{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T03:11:00Z","timestamp":1793157060747,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n As long-term survival after solid organ transplant has improved, malignant neoplasms have emerged as a major determinant of outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To examine whether posttransplant cancer risk follows uniform trajectories over time or exhibits patterns across organ types and malignant neoplasm subtypes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n This population-based cohort study used US nationwide data from 2000 to 2023 from the United Network for Organ Sharing registry. Participants were first-time recipients of heart, lung, liver, or kidney transplant. Analyses were conducted from March to June 2026.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n Incidence rates of first-occurring cancers for each cancer subtype were estimated per 100 person-years across 1-year intervals during the first decade after transplant. Temporal changes were evaluated using Poisson regression models adjusted for attained age, sex, transplanted organ type, and calendar period.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Among 622\u202f330 transplant recipients (60\u202f268 heart, 42\u202f755 lung, 146\u202f852 liver, and 372\u202f455 kidney; median [IQR] age, 53 [41-61] years; 389\u202f794 [62.6%] male), nonmelanoma skin cancers accounted for 30\u202f049 of 61\u202f011 cancers in 54\u202f709 individuals (49.3%). Lung, heart, and liver transplant recipients had consistently higher cancer incidence rates than kidney transplant recipients (eg, solid organ cancer: heart transplant: incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.57 [95% CI, 1.51-1.63]; lung transplant: IRR, 2.01 [95% CI, 1.92-2.09]; liver transplant: IRR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.14-1.22]). These differences increased with time since transplant for lung and heart transplant recipients (eg, solid organ cancer among heart vs kidney transplant recipients: year 1: IRR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.83-1.07]; years 2-5: IRR, 1.54 [95% CI, 1.45-1.64]; years 6-10: IRR, 1.86 [95% CI, 1.75-1.98]). Three general temporal patterns were observed: an early peak followed by a decline for selected malignant neoplasms (including posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease and thyroid cancer), relatively stable rates for several cancer types, and progressively increasing incidence rates over time for selected solid organ malignant neoplasms (including lung, bladder, colorectal, and genital cancers). These patterns persisted after multivariable adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this cohort study of solid organ transplant recipients, cancer incidence rates demonstrated distinct time-dependent patterns that varied by malignant neoplasm subtype and transplanted organ. These findings describe time-dependent risk trajectories among transplant survivors and may inform the timing of surveillance strategies and future studies of cancer risk in this population.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2026.31027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T15:30:27Z","timestamp":1787844627000},"page":"e2631027","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Posttransplant Malignant Neoplasms in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Andersson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mass General Brigham Heart and Vascular Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anju","family":"Nohria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann E.","family":"Woolley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mass General Brigham and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Mass General Brigham and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asya","family":"Lyass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavishwar","family":"Wagholikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Computer Science, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Givertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mass General Brigham Heart and Vascular Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandeep R.","family":"Mehra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mass General Brigham Heart and Vascular Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"zoi260852r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2015.5137","article-title":"Cancer mortality among recipients of solid-organ transplantation in Ontario, Canada.","volume":"2","author":"Acuna","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA 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