{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:14:03Z","timestamp":1790824443490,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]]},"DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.0330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]],"date-time":"2019-03-18T16:00:16Z","timestamp":1552924816000},"page":"665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Changes in the Risk of Reaching Multiple Sclerosis Disability Milestones In Recent Decades"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Omid","family":"Beiki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Cognizant Technology Solutions, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Frumento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Bottai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Manouchehrinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Hillert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"noi190010r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513481009","article-title":"Explaining temporal trends in annualised relapse rates in placebo groups of randomised controlled trials in relapsing multiple sclerosis: systematic review and meta-regression.","volume":"19","author":"Steinvorth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"9","key":"noi190010r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0137052","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137052","article-title":"Changing EDSS progression in placebo cohorts in relapsing MS: a systematic review and meta-regression.","volume":"10","author":"R\u00f6ver","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"24","key":"noi190010r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e3973f","article-title":"New perspectives in the natural history of multiple sclerosis.","volume":"74","author":"Tremlett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"pt 1","key":"noi190010r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/112.1.133","article-title":"The natural history of multiple sclerosis: a geographically based study: I: clinical course and disability.","volume":"112","author":"Weinshenker","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"pt 1","key":"noi190010r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/116.1.117","article-title":"Prognostic factors in a multiple sclerosis incidence cohort with twenty-five years of follow-up.","volume":"116","author":"Runmarker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"20","key":"noi190010r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200011163432001","article-title":"Relapses and progression of disability in multiple sclerosis.","volume":"343","author":"Confavreux","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi190010r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000101724.93433.00","article-title":"Change in MS-related disability in a population-based cohort: a 10-year follow-up study.","volume":"62","author":"Pittock","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"noi190010r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000194259.90286.fe","article-title":"Disability progression in multiple sclerosis is slower than previously reported.","volume":"66","author":"Tremlett","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"noi190010r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.03.017","article-title":"Increasing age at disability milestones among MS patients in the MSBase Registry.","volume":"318","author":"Kister","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi190010r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511422097","article-title":"Temporal trends of disability progression in multiple sclerosis: findings from British Columbia, Canada (1975-2009).","volume":"18","author":"Shirani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi190010r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.62.4.601","article-title":"Disability profile of MS did not change over 10 years in a population-based prevalence cohort.","volume":"62","author":"Pittock","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"noi190010r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458516681197","article-title":"Clinical course of multiple sclerosis: a nationwide cohort study.","volume":"23","author":"Manouchehrinia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi190010r14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517706252","article-title":"Characterization of annual disease progression of multiple sclerosis patients: a population-based study.","volume":"24","author":"Freilich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi190010r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004216","article-title":"Mortality trends for multiple sclerosis patients in Sweden from 1968 to 2012.","volume":"89","author":"Burkill","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"noi190010r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511403794","article-title":"High nationwide prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Sweden.","volume":"17","author":"Ahlgren","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"9","key":"noi190010r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e108599","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108599","article-title":"High nationwide incidence of multiple sclerosis in Sweden.","volume":"9","author":"Ahlgren","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"199","key":"noi190010r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12425","article-title":"The Swedish MS registry: clinical support tool and scientific resource.","volume":"132","author":"Hillert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"issue":"195","key":"noi190010r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12023","article-title":"From the Gothenburg cohort to the Swedish multiple sclerosis registry.","author":"Andersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand Suppl"},{"issue":"11","key":"noi190010r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444","article-title":"Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS).","volume":"33","author":"Kurtzke","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi190010r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280209105023","article-title":"Interval censoring.","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi190010r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000237994.95410.ce","article-title":"Long-term subcutaneous interferon beta-1a therapy in patients with relapsing-remitting MS.","volume":"67","author":"Kappos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"noi190010r26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509358088","article-title":"Continuous long-term immunomodulatory therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis: results from the 15-year analysis of the US prospective open-label study of glatiramer acetate.","volume":"16","author":"Ford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi190010r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21757","article-title":"Real-life impact of early interferon beta therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis.","volume":"66","author":"Trojano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"noi190010r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509350307","article-title":"Disease progression among multiple sclerosis patients before and during a disease-modifying drug program: a longitudinal population-based evaluation.","volume":"15","author":"Veugelers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi190010r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458510396269","article-title":"Trend for decreasing Multiple Sclerosis Severity Scores (MSSS) with increasing calendar year of enrollment into the New York State Multiple Sclerosis Consortium.","volume":"17","author":"Kister","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"3","key":"noi190010r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.2307\/2532360","article-title":"Maximum likelihood estimation for interval-censored data using a Weibull-based accelerated failure time model.","volume":"48","author":"Odell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi190010r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-3500-y","article-title":"Perturbative method for maximum likelihood estimation of the Weibull distribution parameters.","volume":"5","author":"Coria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"issue":"8","key":"noi190010r33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458516643394","article-title":"A significant decrease in diagnosis of primary progressive multiple sclerosis: a cohort study.","volume":"22","author":"Westerlind","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"7","key":"noi190010r34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458510367721","article-title":"Modifiable factors influencing relapses and disability in multiple sclerosis.","volume":"16","author":"D'Hooghe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi190010r35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.154906","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus is associated with grey matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis.","volume":"80","author":"Zivadinov","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi190010r36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2008.604","article-title":"Demographic differences and trends of vitamin D insufficiency in the US population, 1988-2004.","volume":"169","author":"Ginde","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi190010r37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517702549","article-title":"Comparing costs of illness of multiple sclerosis in three different years: a population-based study.","volume":"24","author":"Gyllensten","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"noi190010r38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.5.1027","article-title":"Kurtzke scales revisited: the application of psychometric methods to clinical intuition.","volume":"123","author":"Hobart","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"2","key":"noi190010r39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458510385505","article-title":"Disease progression in multiple sclerosis: combining physicians' and patients' perspectives?","volume":"17","author":"Kragt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"11","key":"noi190010r40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512441689","article-title":"EDSS improvement: recovery of function or noise?","volume":"18","author":"Ontaneda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"9","key":"noi190010r41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000313034.46883.16","article-title":"Disability as an outcome in MS clinical trials.","volume":"71","author":"Ebers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"noi190010r9","author":"Brown"},{"key":"noi190010r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/b18041","volume-title":"Modelling Survival Data in Medical Research","author":"Collett","year":"2015","edition":"3rd ed"},{"key":"noi190010r22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118032985","volume-title":"The Statistical Analysis of Failure Time Data","author":"Kalbfleisch","year":"2002","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"noi190010r24","volume-title":"McAlpine's Multiple Sclerosis","author":"McAlpine","year":"2005","edition":"4th ed"},{"key":"noi190010r27","unstructured":"EbersG, TraboulseeA, LangdonD, . The final results of the interferon beta-1b 16-year long-term follow-up study. https:\/\/ora.ox.ac.uk\/objects\/uuid:4f0c52f2-64a4-486e-a074-a22498bd236b. Accessed February 12, 2019."}],"container-title":["JAMA Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/\/jamaneurology\/article-pdf\/76\/6\/665\/17656796\/jamaneurology_beiki_2019_oi_190010.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T19:35:21Z","timestamp":1606851321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/archneur.jamanetwork.com\/article.aspx?doi=10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.0330"}},"subtitle":["A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Sweden"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.0330","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6149"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6149","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]]}}}