{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T16:01:14Z","timestamp":1785254474441,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Non\u2013small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer death in the US, with substantial socioeconomic, racial, and geographic disparities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the association between Medicaid expansion and place-based disparities in insurance coverage, early-stage diagnosis, and 3-year overall survival among patients diagnosed with NSCLC.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n This cohort study used difference-in-differences (DD) and difference-in-differences-in-differences (DDD) analyses in the population-based Cancer Incidence in North America of the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries database. For analyses of insurance coverage and early-stage diagnosis, participants included patients aged 18 to 64 years with NSCLC newly diagnosed from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2013 (defined as the pre-expansion period), and from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2019 (defined as the postexpansion period), from 26 states and Washington, DC, that expanded Medicaid eligibility by 2014 and 17 nonexpansion states as of 2019. Survival analysis included patients aged 18 to 61 years in January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2012 (defined as the pre-expansion period), and January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2018 (defined as the postexpansion period), from 26 expansion states and 16 nonexpansion states. For both analyses, 2014 was excluded as the washout period. Data were analyzed from August 1, 2023, to April 30, 2026.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Exposure<\/jats:title>\n Medicaid expansion.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n Outcomes included insurance coverage, localized-stage diagnosis, and 3-year overall survival. Linear probability regressions and flexible parametric survival models were fitted, adjusting for age, sex, and county-level metropolitan status and social deprivation. Stratified analyses were conducted within subgroups defined by census tract\u2013level poverty and county-level poverty, metropolitan status, medically underserved areas, racialized economic residential segregation, and social deprivation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Among 303\u202f503 patients (164 901 [54.3%] male; 216 591 [71.4%] aged 55-64 years), health insurance coverage increased by 5.06 percentage points (pp) (95% CI, 4.80-5.32 pp) in expansion states and by 2.87 pp (95% CI, 2.59-3.16 pp) in nonexpansion states, resulting in adjusted DD of 2.22 pp (95% CI, 1.83-2.60 pp). Similarly, Medicaid expansion was associated with significant increases in localized-stage diagnosis (1.76 pp [95% CI, 1.21-2.30 pp]) and 3-year overall survival (1.89 pp [95% CI, 1.04-2.74 pp]). Improvements were greater among patients residing in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. For example, the 3-year survival difference associated with Medicaid expansion was 4.22 pp (95% CI, 2.39-6.05 pp) in nonmetropolitan counties but 1.21 pp (95% CI, 0.26-2.17 pp) in metropolitan counties (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.01 from DDD analysis).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this nationwide cohort of patients with NSCLC, Medicaid expansion was associated with improved outcomes, especially among patients residing in socioeconomically vulnerable areas. Patterns are consistent with a narrowing of place-based disparities and support potential benefits of Medicaid expansion and possible implications of projected coverage losses.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2026.25384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T15:30:26Z","timestamp":1785252626000},"page":"e2625384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Medicaid Expansion and Place-Based Disparities in Non\u2013Small Cell Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Survival"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Marvin","family":"Okon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuesong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance, Prevention & Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingxuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance, Prevention & Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. Robin","family":"Yabroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance, Prevention & Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Mayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khoa","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"Schafer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance, Prevention & Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmedin","family":"Jemal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance, Prevention & Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"zoi260707r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000876","article-title":"Changes in health insurance coverage associated with the Affordable Care Act among adults with and without a cancer history: population-based national estimates.","volume":"56","author":"Davidoff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi260707r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.3467","article-title":"Comparison of insurance status and diagnosis stage among patients with newly diagnosed cancer before vs after implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.","volume":"4","author":"Han","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi260707r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djac077","article-title":"Association between Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act and survival among newly diagnosed cancer patients.","volume":"114","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi260707r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.03.042","article-title":"Association of Medicaid expansion with timely treatment and access to high-volume hospitals in early-stage lung cancer patients.","volume":"120","author":"Hooda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2020.06.020","article-title":"Early- and late-stage cancer diagnosis under 3 years of Medicaid expansion.","volume":"60","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi260707r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-25-1244","article-title":"Association between Medicaid expansion and 5-year survival among individuals diagnosed with cancer.","volume":"15","author":"Schafer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi260707r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2017.1491","article-title":"The effects Of Medicaid expansion under the ACA: a systematic review.","volume":"37","author":"Mazurenko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi260707r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaa043","article-title":"The Affordable Care Act\u2019s Medicaid expansion and impact along the cancer-care continuum: a systematic review.","volume":"112","author":"Moss","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"zoi260707r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05333.x","article-title":"Neighborhoods and health.","volume":"1186","author":"Diez Roux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi260707r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djac030","article-title":"Rural-urban disparities in cancer outcomes: opportunities for future research.","volume":"114","author":"Bhatia","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi260707r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-016-0326-9","article-title":"Residential segregation and racial cancer disparities: a systematic review.","volume":"4","author":"Landrine","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Racial Ethn Health Disparities"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi260707r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4601","article-title":"Systematic review of neighborhood socioeconomic indices studied across the cancer control continuum.","volume":"11","author":"Sorice","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"zoi260707r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18988","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.6451","article-title":"Disparities in cancer mortality patterns: a comprehensive examination of US rural and urban adults, 1999-2020.","volume":"12","author":"Sokale","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi260707r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21703","article-title":"American Cancer Society\u2019s report on the status of cancer disparities in the United States, 2021.","volume":"72","author":"Islami","year":"2022","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi260707r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12498","article-title":"Rural-urban disparities in pancreatic cancer stage of diagnosis: understanding the interaction with medically underserved areas.","volume":"36","author":"Segel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Rural Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2022.5382","article-title":"Association of residential racial and economic segregation with cancer mortality in the US.","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r21","first-page":"10","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2025.","volume":"75","author":"Siegel","year":"2025","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-22134-3","article-title":"Lung cancer disparities in rural, persistent poverty counties: a secondary data analysis.","volume":"25","author":"Bernacchi","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"18","key":"zoi260707r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7218a1","article-title":"Tobacco product use among adults\u2014United States, 2021.","volume":"72","author":"Cornelius","year":"2023","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi260707r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8500","article-title":"Separate and unequal: residential segregation and estimated cancer risks associated with ambient air toxics in US metropolitan areas.","volume":"114","author":"Morello-Frosch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"zoi260707r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S238","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300119","article-title":"Moving environmental justice indoors: understanding structural influences on residential exposure patterns in low-income communities.","volume":"101","author":"Adamkiewicz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"zoi260707r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2015.05.008","article-title":"Black carbon exposure, socioeconomic and racial\/ethnic spatial polarization, and the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE).","volume":"34","author":"Krieger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"zoi260707r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1416096","article-title":"Regional and social disparities in cessation behavior and motivation to quit among US adult current smokers: Tobacco Use Supplement to the US Census Bureau\u2019s Current Population Survey 2014-15 and 2018-19.","volume":"12","author":"Johnson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"zoi260707r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2025.108615","article-title":"Geographic disparities in lung cancer screening uptake in the United States using the 2021 United States Preventive Services Task Force Guidelines.","volume":"205","author":"Gudina","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"15","key":"zoi260707r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.70004","article-title":"Urban-rural disparities in lung cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Black and White populations.","volume":"131","author":"Howlader","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chpulm.2024.100101","article-title":"Racialized economic segregation and disparities in non\u2013small cell lung cancer care and outcomes.","volume":"3","author":"Shrestha","year":"2025","journal-title":"CHEST Pulm"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi260707r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e92","DOI":"10.1200\/JOP.2017.027102","article-title":"Trends in insurance status among patients diagnosed with cancer before and after implementation of the Affordable Care Act.","volume":"14","author":"Moss","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Oncol Pract"},{"issue":"14","key":"zoi260707r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO-25-01892","article-title":"Medicaid expansion and stage at diagnosis, timely initiation and receipt of guideline-concordant treatment, and survival among people with non-small cell lung cancer.","volume":"44","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi260707r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2020.1040","article-title":"Association of Medicaid expansion under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act with non\u2013small cell lung cancer survival.","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.51529","article-title":"Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act and early mortality following lung cancer surgery.","volume":"7","author":"Nogueira","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi260707r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyy004","article-title":"Using the Index of Concentration at the extremes at multiple geographical levels to monitor health inequities in an era of growing spatial social polarization: Massachusetts, USA (2010-14).","volume":"47","author":"Krieger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"zoi260707r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2012.01449.x","article-title":"Measures of social deprivation that predict health care access and need within a rational area of primary care service delivery.","volume":"48","author":"Butler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1765(03)00032-6","article-title":"Interaction terms in logit and probit models.","volume":"80","author":"Ai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Econ Lett"},{"issue":"15","key":"zoi260707r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1203","article-title":"Flexible parametric proportional-hazards and proportional-odds models for censored survival data, with application to prognostic modelling and estimation of treatment effects.","volume":"21","author":"Royston","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi260707r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djab105","article-title":"Association of Medicaid expansion with cancer stage and disparities in newly diagnosed young adults.","volume":"113","author":"Ji","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"35","key":"zoi260707r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3906","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.73.7817","article-title":"Changes in insurance coverage and stage at diagnosis among nonelderly patients with cancer after the Affordable Care Act.","volume":"35","author":"Jemal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi260707r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1093\/phr\/116.5.404","article-title":"Racial residential segregation: a fundamental cause of racial disparities in health.","volume":"116","author":"Williams","year":"2001","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi260707r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.2190\/HS.44.4.b","article-title":"Discrimination and health inequities.","volume":"44","author":"Krieger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Health Serv"},{"key":"zoi260707r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031210-101218","article-title":"The social determinants of health: coming of age.","volume":"32","author":"Braveman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi260707r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl083","article-title":"Widening socioeconomic inequalities in US life expectancy, 1980-2000.","volume":"35","author":"Singh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi260707r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2024-058718","article-title":"Neighbourhood inequities in the availability of retailers selling tobacco products: a systematic review.","volume":"34","author":"Kong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"zoi260707r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2021.102653","article-title":"Sociodemographic inequities in tobacco retailer density: do neighboring places matter?","volume":"71","author":"Kong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi260707r56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.18481","article-title":"Residential segregation and lung cancer risk in African American adults.","volume":"8","author":"Xiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi260707r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33996","article-title":"Geographic access to lung cancer screening among eligible adults living in rural and urban environments in the United States.","volume":"128","author":"Sahar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi260707r58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.04.113","article-title":"Rural-urban differences in access to thoracic surgery in the United States, 2010 to 2014.","volume":"108","author":"Eberth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"zoi260707r59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1562672","article-title":"Structural racism as a leading cause of racial disparities in breast cancer quality of care outcomes: a systematic review.","volume":"15","author":"Abdelhadi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pky009","article-title":"Cancer incidence and multilevel measures of residential economic and racial segregation for cancer registries.","volume":"2","author":"Krieger","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst Cancer Spectr"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.70045","article-title":"American Cancer Society\u2019s report on the status of cancer disparities in the United States, 2025.","volume":"76","author":"Islami","year":"2026","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2019.05.033","article-title":"The impact of the Affordable Care Act on disparities in private and Medicaid insurance coverage among patients under 65 with newly diagnosed cancer.","volume":"105","author":"Agarwal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi260707r63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.70001","article-title":"Impact of Medicaid expansion on stage of diagnosis of lung cancer for rural and urban patients in New Hampshire.","volume":"41","author":"Carter","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Rural Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi260707r64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17020207","article-title":"Medicaid expansion increases treatment for patients with colon cancer.","volume":"17","author":"Lyons","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi260707r65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2826","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-022-01459-4","article-title":"Impact of Medicaid expansion on stage at diagnosis for US adults with pancreatic cancer: a population-based study.","volume":"10","author":"Mobley","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Racial Ethn Health Disparities"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi260707r67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.9142","article-title":"Association of Medicaid expansion with quality in safety-net hospitals.","volume":"181","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi260707r68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2021.00643","article-title":"Medicaid expansion alone not associated with improved finances, staffing, or quality at critical access hospitals.","volume":"40","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi260707r69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3913","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-025-17082-6","article-title":"Medicaid expansion is associated with differences in local therapy for non\u2013small cell lung cancer.","volume":"32","author":"Madeka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi260707r70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00293-0","article-title":"Changes in cancer diagnoses and stage distribution during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA: a cross-sectional nationwide assessment.","volume":"24","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi260707r71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2661","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaf227","article-title":"Medicaid expansion and cancer stage at diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.","volume":"117","author":"Han","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"21","key":"zoi260707r73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2202170","article-title":"Neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy in resectable lung cancer.","volume":"386","author":"Forde","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10308","key":"zoi260707r74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02098-5","article-title":"Adjuvant atezolizumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in resected stage IB-IIIA non\u2013small-cell lung cancer (IMpower010): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 trial.","volume":"398","author":"Felip","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi260707r75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3495","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol31060258","article-title":"A Review of immunotherapy in non\u2013small-cell lung cancer.","volume":"31","author":"Capella","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi260707r76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1713137","article-title":"Osimertinib in untreated EGFR-mutated advanced non\u2013small-cell lung cancer.","volume":"378","author":"Soria","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi260707r77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-024-00971-2","article-title":"The changing treatment landscape of EGFR-mutant non\u2013small-cell lung cancer.","volume":"22","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi260707r78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.1117","article-title":"Screening for lung cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement.","volume":"325","author":"Krist","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"zoi260707r1","year":"2010"},{"key":"zoi260707r40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781410600141","volume-title":"Does It Take a Village? Community Effects on Children, Adolescents, and Families","author":"Booth","year":"2001"},{"key":"zoi260707r43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400829828","volume-title":"Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist\u2019s Companion","author":"Angrist","year":"2009"},{"key":"zoi260707r2","unstructured":"Status of state Medicaid expansion decisions. Kaiser Family Foundation. September 29, 2025. Accessed December 16, 2025. https:\/\/www.kff.org\/medicaid\/issue-brief\/status-of-state-medicaid-expansion-decisions\/?"},{"key":"zoi260707r3","unstructured":"Key facts about the uninsured population. Kaiser Family Foundation. April 9, 2026. Accessed June 19. 2026. https:\/\/www.kff.org\/uninsured\/key-facts-about-the-uninsured-population\/"},{"key":"zoi260707r12","unstructured":"Guth? M, Artiga? S, Pham? O. Effects of the ACA Medicaid expansion on racial disparities in health and health care. September 30, 2020. Accessed September 26, 2025. https:\/\/www.kff.org\/affordable-care-act\/effects-of-the-aca-medicaid-expansion-on-racial-disparities-in-health-and-health-care?"},{"key":"zoi260707r35","unstructured":"SEER*Stat. National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; 2023. Accessed June 19, 2026. https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/seerstat\/"},{"key":"zoi260707r36","unstructured":"American Community Survey. US Census Bureau. Accessed on October 21, 2025. https:\/\/data.census.gov\/"},{"key":"zoi260707r37","unstructured":"Social determinants of health database. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Accessed on November 14, 2025. https:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/sdoh\/data-analytics\/sdoh-data.html?"},{"key":"zoi260707r38","unstructured":"Social deprivation index. Robert Graham Center. Accessed June 19, 2026. https:\/\/www.graham-center.org\/evidence-based-research\/featured-work\/social-deprivation-index"},{"key":"zoi260707r39","unstructured":"What is shortage designation? Health Resources and Services Administration. Reviewed April 2026. Accessed June 19, 2026. https:\/\/bhw.hrsa.gov\/shortage-designation\/muap?"},{"key":"zoi260707r48","unstructured":"SEER*Stat Software. Version 9.0.43. National Cancer Institute Surveillance Epidemiology, and End Results Program; 2026. Accessed June 19, 2026. https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/seerstat\/"},{"key":"zoi260707r49","unstructured":"Health provisions in the 2025 federal budget reconciliation law. Kaiser Family Foundation. August 22, 2025. Accessed January 7, 2026. https:\/\/www.kff.org\/medicaid\/health-provisions-in-the-2025-federal-budget-reconciliation-law\/"},{"key":"zoi260707r66","unstructured":"Antonisse? L, Garfield? R, Rudowitz? R, Artiga? S. The effects of Medicaid expansion under the ACA: updated findings from a literature review. Kaiser Family Foundation. March 2018. Accessed January 9, 2026. https:\/\/files.kff.org\/attachment\/Issue-Brief-The-Effects-of-Medicaid-Expansion-Under-the-ACA-Updated-Findings-from-a-Literature-Review?"},{"key":"zoi260707r72","unstructured":"Williams? E, Burns? A, Euhus? R, Rudowitz? R. Eliminating the Medicaid expansion federal match rate: state-by-state estimates. Kaiser Family Foundation. February 13, 2025. Accessed on December 16, 2025. https:\/\/www.kff.org\/medicaid\/eliminating-the-medicaid-expansion-federal-match-rate-state-by-state-estimates\/"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2852143\/okon_2026_oi_260707_1784645750.08292.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T15:30:29Z","timestamp":1785252629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2852143"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2026.25384","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]}}}