{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:26:50Z","timestamp":1792132010514,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Risk and protective factors for suicide mortality in youths remain poorly synthesized, as prior reviews have focused on all ages or nonfatal outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To systematically assess factors associated with risk of suicide mortality in youths.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL from inception to March 7, 2025.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Selection<\/jats:title>\n Case-control and cohort studies of youths (aged \u226424 years) examining risk and\/or protective factors associated with suicide mortality vs living general-population controls were included. Two independent reviewers screened 9497 records.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Extraction and Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, 2 reviewers independently screened reports; 1 extracted data, verified by a second. Evidence was synthesized using vote counting and random-effects meta-analysis in April 2026.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n The primary outcome was suicide mortality at age 24 years or younger.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Ninety reports from 68 studies, mostly from high-income countries, identified distinct risk and\/or protective factors; 54 reports contributed to 30 meta-analyses. The factors associated with the highest odds of suicide risk included schizophrenia (odds ratio [OR], 22.23; 95% CI, 12.05-41.03;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u200985.4%; 7 reports), mood disorders (OR, 11.32; 95% CI, 6.11-20.97;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u200964.6%; 7 reports), and self-harm (OR, 14.06; 95% CI, 5.58-35.39;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u200990.1%; 10 reports). Clinical indicators of health care use were also associated with higher risk, including mental health services use in preceding year (OR, 7.39; 95% CI, 6.45-8.47;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20090.0%; 5 reports) and psychiatric admission (OR, 31.96; 95% CI, 13.83-73.86;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u200994.8%; 6 reports). At the socioecological level, several indicators were associated with higher risk, including maltreatment (OR, 4.03; 95% CI, 1.41-11.50;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u200967.1%; 5 reports), out-of-home placement (OR, 4.47; 95% CI, 2.15-9.28;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u200942.1%; 5 reports), youth justice system involvement (OR, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.94-3.75;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u200964.2%; 7 reports), and low educational attainment (OR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.66-5.24;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u200976.0%; 5 reports). In contrast, indicators of family stability were associated with lower risk, including living with both parents (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.48-0.62;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u200912.1%; 11 reports). Heterogeneity was substantial across analyses, while Newcastle-Ottawa ratings indicated moderate-to-high study quality.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this systematic review and meta-analysis, suicide mortality in youths was associated with mental disorders, health care contact, and adversity, supporting both clinical care and population-level prevention, with future research needed in underrepresented populations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2026.21622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T15:42:25Z","timestamp":1783006945000},"page":"e2621622","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk and Protective Factors for Suicide Mortality in Youths"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Marie-Claude","family":"Geoffroy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, 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