{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T07:23:51Z","timestamp":1769066631067,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Recovery after a motor vehicle crash can be slow, frustrating, and incomplete with lingering neurocognitive complications.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To examine whether a prior concussion is associated with increased risk of long-term disability after a motor vehicle crash.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n This cohort study included adults surviving a motor vehicle crash treated in Ontario, Canada, from April 2003 to March 2023 with analyses to November 2025.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Exposure<\/jats:title>\n Prior concussion.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome and Measures<\/jats:title>\n Long-term disability defined by official social service records, comparing those with a prior concussion and those with no history of a prior concussion.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 907\u202f984 patients injured in a motor vehicle crash were included (mean [SD] age, 37 [14] years; 472\u202f435 male [52.0%]); 19\u202f851 patients had a prior concussion and 888\u202f133 had no prior concussion. A total of 54\u202f678 patients were subsequently diagnosed with long-term disability over 9\u202f543\u202f505 patient-years of follow-up (mean [SD], 10.5 [5.8] years), equal to an absolute risk of 1 in 17 per decade (5.7 per 1000 patient-years). Patients with a prior concussion had a 15% higher adjusted risk of long-term disability (95% CI, 9%-21%;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001) compared with those with no prior concussion. The increased risk of long-term disability was independent of other measured risk factors, applied to diverse patient groups, and included those involved as passengers or pedestrians. The increased risk extended across a spectrum of crash severity, was accentuated for single-vehicle events, replicated in analyses with artificial intelligence models adjusting for confounding, and remained distinct from the risks of death, readmission, or short-term health care costs.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n This population-based cohort study suggests a significant increased risk of long-term disability after a motor vehicle crash, particular among patients with a prior concussion. More efforts at concussion prevention and traffic safety counseling may be justified for patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.54831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T16:00:33Z","timestamp":1769011233000},"page":"e2554831","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prior Concussions and Risk of Disability for Patients After a Motor Vehicle Crash"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Donald A.","family":"Redelmeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Evaluative Clinical Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"},{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario"},{"name":"Center for Leading Injury Prevention Practice Education & Research, Toronto, Ontario"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vidhi","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evaluative Clinical Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha S. 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