{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T19:39:05Z","timestamp":1767382745298},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>While the characteristics of COVID-19 infection and mortality among patients with a malignant neoplasm have previously been examined, little data are available for gender-specific COVID-19 mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To examine the gender-specific COVID-19 case fatality risks among patients with a malignant neoplasm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>In this cohort study using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project\u2019s National Inpatient Sample, patients admitted to the hospital from April to December 2020 with a diagnosis of COVID-19 infection were identified by the World Health Organization\u2019s International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision<\/jats:italic> code U07.1. Data analysis was performed from November 2022 to January 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Exposure<\/jats:title>Diagnosis of malignant neoplasm, identified and classified according to the National Cancer Institute\u2019s definition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Main Outcome and Measure<\/jats:title>COVID-19 in-hospital case fatality rate, defined as the number of deaths that occurred during index hospital admissions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>There were 1\u202f622\u202f755 patients who were admitted to the hospital from April 1 to December 31, 2020, with a diagnosis of COVID-19. The cohort-level COVID-19 in-hospital case fatality rate was 12.9% with a median time to death of 5 days (IQR, 2-11 days). Frequently reported morbidities among the patients with COVID-19 included pneumonia (74.3%), respiratory failure (52.9%), cardiac arrythmia or cardiac arrest (29.3%), acute kidney injury (28.0%), sepsis (24.6%), shock (8.6%), cerebrovascular accident (5.2%), and venous thromboembolism or pulmonary embolism (5.0%). In a multivariable analysis, gender (male vs female, 14.5% vs 11.2%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.28; 95% CI, 1.27-1.30) and malignant neoplasm (17.9% vs 12.7%; aOR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.27-1.32) were both associated with increased COVID-19 in-hospital case fatality risk at the cohort level. Among the group of female patients, there were 5 malignant neoplasms in which the COVID-19 in-hospital case fatality risk was greater than 2-fold higher. These included anal cancer (23.8%; aOR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.84-4.69), Hodgkin lymphoma (19.5%; aOR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.90-4.08), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (22.4%; aOR, 2.23; 95% CI, 2.02-2.47), lung cancer (24.3%; aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 2.03-2.39), and ovarian cancer (19.4%; aOR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.79-2.59). Among the group of male patients, Kaposi sarcoma (33.3%; aOR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.18-3.66) and malignant neoplasm in the small intestine (28.6%; aOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.18-3.53) had a greater than 2-fold increased COVID-19 in-hospital case mortality risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>The results of this cohort study confirmed the substantial case fatality rate among patients with COVID-19 in the early pandemic experience in 2020 in the US. While COVID-19 in-hospital case fatality risks were lower among women compared with men, the associations of a concurrent malignant neoplasm with the COVID-19 case fatality were overall more substantial for women than for men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2023.0768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T15:37:17Z","timestamp":1682609837000},"page":"1113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Assessment of Gender-Specific COVID-19 Case Fatality Risk per Malignant Neoplasm Type"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Koji","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles"},{"name":"Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel 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