{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T06:40:15Z","timestamp":1793860815502,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) is a minimally invasive adjunctive treatment for chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). The TRUFILL n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) liquid embolic system is indicated for embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations for presurgical devascularization and may be appropriate for MMAE in patients with cSDH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate safety and effectiveness of the study device for MMAE plus standard of care vs standard of care alone in patients with cSDH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Subdural Hematomas With TRUFILL n-BCA (MEMBRANE) trial was a prospective, multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial conducted from May 27, 2021, to February 6, 2024, at 30 hospitals (28 in the United States and 2 in China). Participants aged 18 to 90 years with symptomatic cSDH and a modified Rankin Scale score of 3 or less were enrolled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Site physicians determined whether each patient required surgical or nonsurgical management. Participants in the surgical and nonsurgical cohorts were then randomized 1:1 to receive MMAE plus standard of care or standard of care alone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary effectiveness end point was residual or re-accumulation of hematoma (&amp;amp;gt;10 mm; assessed by an independent core laboratory) at 6 months or requiring a surgical procedure on the cSDH within 6 months (conducted as an intention-to-treat analysis). The primary safety end point was incidence of adverse events through 6 months (conducted as an as-treated analysis).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 376 participants (188 in MMAE plus standard of care and 188 in standard of care alone) were included. In the MMAE plus standard of care and standard of care alone groups, the mean (SD) age was 70.9 (10.6) and 70.3 (12.1) years, and 45 (23.9%) and 49 (26.1%) were female, respectively. Primary effectiveness end point events occurred in 17 of 146 participants receiving MMAE plus standard of care (11.6%) and 29 of 131 receiving standard of care alone (22.1%) (final estimate of common odds ratio: 0.53 [90% CI, 0.31-0.91];\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.04), indicating statistically significant benefit for MMAE plus standard of care vs standard of care alone. Adverse events occurred in 130 of 181 participants in the MMAE plus standard of care group (71.8%) and 124 of 190 in the standard of care alone group (65.3%) through 6 months. MMAE plus standard of care treatment was noninferior to standard of care alone based on analysis of good functional outcome at 3 months, as assessed by the modified Rankin Scale.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this randomized clinical trial, MMAE plus standard of care significantly reduced rates of recurrence and reoperation vs standard of care alone, without a significant increase in adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier,\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT04816591\">NCT04816591<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2026.1542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T15:30:48Z","timestamp":1781537448000},"page":"749","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization With n-Butyl Cyanoacrylate in Patients With Chronic Subdural Hematoma"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Christopher P.","family":"Kellner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ansaar T.","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hazem","family":"Shoirah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Visish M.","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Neurology, WellStar Health System, Marietta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Starke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fawaz","family":"Al-Mufti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles C.","family":"Matouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, John Muir Health, Walnut Creek, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieqing","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Brain Injury Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Liptrap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parita","family":"Bhuva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Stroke Institute, Dallas-Fort Worth"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Grandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Cerejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse J.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Cherian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingrong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Kaminsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles J.","family":"Prestigiacomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Orru\u2019","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurointerventional Radiology, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Stroke Program, Bon Secours Mercy Health St Vincent Hospital, Toledo, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Howington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Institute of Savannah, Savannah, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avery","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tapan","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SoHyun","family":"Boo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ira","family":"Finch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, John Muir Health, Walnut Creek, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Chitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahram","family":"Majidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian T.","family":"Jankowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JFK University Medical Center, Edison, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"MEMBRANE Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Budzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael F.","family":"Stiefel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitri","family":"Sigounas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Hellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Hauck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bharathidasan","family":"Jagadeesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Hanel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Coon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Elijovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phong","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Czaplicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reade","family":"De Leacy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Fifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyoshi","family":"Shigematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael Travis","family":"Caton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Rapoport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Lock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Oxley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pouria","family":"Moshayedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krisztina","family":"Moldovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Yanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Baggette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osama","family":"Zaidat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parker","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Nesbit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Priest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Laursen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonesh","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Rewinkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lockwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Bagley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hormozd","family":"Bozorgchami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aclan","family":"Dogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Candice","family":"Kam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Horikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Munger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chirag","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gurmeen","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Santarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Shapiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haris","family":"Kamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Pema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirav","family":"Vora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulnasser","family":"Alhajeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osman","family":"Mir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jazba","family":"Soomro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bizhan","family":"Aarabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Jindal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Pace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Passer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoher","family":"Ghogawala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Wakhloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Harrigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Schuette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Pukenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan-Karl","family":"Burkhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Humphries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Khaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Hebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Atchie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Don","family":"Frei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Bellon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karol","family":"Budohoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Rennert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Karsy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Kilburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adib","family":"Abla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Kellogg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Ollenschleger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Sussman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Akli Zetchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Cavalcanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inam","family":"Kureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smit","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kent","family":"Kilbourn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan","family":"Andries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Cutler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Grossman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peyman","family":"Shirani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon","family":"Foreman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Zuccarello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Grande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ira","family":"Finch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Sauvageau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Aghaebrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Arthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Hoit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Nickele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nickalus","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Violiza","family":"Inoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayden","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Khattar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhageeradgh","family":"Mulpur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Zamora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenghao","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaohua","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiong","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongming","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaofeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyuan","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shijie","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zong","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiping","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the MEMBRANE Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"key":"noi260032r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1764359","article-title":"Factors associated with recurrence in chronic subdural hematoma following surgery.","volume":"14","author":"Buakate","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Health Allied Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"noi260032r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2016.11.010","article-title":"Management of recurrent subdural hematomas.","volume":"28","author":"Desai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"key":"noi260032r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.560269","article-title":"Risk of recurrence of chronic subdural hematomas after surgery: a multicenter observational cohort study.","volume":"11","author":"Cofano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi260032r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1136\/jnis-2024-021686","article-title":"Population-based estimates suggest middle meningeal artery embolization for subdural hematomas could significantly expand the scope of neurovascular therapies.","volume":"17","author":"Rai","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"noi260032r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1136\/jnis-2025-023109","article-title":"Rising tide of middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematomas: current volumes and future growth compared with cerebral aneurysm and stroke interventions.","volume":"18","author":"Rai","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"issue":"20","key":"noi260032r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2313472","article-title":"Adjunctive middle meningeal artery embolization for subdural hematoma.","volume":"391","author":"Davies","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"noi260032r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2401201","article-title":"Middle meningeal artery embolization for nonacute subdural hematoma.","volume":"391","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"noi260032r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2409845","article-title":"Embolization of the middle meningeal artery for chronic subdural hematoma.","volume":"392","author":"Fiorella","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"noi260032r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.7583","article-title":"Meningeal embolization for preventing chronic subdural hematoma recurrence after surgery: the EMPROTECT randomized clinical trial.","volume":"334","author":"Shotar","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi260032r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/SVIN.125.001828","article-title":"Middle meningeal artery embolization with n-butyl cyanoacrylate for the treatment of subdural hematomas: the MEMBRANE study design.","volume":"5","author":"Kellner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Interv Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"noi260032r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017170053","article-title":"Middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematoma.","volume":"286","author":"Ban","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi260032r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.8.JNS16134","article-title":"The management and outcome for patients with chronic subdural hematoma: a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study in the United Kingdom.","volume":"127","author":"Brennan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"noi260032r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inat.2018.12.011","article-title":"The outcome after surgical vs nonsurgical treatment of chronic subdural hematoma with dexamethasone.","volume":"16","author":"Fountas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi260032r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.3737","article-title":"Rates of repeated operation for isolated subdural hematoma among older adults.","volume":"1","author":"Knopman","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"noi260032r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyy521","article-title":"Middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematoma: a series of 60 cases.","volume":"85","author":"Link","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"7","key":"noi260032r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2019-015421","article-title":"Middle meningeal artery embolization as an adjuvant treatment to surgery for symptomatic chronic subdural hematoma: a pilot study assessing hematoma volume resorption.","volume":"12","author":"Ng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"key":"noi260032r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.161788","article-title":"Chronic subdural hematoma: surgical management and outcome in 986 cases: a classification and regression tree approach.","volume":"6","author":"Rovlias","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"noi260032r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2020-016048","article-title":"Middle meningeal artery embolization reduces the post-operative recurrence rate of at-risk chronic subdural hematoma.","volume":"12","author":"Shotar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"noi260032r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1093\/neurosurgery\/58.3.vi","article-title":"Surgical management of acute subdural hematomas.","volume":"58","author":"Bullock","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"noi260032r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2021-017458","article-title":"Embolization of the middle meningeal artery for the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma: considerations for pragmatic trial design.","volume":"13","author":"Fiorella","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"noi260032r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2019-014730","article-title":"Middle meningeal artery embolization for the management of chronic subdural hematoma.","volume":"11","author":"Fiorella","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"key":"noi260032r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.557233","article-title":"Middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematoma.","volume":"11","author":"Catapano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"noi260032r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.01.069","article-title":"Middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematoma\u2014a new treatment paradigm?","volume":"172","author":"Henry","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"9","key":"noi260032r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12092060","article-title":"Controversies in the surgical treatment of chronic subdural hematoma: a systematic scoping review.","volume":"12","author":"Solou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"noi260032r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21514593241280912","article-title":"Risk factors for loss to follow-up of elderly patients after hip fracture surgery: a retrospective cohort study.","author":"Rui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil"}],"container-title":["JAMA Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaneurology\/articlepdf\/2850381\/jamaneurology_kellner_2026_oi_260032_1786107796.23799.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T15:00:28Z","timestamp":1786374028000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaneurology\/fullarticle\/2850381"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2026.1542","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6149"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6149","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]}}}