{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T08:24:37Z","timestamp":1792484677840,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-cbr220031-4\">\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has improved the survival of patients with advanced melanoma. Durable responses are observed for 40% to 60% of patients, depending on treatment regimens. However, there is still large variability in the response to treatment with ICB, and patients experience a range of immune-related adverse events of differing severity. Nutrition, through its association with the immune system and gut microbiome, is a poorly explored but appealing target with potential to improve the efficacy and tolerability of ICB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-cbr220031-5\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the association between habitual diet and response to treatment with ICB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-cbr220031-6\">\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicenter cohort study (the PRIMM study) was conducted in cancer centers in the Netherlands and  UK and included 91 ICB-naive patients with advanced melanoma who were receiving ICB between 2018 and 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-cbr220031-7\">\n                    <jats:title>Exposures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients were treated with anti\u2013programmed cell death 1 and anti\u2013cytotoxic T lymphocyte\u2013associated antigen 4 monotherapy or combination therapy. Dietary intake was assessed through food frequency questionnaires before treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-cbr220031-8\">\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical end points were defined as overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival at 12 months (PFS-12), and immune-related adverse events that were grade 2 or higher.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-cbr220031-9\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were a total of 44 Dutch participants (mean [SD] age, 59.43 [12.74] years; 22 women [50%]) and 47 British participants (mean [SD] age, 66.21 [16.63] years; 15 women [32%]). Dietary and clinical data were prospectively collected from 91 patients receiving ICB between 2018 and 2021 for advanced melanoma in the UK and the Netherlands. Logistic generalized additive models revealed positive linear associations between a Mediterranean dietary pattern that was high in whole grains, fish, nuts, fruit, and vegetables and the probability of ORR and PFS-12 (probability of 0.77 for ORR;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.02; false discovery rate, 0.032; effective degrees of freedom, 0.83; probability of 0.74 for PFS-12;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.01; false discovery rate, 0.021; effective degrees of freedom, 1.54).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-cbr220031-10\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cohort study found a positive association between a Mediterranean diet, a widely recommended model of healthy eating, and response to treatment with ICB. Large prospective studies from different geographies are needed to confirm the findings and further elucidate the role of diet in the context of ICB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2022.7753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T11:00:50Z","timestamp":1676545250000},"page":"705","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Association of a Mediterranean Diet With Outcomes for Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Blockade for Advanced Melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Laura A.","family":"Bolte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karla A.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King\u2019s College London, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes R.","family":"Bj\u00f6rk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily R.","family":"Leeming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King\u2019s College London, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjo J. E.","family":"Campmans-Kuijpers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacco J.","family":"de Haan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnau Vich","family":"Vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Maltez-Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Segata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"},{"name":"European Institute of Oncology, IRCSS, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Board","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Fulwood, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Harries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Guys Cancer Centre, Guys, and St Thomas\u2019s NHS Trust, London, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Lorigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth G. 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