{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T14:43:40Z","timestamp":1794321820813,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>Lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers are important contributors to cancer burden worldwide, and a comprehensive evaluation of their burden globally, regionally, and nationally is crucial for effective policy planning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To analyze the total and risk-attributable burden of lip and oral cavity cancer (LOC) and other pharyngeal cancer (OPC) for 204 countries and territories and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) using 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study estimates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Evidence Review<\/jats:title>The incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to LOC and OPC from 1990 to 2019 were estimated using GBD 2019 methods. The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate the proportion of deaths and DALYs for LOC and OPC attributable to smoking, tobacco, and alcohol consumption in 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Findings<\/jats:title>In 2019, 370\u202f000 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 338\u202f000-401\u202f000) cases and 199\u202f000 (95% UI, 181\u202f000-217\u202f000) deaths for LOC and 167\u202f000 (95% UI, 153\u202f000-180\u202f000) cases and 114\u202f000 (95% UI, 103\u202f000-126\u202f000) deaths for OPC were estimated to occur globally, contributing 5.5 million (95% UI, 5.0-6.0 million) and 3.2 million (95% UI, 2.9-3.6 million) DALYs, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, low-middle and low SDI regions consistently showed the highest age-standardized mortality rates due to LOC and OPC, while the high SDI strata exhibited age-standardized incidence rates decreasing for LOC and increasing for OPC. Globally in 2019, smoking had the greatest contribution to risk-attributable OPC deaths for both sexes (55.8% [95% UI, 49.2%-62.0%] of all OPC deaths in male individuals and 17.4% [95% UI, 13.8%-21.2%] of all OPC deaths in female individuals). Smoking and alcohol both contributed to substantial LOC deaths globally among male individuals (42.3% [95% UI, 35.2%-48.6%] and 40.2% [95% UI, 33.3%-46.8%] of all risk-attributable cancer deaths, respectively), while chewing tobacco contributed to the greatest attributable LOC deaths among female individuals (27.6% [95% UI, 21.5%-33.8%]), driven by high risk-attributable burden in South and Southeast Asia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>In this systematic analysis, disparities in LOC and OPC burden existed across the SDI spectrum, and a considerable percentage of burden was attributable to tobacco and alcohol use. These estimates can contribute to an understanding of the distribution and disparities in LOC and OPC burden globally and support cancer control planning efforts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2023.2960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T11:32:29Z","timestamp":1694086349000},"page":"1401","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":186,"title":["The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Adult Lip, Oral, and Pharyngeal Cancer in 204 Countries and Territories"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"9","author":[{"name":"GBD 2019 Lip, Oral, and Pharyngeal Cancer Collaborators","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda Ramos da","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Compton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rixing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Data and Tooling, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark Thomas","family":"Drangsholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Oral Medicine Clinic, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose Leopoldo Ferreira","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander R.","family":"Kerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology, and Medicine, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alistair R.","family":"Acheson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsey E.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Kocarnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijia","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frances E.","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, Berkeley"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyssa","family":"Pennini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah Jacqueline","family":"Henrikson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahiya","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emad","family":"Ababneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherief","family":"Abd-Elsalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meriem","family":"Abdoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Setif Algeria, Setif, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Abidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Technology Sciences Department, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiwa","family":"Abubaker Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Banking and Finance, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman","family":"Abu-Gharbieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tigist Demssew","family":"Adane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Psychosocial Epidemiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac Yeboah","family":"Addo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Quality and Systems Performance Unit, Cancer Institute NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aqeel","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sajjad","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarik","family":"Ahmed Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxwell","family":"Akonde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanadi","family":"Al Hamad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric and Long Term Care Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"},{"name":"Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fares","family":"Alahdab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence-Based Practice Center Program, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef","family":"Alimohamadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vahid","family":"Alipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Health Economics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadeq Ali","family":"Al-Maweri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ubai","family":"Alsharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dortmund Clinic, Dortmund, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Ansari-Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumadi Lukman","family":"Anwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anayochukwu Edward","family":"Anyasodor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jalal","family":"Arabloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandr Y.","family":"Aravkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael Taiwo","family":"Aruleba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malke","family":"Asaad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas, Houston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahira","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyyed Shamsadin","family":"Athari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameh","family":"Attia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Azadnajafabad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Azangou-Khyavy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Badar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayereh","family":"Baghcheghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Banach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Polish Mothers\u2019 Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mainak","family":"Bardhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiba Jawdat","family":"Barqawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasir Z.","family":"Bashir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azadeh","family":"Bashiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Information Management, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habib","family":"Benzian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Bernabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devidas S.","family":"Bhagat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Chemistry, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Aurangabad, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijayalakshmi S.","family":"Bhojaraja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Medical, University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tone","family":"Bj\u00f8rge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souad","family":"Bouaoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University Ferhat Abbas of Setif, Setif, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Saadna Abdenour, Setif, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dejana","family":"Braithwaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville"},{"name":"Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolay Ivanovich","family":"Briko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Calina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Carreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Promit Ananyo","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay Kumar","family":"Chattu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi, India"},{"name":"Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akhilanand","family":"Chaurasia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, King George\u2019s Medical University, Lucknow, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng Xuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William C. S.","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinh-Toi","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac Sunday","family":"Chukwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunice","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Cruz-Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Therapeutic and Diagnostic Technologies, Polytechnic and University Higher Education Cooperative, Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omid","family":"Dadras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Section Global Health and Rehabilitation, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochen","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lalit","family":"Dandona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India"},{"name":"Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakhi","family":"Dandona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parnaz","family":"Daneshpajouhnejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aso Mohammad","family":"Darwesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sisay Abebe","family":"Debela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Salale University, Fiche, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meseret","family":"Derbew Molla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fikadu Nugusu","family":"Dessalegn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Madda Walabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Dianati-Nasab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lankamo Ena","family":"Digesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comprehensive Nursing, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilpi Gupta","family":"Dixit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhinav","family":"Dixit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirin","family":"Djalalinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Development of Research and Technology Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman","family":"El Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Statistics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maha","family":"El Tantawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Berhanie","family":"Enyew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Informatics, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Asfaw","family":"Erku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Applied Health Economics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rana","family":"Ezzeddini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeniyi Francis","family":"Fagbamigbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria"},{"name":"The Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Falzone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, National Cancer Institute IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Getahun","family":"Fetensa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Fukumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piyada","family":"Gaewkhiew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Thailand"},{"name":"Population and Patient Health Group, King\u2019s College London, London, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvano","family":"Gallus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mesfin","family":"Gebrehiwot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Ghashghaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paramjit Singh","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahaveer","family":"Golechha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pouya","family":"Goleij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo Santiago","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Gorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncological Network, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre Luiz Sena","family":"Guimaraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhawna","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sapna","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Department, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veer Bala","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek Kumar","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arvin","family":"Haj-Mirzaian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Obesity Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esam S.","family":"Halboub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"School of Dentistry, Sana\u2019a University, Sana\u2019a, Yemen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabih","family":"Halwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asif","family":"Hanif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ninuk","family":"Hariyani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia"},{"name":"Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Harorani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamidreza","family":"Hasani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbas M.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas, Houston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soheil","family":"Hassanipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"},{"name":"Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Bheser","family":"Hassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"National Data Management Center for Health (NDMC), Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon I.","family":"Hay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khezar","family":"Hayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda Yuliana","family":"Herrera-Serna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health, Faculty of Health, Autonomous University of Manizales, Manizales, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Holla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Horita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan"},{"name":"National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Hosseinzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salman","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olayinka Stephen","family":"Ilesanmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irena M.","family":"Ilic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena D.","family":"Ilic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Isola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Jaiswal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chinmay T.","family":"Jani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahereh","family":"Javaheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Informatics Lab, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umesh","family":"Jayarajah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shubha","family":"Jayaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Mysuru, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vidya","family":"Kadashetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eswar","family":"Kandaswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shama D.","family":"Karanth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibraheem M.","family":"Karaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Professions and Human Services, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joonas H.","family":"Kauppila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harkiran","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Keykhaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Students\u2019 Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef Saleh","family":"Khader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himanshu","family":"Khajuria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javad","family":"Khanali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahalaqua Nazli","family":"Khatib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Consortium for Public Health Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid Reza","family":"Khayat Kashani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Amin","family":"Khazeei Tabari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"},{"name":"MAZUMS Office, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min Seo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genomics and Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Seoul, South Korea"},{"name":"Public Health Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Wando, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzad","family":"Kompani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid Reza","family":"Koohestani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. Anil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Om P.","family":"Kurmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, England, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"La Vecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dharmesh Kumar","family":"Lal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Landires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Genetics and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama"},{"name":"Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savita","family":"Lasrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Ledda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yo Han","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Libra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen S.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Listl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Translational Health Economics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Platon D.","family":"Lopukhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad R.","family":"Mafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashidul Alam","family":"Mahumud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Azam","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan"},{"name":"Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manu Raj","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy Research, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India"},{"name":"Institute of Population Health Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sazan Qadir","family":"Maulud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jitendra Kumar","family":"Meena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Entezar","family":"Mehrabi Nasab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomislav","family":"Mestrovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Mirfakhraie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awoke","family":"Misganaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"National Data Management Center for Health, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjeev","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasanna","family":"Mithra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mokhtar","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esmaeil","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali H.","family":"Mokdad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Ali","family":"Moni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Moraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane Douglas","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid Reza","family":"Mozaffari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumaira","family":"Mubarik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J. L.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tapas Sadasivan","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Workforce Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sreenivas","family":"Narasimha Swamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Government Medical College, Mysore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna Ichalangod","family":"Narayana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Nassereldine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuhair S.","family":"Natto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biswa Prakash","family":"Nayak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serban Mircea","family":"Negru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruna Asura","family":"Nggada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Human Pathology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasti","family":"Nouraei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Nu\u00f1ez-Samudio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Microbiology and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bogdan","family":"Oancea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Economics and Quantitative Analysis, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew T.","family":"Olagunju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Clinical Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Omar Bali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diplomacy and Public Relations Department, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Padron-Monedero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jagadish Rao","family":"Padubidri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anamika","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahina","family":"Pardhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Governance Programme, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom"},{"name":"School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Pezzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Associazione Italiana Ricerca Oncologica di Base (AIROB), Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra Zahid","family":"Piracha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center of Medical Sciences Research, Islamabad, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navid","family":"Rabiee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkatraman","family":"Radhakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raghu Anekal","family":"Radhakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir Masoud","family":"Rahmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vahid","family":"Rahmanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat Jam, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chythra R.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sowmya J.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shimogga, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goura Kishor","family":"Rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David Laith","family":"Rawaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, England, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Inovus Medical, St Helens, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salman","family":"Rawaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, England, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Academic Public Health England, Public Health England, London, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Rawassizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, College of Arts & Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Sadegh","family":"Razeghinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazila","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Negar","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nima","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aziz","family":"Rezapour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abanoub","family":"Riad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Czech National Centre for Evidence-based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esperanza","family":"Romero-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Epidemiological Research in Primary Care (GICEAP), Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gholamreza","family":"Roshandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manjula","family":"S.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandan","family":"S. N.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basema","family":"Saddik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Saeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umar","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center of Medical Sciences Research, Islamabad, Pakistan"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Laboratory Foundation University School of Health Sciences (FUSH), Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Safaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Dental Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Sahebazzamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran"},{"name":"Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirhossein","family":"Sahebkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"},{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Salek Farrokhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdallah M.","family":"Samy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"},{"name":"Medical Ain Shams Research Institute (MARSI), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena M.","family":"Santric-Milicevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brijesh","family":"Sathian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric and Long Term Care Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maheswar","family":"Satpathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UGC Centre of Advanced Study in Psychology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India"},{"name":"Udyam-Global Association for Sustainable Development, Bhubaneswar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"\u0160ekerija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Statistics, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Prevention of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subramanian","family":"Senthilkumaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Manian Medical Centre, Erode, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allen","family":"Seylani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omid","family":"Shafaat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Interventional Neuroradiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid R.","family":"Shahsavari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erfan","family":"Shamsoddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Non-Communicable Diseases Committee, National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mequannent Melaku","family":"Sharew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javad","family":"Sharifi-Rad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeevan K.","family":"Shetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. M.","family":"Shivakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parnian","family":"Shobeiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Department of International Studies, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Afshin","family":"Shorofi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Nasibeh School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"},{"name":"College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudeep K.","family":"Siddappa Malleshappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology-Oncology, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paramdeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasvinder A.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garima","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India"},{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhirendra Narain","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Preventive Oncology, Patna, India"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Healis Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, Mumbai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonatan","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Suleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Mingora, Pakistan"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rizwan","family":"Suliankatchi Abdulkader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasaman","family":"Taheri Abkenar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman M.","family":"Talaat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Pathology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ker-Kan","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelghani","family":"Tbakhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Therapy and Applied Genomics, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arulmani","family":"Thiyagarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Tiyuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos Roberto","family":"Tovani-Palone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India"},{"name":"Modestum LTD, Eastbourne, England, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhaskaran","family":"Unnikrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bay","family":"Vo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona Ruxandra","family":"Volovat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T Popa\u201d Ia\u015fi, Ia\u015fi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, Ia\u015fi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronny","family":"Westerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center of Mortality-Follow-Up of the German National Cohort, Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuwan Darshana","family":"Wickramasinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China"},{"name":"Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanhua","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deniz","family":"Yuce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismaeel","family":"Yunusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesna","family":"Zadnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Cancer Registry Sector, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman","family":"Zare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Department, Sina Medical Biochemistry Technologies, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Jiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Zoladl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Force","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle"},{"name":"Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando N.","family":"Hugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"coi230040r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.6987","article-title":"Cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years for 29 cancer groups from 2010 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.","volume":"8","author":"Kocarnik","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"coi230040r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2017.03.006","article-title":"Quality of life in survivors of oropharyngeal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 1366 patients.","volume":"78","author":"H\u00f8xbroe Michaelsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"24","key":"coi230040r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djr483","article-title":"Preventable exposures associated with human cancers.","volume":"103","author":"Cogliano","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"1","key":"coi230040r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6071","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19822-6","article-title":"A multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis investigating smoking and alcohol consumption in oral and oropharyngeal cancer.","volume":"11","author":"Gormley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"coi230040r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2017009","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco (paan and gutkha) consumption, prevalence, and contribution to oral cancer.","volume":"39","author":"Niaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiol Health"},{"key":"coi230040r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-012-0377-0","article-title":"Epidemiology and clinical aspects of HPV in head and neck cancers.","volume":"6","author":"Chaturvedi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"issue":"9","key":"coi230040r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.v140.9","article-title":"Geographic heterogeneity in the prevalence of human papillomavirus in head and neck cancer.","volume":"140","author":"Anantharaman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"10258","key":"coi230040r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.","volume":"396","author":"Vos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"coi230040r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.v40.2-3","article-title":"Global and regional burdens of oral cancer from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study.","volume":"40","author":"Ren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Commun (Lond)"},{"issue":"2","key":"coi230040r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034519894963","article-title":"Incidence trends of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers: Global Burden of Disease 1990-2017.","volume":"99","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"coi230040r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.104551","article-title":"Global patterns and trends in cancers of the lip, tongue and mouth.","volume":"102","author":"Miranda-Filho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"issue":"10258","key":"coi230040r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2","article-title":"Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.","volume":"396","author":"Murray","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10062","key":"coi230040r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30388-9","article-title":"Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting: the GATHER statement.","volume":"388","author":"Stevens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"coi230040r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7954-8-9","article-title":"Algorithms for enhancing public health utility of national causes-of-death data.","volume":"8","author":"Naghavi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Popul Health Metr"},{"issue":"1","key":"coi230040r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7954-10-1","article-title":"Modeling causes of death: an integrated approach using CODEm.","volume":"10","author":"Foreman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Popul Health Metr"},{"issue":"8","key":"coi230040r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1097-0215","article-title":"Survival of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in relation to human papillomavirus infection: review and meta-analysis.","volume":"121","author":"Ragin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"coi230040r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-022-00603-7","article-title":"HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer: epidemiology, molecular biology and clinical management.","volume":"19","author":"Lechner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"coi230040r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102592","article-title":"The association of smoking and outcomes in HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer: a systematic review.","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"coi230040r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2018.2716","article-title":"Association of treatment delays with survival for patients with head and neck cancer: a systematic review.","volume":"145","author":"Graboyes","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"coi230040r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2182","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.v38.S1","article-title":"Early oral cancer diagnosis: the Aarhus statement perspective: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"38","author":"Seoane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"issue":"10296","key":"coi230040r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01404-5","article-title":"The WHO global strategy for oral health: an opportunity for bold action.","volume":"398","author":"Benzian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"coi230040r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1177\/2380084421997095","article-title":"The role of research in the WHO oral health resolution.","volume":"6","author":"Varenne","year":"2021","journal-title":"JDR Clin Trans Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"coi230040r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.19.247288","article-title":"Universal health coverage, oral health, equity and personal responsibility.","volume":"98","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"2","key":"coi230040r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-01210-8","article-title":"The effects of tobacco control policies on global smoking prevalence.","volume":"27","author":"Flor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"10292","key":"coi230040r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01169-7","article-title":"Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.","volume":"397","author":"Reitsma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"coi230040r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e482","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00065-7","article-title":"Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of chewing tobacco use in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.","volume":"6","author":"Kendrick","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"coi230040r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e208","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30084-1","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco control in 180 countries across the globe: call to action for full implementation of WHO FCTC measures.","volume":"20","author":"Mehrotra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"10152","key":"coi230040r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31310-2","article-title":"Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.","volume":"392","author":"Griswold","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"coi230040r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2849","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-019-02958-1","article-title":"The synergistic effect of tobacco and alcohol consumption on oral squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"23","author":"Mello","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"4","key":"coi230040r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2013.12.015","article-title":"Alcohol drinking and upper aerodigestive tract cancer mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"50","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"coi230040r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2018.922","article-title":"The changing epidemiology of oral cancer: definitions, trends, and risk factors.","volume":"225","author":"Conway","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"issue":"4","key":"coi230040r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.1713","article-title":"Incidence trends for human papillomavirus-related and -unrelated oral squamous cell carcinomas in the United States.","volume":"26","author":"Chaturvedi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"coi230040r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0000000000000115","article-title":"Prevalence of human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal cancer: a systematic review.","volume":"21","author":"Stein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer J"},{"key":"coi230040r31","volume-title":"WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control","year":"2003"},{"key":"coi230040r2","unstructured":"Cancer survival in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and Central America (SurvCan). Accessed July 17, 2023. https:\/\/survcan.iarc.fr\/"},{"key":"coi230040r4","unstructured":"Agents classified by the IARC monographs, volumes 1-132. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Accessed July 17, 2023. https:\/\/monographs.iarc.who.int\/agents-classified-by-the-iarc\/"},{"key":"coi230040r11","unstructured":"WHO methods and data sources for country-level causes of death 2000-2016. World Health Organization. March 2018. Accessed July 17, 2023. https:\/\/terrance.who.int\/mediacentre\/data\/ghe\/GlobalCOD_method_2000_2016.pdf"},{"key":"coi230040r15","unstructured":"Seventy-fourth World Health Assembly: Geneva, 24 May-1 June 2021: resolutions and decisions, Annexes. World Health Organization. Accessed July 17, 2023. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/352594."},{"key":"coi230040r18","unstructured":"Protocol for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD). Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. March 2020. Accessed July 24, 2023. https:\/\/www.healthdata.org\/research-analysis\/about-gbd\/protocol"},{"key":"coi230040r26","unstructured":"Seventy-fifth World Health Assembly: provisional agenda item 14.1: follow-up to the political declaration of the third high-level meeting of the General Assembly on the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. World Health Organization. April 27, 2022. Accessed July 17, 2023. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/gb\/ebwha\/pdf_files\/WHA75\/A75_10Add1-en.pdf"},{"key":"coi230040r27","unstructured":"WHO Discussion Paper: draft updated appendix 3 of the WHO Global NCDs action plan 2013-2030. World Health Organization. June 8, 2022. Accessed July 17, 2023. https:\/\/cdn.who.int\/media\/docs\/default-source\/ncds\/mnd\/2022_discussion_paper_final.pdf?sfvrsn=78343686_7."}],"container-title":["JAMA Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaoncology\/articlepdf\/2809272\/jamaoncology_cunha_2023_oi_230040_1697125876.64238.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T11:06:58Z","timestamp":1697713618000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaoncology\/fullarticle\/2809272"}},"subtitle":["A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2023.2960","relation":{},"ISSN":["2374-2437"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2374-2437","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]}}}