{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T18:07:21Z","timestamp":1792260441450,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-noi230039-4\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Psychotic symptoms greatly increase the burden of disease for people with neurodegenerative disorders and their caregivers. Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) may be effective treatment for psychotic symptoms in these disorders. Previous trials only evaluated neuropsychiatric symptoms as a secondary and an overall outcome, potentially blurring the outcomes noted with ChEI use specifically for psychotic symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-noi230039-5\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To quantitatively assess the use of ChEIs for treatment of individual neuropsychiatric symptoms, specifically hallucinations and delusions, in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-noi230039-6\"><jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic search was performed in PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, and PsychInfo, without year restrictions. Additional eligible studies were retrieved from reference lists. The final search cutoff date was April 21, 2022.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-noi230039-7\"><jats:title>Study Selection<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies were selected if they presented the results of placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials, including at least 1 donepezil, rivastigmine, or galantamine treatment arm in patients with AD, PD, or DLB; if they applied at least 1 neuropsychiatric measure including hallucinations and\/or delusions; and if a full-text version of the study was available in the English language. Study selection was performed and checked by multiple reviewers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-noi230039-8\"><jats:title>Data Extraction and Synthesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Original research data were requested on eligible studies. A 2-stage meta-analysis was then performed, using random-effects models. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were followed for extracting data and assessing the data quality and validity. Data extraction was checked by a second reviewer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-noi230039-9\"><jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary outcomes were hallucinations and delusions; secondary outcomes included all other individual neuropsychiatric subdomains as well as the total neuropsychiatric score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-noi230039-10\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 34 eligible randomized clinical trials were selected. Individual participant data on 6649 individuals (3830 [62.6%] women; mean [SD] age, 75.0 [8.2] years) were obtained from 17 trials (AD: n\u2009=\u200912; PD: n\u2009=\u20095; individual participant data were not available for DLB). An association with ChEI treatment was shown in the AD subgroup for delusions (\u22120.08; 95% CI, \u22120.14 to \u22120.03; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.006) and hallucinations (\u22120.09; 95% CI, \u22120.14 to \u22120.04; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.003) and in the PD subgroup for delusions (\u22120.14; 95% CI, \u22120.26 to \u22120.01; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04) and hallucinations (\u22120.08, 95% CI \u22120.13 to \u22120.03; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-noi230039-11\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of this individual participant data meta-analysis suggest that ChEI treatment improves psychotic symptoms in patients with AD and PD with small effect sizes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.1835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T15:33:00Z","timestamp":1687793580000},"page":"813","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Cholinesterase Inhibitors for Treatment of Psychotic Symptoms in Alzheimer Disease and Parkinson Disease"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Emile","family":"d\u2019Angremont","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marieke J. H.","family":"Begemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teus","family":"van Laar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris E. C.","family":"Sommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"noi230039r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.44.5.388","article-title":"Delusions and hallucinations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: review of the brain decade.","volume":"44","author":"Bassiony","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"noi230039r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2018.03.005","article-title":"Understanding hallucinations in probable Alzheimer\u2019s disease: very low prevalence rates in a tertiary memory clinic.","volume":"10","author":"Linszen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement (Amst)"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004058","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: fourth consensus report of the DLB Consortium.","volume":"89","author":"McKeith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi230039r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22839","article-title":"The changing face of Parkinson\u2019s disease-associated psychosis: a cross-sectional study based on the new NINDS-NIMH criteria.","volume":"25","author":"F\u00e9nelon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"noi230039r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2009.08.014","article-title":"Epidemiology of psychosis in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"289","author":"F\u00e9nelon","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi230039r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.02.030","article-title":"Survival in Parkinson\u2019s disease: relation with motor and non-motor features.","volume":"20","author":"de Lau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"issue":"11","key":"noi230039r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2227","article-title":"Risk factors for nursing home placement in advanced Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"43","author":"Goetz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2005.06.011","article-title":"Caregiver-burden in Parkinson\u2019s disease is closely associated with psychiatric symptoms, falls, and disability.","volume":"12","author":"Schrag","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"noi230039r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2008.10.001","article-title":"Clinical findings, functional abilities and caregiver distress in the early stage of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD).","volume":"49","author":"Ricci","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"noi230039r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.10.1601","article-title":"Delusions and hallucinations are associated with worse outcome in Alzheimer disease.","volume":"62","author":"Scarmeas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"noi230039r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-020-01074-y","article-title":"Psychosis in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"20","author":"Ballard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"issue":"March","key":"noi230039r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.05.026","article-title":"Treatment of psychosis in Parkinson\u2019s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies: a review.","volume":"75","author":"Kyle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi230039r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2011.01.003","article-title":"Revisiting the cholinergic hypothesis of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia of the Alzheimer\u2019s type.","volume":"10","author":"Pinto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi230039r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.1990.55.issue-4","article-title":"Evidence of a monoaminergic-cholinergic imbalance related to visual hallucinations in Lewy body dementia.","volume":"55","author":"Perry","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"12","key":"noi230039r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-303391","article-title":"Neuroanatomical substrates of visual hallucinations in patients with non-demented Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"83","author":"Shin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi230039r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200012)48:6<868::AID-ANA7>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Delusions associated with elevated muscarinic binding in dementia with Lewy bodies.","volume":"48","author":"Ballard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"noi230039r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JGP.0000221293.91312.d3","article-title":"Effects of donepezil on neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia and severe behavioral disorders.","volume":"14","author":"Cummings","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"noi230039r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21077","article-title":"Effects of rivastigmine in patients with and without visual hallucinations in dementia associated with Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"21","author":"Burn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s100720200022","article-title":"Donepezil in the treatment of hallucinations and delusions in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"23","author":"Fabbrini","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi230039r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.1204","article-title":"Rivastigmine in the treatment of parkinsonian psychosis and cognitive impairment: preliminary findings from an open trial.","volume":"16","author":"Reading","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"MAY","key":"noi230039r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00472","article-title":"Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the efficacy and safety of donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"noi230039r22","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cholinesterase inhibitors for Lewy body disorders: a meta-analysis.","volume":"19","author":"Matsunaga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"noi230039r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.14121582","article-title":"Pharmacological management of Lewy body dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"172","author":"Stinton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"noi230039r24","first-page":"1611","article-title":"Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia and Lewy body dementia: a meta-analysis.","volume":"17","author":"Meng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"noi230039r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2257","article-title":"Rivastigmine for minor visual hallucinations in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a randomized controlled trial with 24 months follow-up.","volume":"11","author":"van Mierlo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"issue":"7414","key":"noi230039r26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses.","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"noi230039r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials.","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"12","key":"noi230039r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2001.49266.x","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease in the nursing home setting.","volume":"49","author":"Tariot","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"noi230039r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000266627.96040.5a","article-title":"Donepezil preserves cognition and global function in patients with severe Alzheimer disease.","volume":"69","author":"Black","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"noi230039r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1159\/000122961","article-title":"Donepezil treatment of patients with severe Alzheimer\u2019s disease in a Japanese population: results from a 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.","volume":"25","author":"Homma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"noi230039r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-140291","article-title":"A randomized study of H3 antagonist ABT-288 in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s dementia.","volume":"42","author":"Haig","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2015.06.001","article-title":"A phase 2 randomized, controlled trial of the a7 agonist ABT-126 in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s dementia.","volume":"1","author":"Gault","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement (N Y)"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-016-0210-1","article-title":"ABT-126 monotherapy in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s dementia: randomized double-blind, placebo and active controlled adaptive trial and open-label extension.","volume":"8","author":"Gault","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"noi230039r34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1159\/000318845","article-title":"Rosiglitazone monotherapy in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease: results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study.","volume":"30","author":"Gold","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1159\/000328929","article-title":"A 24-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of the rivastigmine patch in Japanese patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"1","author":"Nakamura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi230039r36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000281847.17519.e0","article-title":"IDEAL: a 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the first skin patch for Alzheimer disease.","volume":"69","author":"Winblad","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"noi230039r37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.12.2269","article-title":"A 5-month, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of galantamine in AD: the Galantamine USA-10 Study Group.","volume":"54","author":"Tariot","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"noi230039r38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1159\/000086613","article-title":"Galantamine prolonged-release formulation in the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"20","author":"Brodaty","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"noi230039r39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.71.5.589","article-title":"Effects of a flexible galantamine dose in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a randomised, controlled trial.","volume":"71","author":"Rockwood","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-014-0083-0","article-title":"Donepezil for dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomized, placebo-controlled, confirmatory phase III trial.","volume":"7","author":"Ikeda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23557","article-title":"Donepezil for dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"72","author":"Mori","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"noi230039r42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25098","article-title":"Donepezil in Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia: a randomized, double-blind efficacy and safety study.","volume":"27","author":"Dubois","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"24","key":"noi230039r43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2509","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041470","article-title":"Rivastigmine for dementia associated with Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"351","author":"Emre","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"noi230039r44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26236","article-title":"Rivastigmine for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease: a placebo-controlled study.","volume":"30","author":"Mamikonyan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.144048","article-title":"A double-blind comparison of galantamine hydrobromide ER and placebo in Parkinson disease.","volume":"80","author":"Grace","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"noi230039r46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01380.x","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment\u2014beyond controversies, towards a consensus: report of the International Working Group on Mild Cognitive Impairment.","volume":"256","author":"Winblad","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"noi230039r47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2009.02253.x","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of rivastigmine transdermal patch compared with rivastigmine capsules in patients switched from donepezil: data from three clinical trials.","volume":"64","author":"Sadowsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi230039r48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.2217\/nmt-2017-0028","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease psychosis: presentation, diagnosis and management.","volume":"7","author":"Schneider","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurodegener Dis Manag"},{"issue":"45","key":"noi230039r49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S78","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sby148","article-title":"The Questionnaire for psychotic experiences: an examination of the validity and reliability.","volume":"45","author":"Rossell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"3","key":"noi230039r50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2012.10.022","article-title":"Performance of a shortened scale for assessment of positive symptoms for Parkinson\u2019s disease psychosis.","volume":"19","author":"Voss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s40734-015-0024-5","article-title":"A novel scale to assess psychosis in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"2","author":"Ondo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Mov Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"noi230039r52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.5.805","article-title":"Psychosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease is associated with elevated muscarinic M2 binding in the cortex.","volume":"57","author":"Lai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"noi230039r53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2004.06.007","article-title":"Cholinergic-serotonergic imbalance contributes to cognitive and behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"43","author":"Garcia-Alloza","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"noi230039r54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1991.tb00217.x","article-title":"Topography, extent, and clinical relevance of neurochemical deficits in dementia of Lewy body type, Parkinson\u2019s disease, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"640","author":"Perry","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"noi230039r55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-200825080-00004","article-title":"Pathophysiology and treatment of psychosis in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a review.","volume":"25","author":"Zahodne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7735","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-87318-4","article-title":"Fragmented sleep relates to hallucinations across perceptual modalities in the general population.","volume":"11","author":"Brederoo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"noi230039r57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.928","article-title":"Clinical predictors of response to acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors: experience from routine clinical use in Newcastle.","volume":"18","author":"Pakrasi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"noi230039r58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1557","article-title":"Effectiveness of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: diagnosis and severity as predictors of response in routine practice.","volume":"21","author":"Van Der Putt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-1362","article-title":"Effects of rivastigmine in Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients with and without hallucinations.","volume":"20","author":"Cummings","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"noi230039r60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.11.1388","article-title":"The spectrum of behavioral responses to cholinesterase inhibitor therapy in Alzheimer disease.","volume":"56","author":"Mega","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"noi230039r61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbas.2022.100039","article-title":"Cerebral topography of vesicular cholinergic transporter changes in neurologically intact adults: A [18F]FEOBV PET study.","volume":"2","author":"Kanel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging Brain"},{"issue":"2","key":"noi230039r62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30153-X","article-title":"New evidence on the management of Lewy body dementia.","volume":"19","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.12383","article-title":"The case for antipsychotics in dementia with Lewy bodies.","volume":"4","author":"Armstrong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"issue":"8842","key":"noi230039r64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)93004-K","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the literature or of individual patient data: is there a difference?","volume":"341","author":"Stewart","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"noi230039r65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.06.030","article-title":"Neuroanatomical and cognitive correlates of visual hallucinations in Parkinson\u2019s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies: voxel-based morphometry and neuropsychological meta-analysis.","volume":"128","author":"Pezzoli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi230039r66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181ab2b58","article-title":"Mapping of brain acetylcholinesterase alterations in Lewy body disease by PET.","volume":"73","author":"Shimada","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"noi230039r67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181d55f61","article-title":"Neurotransmitter changes in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia in vivo.","volume":"74","author":"Klein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"noi230039r68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.10.1.55","article-title":"Differential neuropsychiatric symptom responses to tacrine in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: relationship to dementia severity.","volume":"10","author":"Kaufer","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"}],"container-title":["JAMA Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaneurology\/articlepdf\/2806600\/jamaneurology_dangremont_2023_oi_230039_1691786983.64967.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T15:02:07Z","timestamp":1692025327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaneurology\/fullarticle\/2806600"}},"subtitle":["A Meta-analysis"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.1835","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6149"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6149","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]}}}