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With recent approval of osimertinib in this context, a focus on the rapidly evolving scenario and future perspective in clinical practice is needed and was the aim of the current review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-crv230003-2\"><jats:title>Observations<\/jats:title><jats:p>Randomized phase 3 clinical trials demonstrated DFS benefit with adjuvant EGFR TKI therapy in patients with resected <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic> mutation\u2013positive NSCLC. The most recent trial (ADAURA) assessed 3-year adjuvant osimertinib and showed consistent DFS benefit and a significant role of the intervention in preventing the occurrence of brain metastasis. However, the role of adjuvant chemotherapy, the appropriate duration of treatment, the management of disease relapse, and the effective cure rate remain undetermined. A deeper investigation on molecular biomarkers, covariant patterns, and dynamic monitoring of postsurgical circulating DNA would be helpful for the implementation of future strategies to further improve survival rates after adjuvant therapy for <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic> mutation\u2013positive NSCLC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-crv230003-3\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adjuvant osimertinib revolutionized the treatment algorithm for patients with stage IB-IIIA resected <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic> mutation\u2013positive NSCLC. 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