to data collection, were estimated. Heterogeneity was assessed using\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n values and examination of 95% prediction intervals. For analyses composed of single studies, the unadjusted crude prevalence and 95% CI were presented.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 94 studies published in 137 of the 29\u202f987 identified articles (65\n \u2009<\/jats:sup>\n 608 participants) were included in this review. Estimates from 98 articles were pooled in meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of physical or sexual violence was 64.23% (9 studies; 95% CI, 47.38%-78.17%) for lifetime and 59.81% (2 studies; 95% CI, 11.73%-94.34%) for recent. The pooled prevalence of lifetime physical violence was 35.89% (45 studies; 95% CI, 28.97%-43.46%), and that of sexual violence was 32.70% (40 studies; 95% CI, 25.20%-41.20%).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this systematic review and meta-analysis of interpersonal violence experienced globally by transgender and gender-diverse adults, a high prevalence was found, which should be addressed through evidence-based prevention and response strategies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.52953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T16:00:19Z","timestamp":1769011219000},"page":"e2552953","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Global Burden of Violence Against Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adults"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Cortney","family":"McLellan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping Teresa","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin E.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maclaine","family":"Barr\u00e9-Quick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashleigh J.","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tonia","family":"Poteat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin E.","family":"Cooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"zoi251410r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2022.2100644","article-title":"Standards of care for the health of transgender and gender diverse people, version 8.","volume":"23","author":"Coleman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Transgend Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi251410r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.305774","article-title":"Intimate partner violence in transgender populations: systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and correlates.","volume":"110","author":"Peitzmeier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0299373","article-title":"Health status of transgender people globally: a systematic review of research on disease burden and correlates.","volume":"19","author":"Scheim","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838018757749","article-title":"Gender-based violence against transgender people in the United States: a call for research and programming.","volume":"21","author":"Wirtz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2009.01.006","article-title":"Violence against transgender people: a review of United States data.","volume":"14","author":"Stotzer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aggress Violent Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029597","article-title":"A conceptual framework for clinical work with transgender and gender nonconforming clients: an adaptation of the minority stress model.","volume":"43","author":"Hendricks","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prof Psychol Res Pr"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.2307\/2137286","article-title":"Minority stress and mental health in gay men.","volume":"36","author":"Meyer","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Health Soc Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1891\/JDNP-2023-0018","article-title":"Barriers to healthcare for transgender individuals.","volume":"17","author":"Nelson","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Dr Nurs Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2019.0223","article-title":"Sexual minority stress theory: remembering and honoring the work of Virginia Brooks.","volume":"7","author":"Rich","year":"2020","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1177\/27551938231187863","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to accessing sexual and reproductive health services among transgender people: a meta-synthesis.","volume":"54","author":"Saadat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Soc Determinants Health Health Serv"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2019.0039","article-title":"Intersectionality research for transgender health justice: a theory-driven conceptual framework for structural analysis of transgender health inequities.","volume":"4","author":"Wesp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transgend Health"},{"issue":"14","key":"zoi251410r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3756","DOI":"10.1177\/10778012241289425","article-title":"Characterizing the prevalence and perpetrators of documented fatal violence against Black transgender women in the United States (2013-2021).","volume":"31","author":"Halliwell","year":"2025","journal-title":"Violence Against Women"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi251410r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.303878","article-title":"Homicide rates of transgender individuals in the United States: 2010-2014.","volume":"107","author":"Dinno","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"zoi251410r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116498","article-title":"Power and control, resistance and survival: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of the qualitative literature on intimate partner violence against transgender individuals.","volume":"342","author":"Marrow","year":"2024","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"zoi251410r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549241291711","article-title":"Data improvement: a strategy to improve understanding of violence against transgender populations.","author":"Fletcher","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"issue":"71","key":"zoi251410r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews.","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"15","key":"zoi251410r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008","article-title":"Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting.","volume":"283","author":"Stroup","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000054","article-title":"Methodological guidance for systematic reviews of observational epidemiological studies reporting prevalence and cumulative incidence data.","volume":"13","author":"Munn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Evid Based Healthc"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1316","article-title":"A comparison of heterogeneity variance estimators in simulated random-effects meta-analyses.","volume":"10","author":"Langan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1164","article-title":"Methods to estimate the between-study variance and its uncertainty in meta-analysis.","volume":"7","author":"Veroniki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imr.2023.101014","article-title":"How to understand and report heterogeneity in a meta-analysis: The difference between I-squared and prediction intervals.","volume":"12","author":"Borenstein","year":"2023","journal-title":"Integr Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-1118-1","article-title":"The psychological subtype of intimate partner violence and its effect on mental health: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"8","author":"Dokkedahl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2014.04.001","article-title":"Psychological aggression in lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals\u2019 intimate relationships: a review of prevalence, correlates, and measurement issues.","volume":"19","author":"Mason","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aggress Violent Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1177\/019251396017003001","article-title":"The revised conflict tactics scales (CTS2): development and preliminary psychometric data.","volume":"17","author":"Straus","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Fam Issues"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi251410r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.03.003","article-title":"In meta-analyses of proportion studies, funnel plots were found to be an inaccurate method of assessing publication bias.","volume":"67","author":"Hunter","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.12.011","article-title":"Prediction interval in random-effects meta-analysis.","volume":"157","author":"Spineli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmental-2019-300117","article-title":"How to perform a meta-analysis with R: a practical tutorial.","volume":"22","author":"Balduzzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evid Based Ment Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi251410r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2628","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-017-1728-3","article-title":"Examining the effects of transphobic discrimination and race on HIV risk among transwomen in San Francisco.","volume":"21","author":"Arayasirikul","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247812","article-title":"Experiences of violence and mental health outcomes among Asian American transgender adults in the United States.","volume":"16","author":"Becerra","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"zoi251410r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.006","article-title":"Differences in alcohol use and alcohol-related problems between transgender- and nontransgender-identified young adults.","volume":"154","author":"Coulter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2018.0063","article-title":"Transcendendo: a cohort study of HIV-infected and uninfected transgender women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.","volume":"4","author":"Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transgend Health"},{"key":"zoi251410r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnab067","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence of intimate partner violence and health-related outcomes among transgender adults aged 50 and older.","author":"Hillman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2021.0088","article-title":"Creating a minority stress index to examine mental health impacts of discrimination among transgender and gender nonbinary adults.","volume":"9","author":"Kachen","year":"2022","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"zoi251410r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25972","article-title":"HIV testing among transgender and nonbinary persons in Michigan, United States: results of a community-based survey.","volume":"25","author":"Lacombe-Duncan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1093\/hsw\/hlab027","article-title":"Having to \u201chold it\u201d: factors that influence the avoidance of using public bathrooms among transgender people.","volume":"46","author":"Lerner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Soc Work"},{"key":"zoi251410r40","article-title":"More than an apple a day: factors associated with avoidance of doctor visits among transgender, gender nonconforming, and nonbinary people in the USA.","author":"Lerner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sex Res Soc Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2018.1465060","article-title":"Transgender college students: Academic resilience and striving to cope in the face of marginalized health.","volume":"67","author":"Messman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1037\/cou0000143","article-title":"Discriminatory experiences associated with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among transgender adults.","volume":"63","author":"Reisner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Couns Psychol"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi251410r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415602418","article-title":"Syndemics and gender affirmation: HIV sexual risk in female-to-male trans masculine adults reporting sexual contact with cisgender males.","volume":"27","author":"Reisner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2019.11.002","article-title":"Patterns of healthcare discrimination among transgender help-seekers.","volume":"58","author":"Romanelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1093\/hsw\/hlaa030","article-title":"Trans men\u2019s access to knowledgeable providers and their experiences in health care settings: differences by demographics, mental health, and degree of being \u201cout\u201d to providers.","volume":"45","author":"Seelman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Soc Work"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1093\/hsw\/hlv025","article-title":"Factors associated with health care discrimination experiences among a national sample of female-to-male transgender individuals.","volume":"40","author":"Shires","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Soc Work"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1037\/cou0000184","article-title":"Victimization and depressive symptomology in transgender adults: The mediating role of avoidant coping.","volume":"64","author":"White Hughto","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Couns Psychol"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"zoi251410r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP6040","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260518812071","article-title":"Experiences of intimate partner violence among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender college students: the intersection of gender, race, and sexual orientation.","volume":"36","author":"Whitfield","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"zoi251410r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.107802","article-title":"Social marginalization, gender-based violence, and binge drinking among transgender women in Cambodia.","volume":"207","author":"Yi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"zoi251410r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-018-0206-2","article-title":"Exposure to gender-based violence and depressive symptoms among transgender women in Cambodia: findings from the National Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey 2016.","volume":"12","author":"Yi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03084-7","article-title":"Factors associated with suicide attempts among Australian transgender adults.","volume":"21","author":"Zwickl","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi251410r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/sgd0000500","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress in the trans community: the roles of anti-transgender bias, non-affirmation, and internalized transphobia.","author":"Barr","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychol Sex Orientat Gend Divers"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"zoi251410r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4589","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605221119722","article-title":"Naming and recognition of intimate partner violence and family of origin violence among LGBTQ communities in Australia.","volume":"38","author":"Bourne","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-018-2044-8","article-title":"Health-related quality of life assessment among people living with HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"28","author":"Castro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi251410r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1111\/sltb.12913","article-title":"Moderating role of coping in the association between minority stress and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among sexual and gender minority young adults.","volume":"52","author":"de Lange","year":"2022","journal-title":"Suicide Life Threat Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1177\/1078345818764110","article-title":"Correctional policy and attempted suicide among transgender individuals.","volume":"24","author":"Drakeford","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Correct Health Care"},{"key":"zoi251410r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534765610395621","article-title":"Interpersonal trauma and discriminatory events as predictors of suicidal and nonsuicidal self-injury in gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender persons.","author":"House","year":"2011","journal-title":"Traumatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi251410r58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-049405","article-title":"Discrimination as a predictor of poor mental health among LGBTQ+ people during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional analysis of the online Queerantine study.","volume":"11","author":"Kneale","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"zoi251410r59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260514556767","article-title":"Experiences of intimate partner violence and subsequent police reporting among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer adults in Colorado: comparing rates of cisgender and transgender victimization.","author":"Langenderfer-Magruder","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi251410r60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2377-x","article-title":"Syndemic experiences, protective factors, and HIV vulnerabilities among lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons in Jamaica.","volume":"23","author":"Logie","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"zoi251410r61","article-title":"Risk and protective factors for mental health morbidity in a community sample of female-to-male trans-masculine adults.","author":"McDowell","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi251410r62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/sgd0000126","article-title":"Transgender community involvement and the psychological impact of abuse among transgender women.","author":"Nuttbrock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol Sex Orientat Gend Divers"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi251410r63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2100-y","article-title":"Syndemic conditions, HIV transmission risk behavior, and transactional sex among transgender women.","volume":"22","author":"Parsons","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1002\/wmh3.403","article-title":"Elevated rates of violence victimization and suicide attempt among transgender and gender diverse patients in an urban, safety net health system.","volume":"13","author":"Progovac","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Med Health Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/00918369.2017.1311555","article-title":"Health care needs and care utilization among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations in New Jersey.","volume":"65","author":"Qureshi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Homosex"},{"key":"zoi251410r66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13178-020-00473-7","article-title":"Black transgender women and the school-to-prison pipeline: exploring the relationship between anti-trans experiences in school and adverse criminal-legal system outcomes.","author":"Rosentel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Res Soc Policy"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi251410r67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1080\/00918369.2016.1157998","article-title":"Transgender adults\u2019 access to college bathrooms and housing and the relationship to suicidality.","volume":"63","author":"Seelman","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Homosex"},{"issue":"S1","key":"zoi251410r68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002808","article-title":"Uptake, retention, and adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in TRIUMPH: a peer-led PrEP demonstration project for transgender communities in Oakland and Sacramento, California.","volume":"88","author":"Sevelius","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"zoi251410r69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1177\/10778012211013892","article-title":"Transgender and gender diverse community connection, help-seeking, and mental health among Black transgender women who have survived violence: a mixed-methods analysis.","volume":"28","author":"Sherman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Violence Against Women"},{"key":"zoi251410r70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.01.059","article-title":"The buffer of resilience in the relations of gender-related discrimination, rejection, and victimization with depression among Chinese transgender and gender non-conforming individuals.","volume":"283","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-022-01632-5","article-title":"A global cautionary tale: discrimination and violence against trans women worsen despite investments in public resources and improvements in health insurance access and utilization of health care.","volume":"21","author":"Arayasirikul","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi251410r72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-017-1766-x","article-title":"High frequency of illegal drug use influences condom use among female transgender sex workers in Argentina: impact on HIV and syphilis infections.","volume":"21","author":"Avila","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"zoi251410r73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2016.08.003","article-title":"Physical victimization, gender identity and suicide risk among transgender men and women.","volume":"4","author":"Barboza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"zoi251410r74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-663","article-title":"Perceived discrimination and depression among low-income Latina male-to-female transgender women.","volume":"12","author":"Bazargan","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22280","article-title":"Military sexual assault in transgender veterans: results from a nationwide survey.","volume":"31","author":"Beckman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301241","article-title":"Stigma, mental health, and resilience in an online sample of the US transgender population.","volume":"103","author":"Bockting","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"zoi251410r77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605221124253","article-title":"Sexual and gender minority victimization: base rates of assault in college students across sexual and gender identities.","author":"Borgogna","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"zoi251410r78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2014.890558","article-title":"Gender-related victimization, perceived social support, and predictors of depression among transgender Australians.","author":"Boza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Transgend"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi251410r79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.300796","article-title":"Experiences of transgender-related discrimination and implications for health: results from the Virginia Transgender Health Initiative Study.","volume":"103","author":"Bradford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2020.0178","article-title":"The health and well-being of transgender Australians: a national community survey.","volume":"8","author":"Bretherton","year":"2021","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi251410r81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186457","article-title":"Transgender female sex workers\u2019 HIV knowledge, experienced stigma, and condom use in the Dominican Republic.","volume":"12","author":"Budhwani","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2017.0032","article-title":"Transgender women\u2019s drug use in the Dominican Republic.","volume":"2","author":"Budhwani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transgend Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-019-00355-3","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and depression among Black transgender women in the USA: the potential suppressive effect of perceived social support.","volume":"96","author":"Bukowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Urban Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2015.1091024","article-title":"Syndemics of depression, alcohol use, and victimisation, and their association with HIV-related sexual risk among men who have sex with men and transgender women in India.","volume":"12","author":"Chakrapani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2019.0076","article-title":"Factors influencing willingness to use human immunodeficiency virus preexposure prophylaxis among transgender women in India.","volume":"6","author":"Chakrapani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transgend Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi251410r86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2373-1","article-title":"Syndemic classes, stigma, and sexual risk among transgender women in India.","volume":"23","author":"Chakrapani","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"zoi251410r87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.002","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of mental health, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among transgender women in Jiangsu province, China.","volume":"277","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi251410r88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0267795","article-title":"Factors associated with symptoms of major depression disorder among transgender women in Northeast Brazil.","volume":"17","author":"Almeida","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"zoi251410r89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.12.016","article-title":"Syndemics among individuals enrolled in the PrEP Brasil Study.","volume":"185","author":"De Boni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"zoi251410r90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/fare.12637","article-title":"Transgender parenthood, participation in children\u2019s lives, and association with discrimination experiences: an exploratory study.","author":"de Brito Silva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fam Relat"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2020.1761923","article-title":"Mental health and challenges of transgender women: A qualitative study in Brazil and India.","volume":"21","author":"Gomes de Jesus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Transgend Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796016000810","article-title":"Prevalence, demographic variation and psychological correlates of exposure to police victimisation in four US cities.","volume":"26","author":"DeVylder","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci"},{"key":"zoi251410r93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19419899.2019.1690032","article-title":"Associations of physical and sexual violence victimisation, homelessness, and perceptions of safety with suicidality in a community sample of transgender individuals.","author":"Drescher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol Sex"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"zoi251410r94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/ajcp.12068","article-title":"College campus community readiness to address intimate partner violence among LGBTQ+ young adults: a conceptual and empirical examination.","volume":"58","author":"Edwards","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Community Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi251410r95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2019.1583664","article-title":"Prevalence and sociodemographic factors associated with stalking victimization among college students.","volume":"68","author":"Fedina","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Health"},{"issue":"19","key":"zoi251410r96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2885","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260516657911","article-title":"Sexual violence history and welfare in transgender people.","volume":"32","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Rouco","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnt021","article-title":"Physical and mental health of transgender older adults: an at-risk and underserved population.","volume":"54","author":"Fredriksen-Goldsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"23-24","key":"zoi251410r98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5704","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260517723743","article-title":"The intersection of gender identity and violence: victimization experienced by transgender college students.","volume":"35","author":"Griner","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi251410r99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2019.1608253","article-title":"Alcohol use, high risk behaviors, and experiences of discrimination among transgender women in the Dominican Republic.","volume":"54","author":"Hearld","year":"2019","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"zoi251410r100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3374","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260518775148","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and mental health among transgender\/gender nonconforming adults.","volume":"36","author":"Henry","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"zoi251410r101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vio.2016.0008","article-title":"Sexual assault and relationship abuse victimization of transgender undergraduate students in a national sample.","author":"Hoxmeier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Violence Gend"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07868-4","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of substance use and associations with HIV-related outcomes among trans women in the San Francisco Bay Area.","volume":"22","author":"Hsiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"23-24","key":"zoi251410r103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP23075","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605211073102","article-title":"Victimization within and beyond the prison walls: a latent profile analysis of transgender and gender diverse adults.","volume":"37","author":"Hughto","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"zoi251410r104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108674","article-title":"Opioid pain medication misuse, concomitant substance misuse, and the unmet behavioral health treatment needs of transgender and gender diverse adults.","volume":"222","author":"Hughto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2021.0559","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of violence experienced by trans women.","volume":"31","author":"Jackson","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20787","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.19.3.20787","article-title":"HIV prevalence and demographic determinants of condomless receptive anal intercourse among trans feminine individuals in Beirut, Lebanon.","volume":"19","author":"Kaplan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"23-24","key":"zoi251410r107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP13054","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260520905091","article-title":"Transgender and nonbinary experiences of victimization in health care.","volume":"36","author":"Kattari","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264315590228","article-title":"Differences across age groups in transgender and gender non-conforming people\u2019s experiences of health care discrimination, harassment, and victimization.","volume":"28","author":"Kattari","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Aging Health"},{"issue":"23-24","key":"zoi251410r109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP23281","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605221078805","article-title":"Differential experiences of sexual, physical, and emotional intimate partner violence among transgender and gender diverse adults.","volume":"37","author":"Kattari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2020.03.027","article-title":"Use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes\/vaping among transgender people: results from the 2015 U.S. transgender survey.","volume":"59","author":"Kcomt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"zoi251410r111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.04.008","article-title":"Substance use and treatment of substance use disorders in a community sample of transgender adults.","volume":"152","author":"Keuroghlian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi251410r112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2022.2086709","article-title":"Structural vulnerability as a conceptual framework for transgender health research: findings from a community needs assessment of transgender women of colour in Detroit.","volume":"25","author":"King","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cult Health Sex"},{"issue":"19-20","key":"zoi251410r113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP10477","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260519876024","article-title":"Exploring multiple forms of intimate partner violence in a gender and racially\/ethnically diverse sample of transgender adults.","volume":"36","author":"King","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"zoi251410r114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2633","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260518760015","article-title":"Transphobia-based violence, depression, and anxiety in transgender women: the role of body satisfaction.","volume":"36","author":"Klemmer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22880","article-title":"Gender minority stress, sleep disturbance, and sexual victimization in transgender and gender nonconforming adults.","volume":"76","author":"Kolp","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549221123583","article-title":"Stigma, discrimination, and mental health outcomes among transgender women with diagnosed HIV infection in the United States, 2015-2018.","volume":"138","author":"Kota","year":"2023","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-8177-z","article-title":"Psychosocial mediators of perceived stigma and suicidal ideation among transgender women.","volume":"20","author":"Kota","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2016.0186","article-title":"Physical and\/or sexual abuse is associated with increased psychological and emotional distress among transgender women.","volume":"4","author":"Kussin-Shoptaw","year":"2017","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1891\/0886-6708.VV-D-14-00082","article-title":"Sexual victimization and subsequent police reporting by Gender identity among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer adults.","volume":"31","author":"Langenderfer-Magruder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Violence Vict"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"zoi251410r120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260517696871","article-title":"Stalking victimization in LGBTQ adults: a brief report.","volume":"35","author":"Langenderfer-Magruder","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi251410r121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2022.220186R1","article-title":"Associations between healthcare experiences, mental health outcomes, and substance use among transgender adults.","volume":"35","author":"Levine","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2017.05.003","article-title":"Syndemic factors mediate the relationship between sexual stigma and depression among sexual minority women and gender minorities.","volume":"27","author":"Logie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Womens Health Issues"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2020.0171","article-title":"Association of discrimination, violence, and resilience with depressive symptoms among transgender women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a cross-sectional analysis.","volume":"7","author":"Luz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transgend Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194306","article-title":"Gender-based discrimination and unprotected receptive anal intercourse among transgender women in Brazil: A mixed methods study.","volume":"13","author":"Magno","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"19-20","key":"zoi251410r125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP18810","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605211039250","article-title":"Transgender polyvictimization in the U.S. transgender survey.","volume":"37","author":"Messinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi251410r126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1080\/00918369.2021.1901506","article-title":"Intimate partner violence help-seeking in the U.S. Transgender Survey.","volume":"69","author":"Messinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Homosex"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2019.1596862","article-title":"Sex work, social support, and stigma: Experiences of transgender women in the Dominican Republic.","volume":"20","author":"Milner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Transgend"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi251410r128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-019-02728-w","article-title":"Intimate partner violence against transgender women: prevalence and correlates in Lima, Peru (2016\u20132018).","volume":"24","author":"Murphy","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"zoi251410r129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1080\/07399332.2021.1920944","article-title":"Discrimination, violence, and suicide in transgender women in Iran.","volume":"43","author":"Nematollahi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Care Women Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi251410r130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2010.197285","article-title":"Social support, exposure to violence and transphobia, and correlates of depression among male-to-female transgender women with a history of sex work.","volume":"101","author":"Nemoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi251410r131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301545","article-title":"Gender abuse and major depression among transgender women: a prospective study of vulnerability and resilience.","volume":"104","author":"Nuttbrock","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1080\/00224490903062258","article-title":"Psychiatric impact of gender-related abuse across the life course of male-to-female transgender persons.","volume":"47","author":"Nuttbrock","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Sex Res"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"zoi251410r133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6017","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605221127217","article-title":"Patterns of violence victimization and disclosure among transgender\/gender nonconforming and cisgender Latinx college students.","volume":"38","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi251410r134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2703","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-020-01682-2","article-title":"Sexual partnership-level correlates of intimate partner violence among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Lima, Peru.","volume":"49","author":"Passaro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000635","article-title":"Minority stressors and their associations with severe psychological distress among gender-diverse people.","volume":"92","author":"Pease","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Orthopsychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi251410r136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260519827660","article-title":"Development of a novel tool to assess intimate partner violence against transgender individuals.","volume":"34","author":"Peitzmeier","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"zoi251410r137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114495","article-title":"The transgender-specific intimate partner violence scale for research and practice: Validation in a sample of transgender women.","volume":"291","author":"Peitzmeier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"15-16","key":"zoi251410r138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP14397","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605211005152","article-title":"Interpersonal violence and passing: results from a Brazilian trans-specific cross-sectional study.","volume":"37","author":"Peixoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi251410r139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259074","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with suicidal behavior among trans women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.","volume":"16","author":"Rafael","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"zoi251410r140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vio.2017.0042","article-title":"Physical and\/or sexual abuse are associated with negative health outcomes among transgender women of color living with HIV.","author":"Reback","year":"2017","journal-title":"Violence Gend"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03557-9","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of mental health and suicidality among trans women in S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil.","volume":"21","author":"Reis","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1037\/vio0000031","article-title":"Intimate partner violence victimization in LGBT young adults: demographic differences and associations with health behaviors.","volume":"7","author":"Reuter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol Violence"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/00918369.2016.1174026","article-title":"Experiences of violence among transgender women in Puerto Rico: an underestimated problem.","volume":"64","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Madera","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Homosex"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2013.0048","article-title":"Predictors of suicidal ideation in a statewide sample of transgender individuals.","volume":"2","author":"Rood","year":"2015","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi251410r145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462416686722","article-title":"Contextual, experiential, and behavioral risk factors associated with HIV status: a descriptive analysis of transgender women residing in Atlanta, Georgia.","volume":"28","author":"Salazar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"zoi251410r146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/josi.12232","article-title":"Minority stress, resilience, and mental health: a study of Italian transgender people.","author":"Scandurra","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Soc Issues"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/jcop.22126","article-title":"Psychometric validation of the identity abuse scale among LGBTQ individuals.","volume":"47","author":"Scheer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Community Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1080\/00981389.2021.1909201","article-title":"Predictors of healthcare mistreatment among transgender and gender diverse individuals: Are there different patterns by patient race and ethnicity?","volume":"60","author":"Seelman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc Work Health Care"},{"key":"zoi251410r149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2018.30.96.12818","article-title":"Challenges faced by marginalized communities such as transgenders in Pakistan.","volume":"30","author":"Shah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi251410r150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-03108-5","article-title":"Impact of minority stress and poor mental health on sexual risk behaviors among transgender women sex workers in Shenyang, China.","volume":"25","author":"She","year":"2021","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1983-1447.2016.02.56407","article-title":"Cases of violence involving transvestites and transsexuals in a northeastern Brazilian city.","volume":"37","author":"Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Gaucha Enferm"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001423","article-title":"Impact of sexual violence across the lifespan on HIV risk behaviors among transgender women and cisgender people living with HIV.","volume":"75","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"13-14","key":"zoi251410r153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP11089","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260521990840","article-title":"Polyvictimization, sex work, and depressive symptoms among transgender women and men who have sex with men.","volume":"37","author":"Srivastava","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"23-24","key":"zoi251410r154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP23527","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605211072161","article-title":"Police and transgender and gender diverse people in the United States: a brief note on interaction, harassment, and violence.","volume":"37","author":"Stenersen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"zoi251410r155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029604","article-title":"Effects of violence on transgender people.","author":"Testa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prof Psychol Res Pr"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2018.0051","article-title":"Violence and mental health among gender-diverse individuals enrolled in a human immunodeficiency virus program in Karnataka, South India.","volume":"4","author":"Thompson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transgend Health"},{"key":"zoi251410r157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2017.0031","article-title":"Enacted stigma, mental health, and protective factors among transgender youth in Canada.","author":"Veale","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transgend Health"},{"issue":"21-22","key":"zoi251410r158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4583","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260517715026","article-title":"Hate crimes against trans people: assessing emotions, behaviors, and attitudes toward criminal justice agencies.","volume":"35","author":"Walters","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-03076-w","article-title":"Violence victimization and condomless anal intercourse among transgender women in China: mediating role of depression.","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi251410r160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001317","article-title":"Intimate partner violence among Chinese transwomen: associations with sexual risk behaviors and HIV testing.","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152906","article-title":"HIV prevalence and risks associated with HIV infection among transgender individuals in Cambodia.","volume":"11","author":"Weissman","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-05803-7","article-title":"Population-based HIV prevalence, stigma and HIV risk among trans women in Nepal.","volume":"21","author":"Wilson","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"zoi251410r163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108711","article-title":"Transgender-related discrimination and substance use, substance use disorder diagnosis and treatment history among transgender adults.","volume":"223","author":"Wolfe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"zoi251410r164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2656","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260518760018","article-title":"Identity abuse as a tactic of violence in LGBTQ communities: initial validation of the identity abuse measure.","volume":"36","author":"Woulfe","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"zoi251410r165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15061246","article-title":"Legal immigration status is associated with depressive symptoms among Latina transgender women in Washington, DC.","author":"Yamanis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12914-017-0122-6","article-title":"HIV prevalence, risky behaviors, and discrimination experiences among transgender women in Cambodia: descriptive findings from a national integrated biological and behavioral survey.","volume":"17","author":"Yi","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Int Health Hum Rights"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi251410r167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25281","article-title":"The burden of HIV among female sex workers, men who have sex with men and transgender women in Haiti: results from the 2016 Priorities for Local AIDS Control Efforts (PLACE) study.","volume":"22","author":"Zalla","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"13-14","key":"zoi251410r168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP11991","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260521997445","article-title":"Experiences of violence and mental health outcomes among Colombian men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women.","volume":"37","author":"Zea","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi251410r169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.17.197251","article-title":"Violence motivated by perception of sexual orientation and gender identity: a systematic review.","volume":"96","author":"Blondeel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1177\/08912432231171172","article-title":"The matrix of violence: intersectionality and necropolitics in the murder of transgender people in the United States, 1990\u20132019.","volume":"37","author":"Westbrook","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gend Soc"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi251410r171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(25)00091-4","article-title":"Values and preferences regarding the health sector response to interpersonal violence against transgender and gender-diverse individuals: a systematic review.","volume":"12","author":"Kaptchuk","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi251410r172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380241284586","article-title":"A qualitative systematic review of stigma, violence, victimization, and associated coping among transgender people engaged in sex Work.","volume":"26","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi251410r173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.303973","article-title":"Data sources hinder our understanding of transgender murders.","volume":"107","author":"Stotzer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"10422","key":"zoi251410r174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02715-0","article-title":"A call to action for equitable care for trans and non-binary people.","volume":"403","author":"Connolly","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi251410r175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.6425","article-title":"Implementation of patient-reported outcome measures for gender-affirming care worldwide: a systematic review.","volume":"6","author":"Kamran","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjoq-2024-002777","article-title":"Implementing strategies to improve uptake of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in gender-affirming care: a mixed-methods implementation study.","volume":"13","author":"Kamran","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open Qual"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi251410r177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1215\/00703370-8976151","article-title":"Evaluating the use of a two-step gender identity measure in the 2018 general social survey.","volume":"58","author":"Lagos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"zoi251410r6","volume-title":"Minority Stress and Lesbian Women","author":"Brooks","year":"1981"},{"key":"zoi251410r16","unstructured":"Trans Murder Monitoring 2023 global update. Trans Murder Monitoring. November 13, 2023. Accessed October 11, 2024. https:\/\/tgeu.org\/trans-murder-monitoring-2023-global-update\/"},{"key":"zoi251410r20","unstructured":"Krug? EG, Dahlberg? LL, Mercy? JA, Zwi? AB, Lozano? R. World report on violence and health. World Health Organization. October 3, 2002. Accessed December 28, 2024. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9241545615"},{"key":"zoi251410r31","unstructured":"The R Project for Statistical Computing. 2023. Accessed December 28, 2024. https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2844133\/mclellan_2026_oi_251410_1776096859.49671.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T15:00:19Z","timestamp":1776438019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2844133"}},"subtitle":["A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"references-count":177,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.52953","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]}}}