{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:37:03Z","timestamp":1793504223500,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":201,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-csc240003-1\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evidence-based treatment decisions for advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) require individualized patient-centered decision-making that accounts for patient and cancer characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-csc240003-2\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To create an accessible guidance document to educate clinicians and patients on biomarkers informing prognosis and treatment in unresectable or metastatic GEP-NENs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-csc240003-3\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A multidisciplinary panel in-person workshop was convened to define methods. English language articles published from January 2016 to January 2023 in PubMed (MEDLINE) and relevant conference abstracts were reviewed to investigate prognostic and treatment-informing features in unresectable or metastatic GEP-NENs. Data from included studies were used to form evidence-based recommendations. Quality of evidence and strength of recommendations were determined using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations framework. Consensus was reached via electronic survey following a modified Delphi method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-csc240003-4\"><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 131 publications were identified, including 8 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 6 randomized clinical trials, 29 prospective studies, and 88 retrospective cohort studies. After 2 rounds of surveys, 24 recommendations and 5 good clinical practice statements were developed, with full consensus among panelists. Recommendations focused on tumor and functional imaging characteristics, blood-based biomarkers, and carcinoid heart disease. A single strong recommendation was made for symptomatic carcinoid syndrome informing treatment in midgut neuroendocrine tumors. Conditional recommendations were made to use grade, morphology, primary site, and urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic levels to inform treatment. The guidance document was endorsed by the Commonwealth Neuroendocrine Tumour Collaboration and the North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-csc240003-5\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study results suggest that select factors have sufficient evidence to inform care in GEP-NENs, but the evidence for most biomarkers is weak. This article may help guide management and identify gaps for future research to advance personalized medicine and improve outcomes for patients with GEP-NENs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2024.4330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T15:32:30Z","timestamp":1727969550000},"page":"1707","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Biomarkers to Inform Prognosis and Treatment for Unresectable or Metastatic GEP-NENs"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Loree","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BC Cancer, Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"ENETS Centre of Excellence, Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Stuart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia and BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Fidelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Koea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Te Whatu Ora Waitemata and the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Posavad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Neuroendocrine Tumours Society, Cornwall, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith","family":"Cummins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroendocrine Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Doucette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Impact Medicom Inc, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sten","family":"Myrehaug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Naraev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampa General Hospital Cancer Institute, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dale L.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Bellizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Laidley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Tamaki Makaurau, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Goodwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaydi","family":"del Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Therapeutics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NET Unit and ENETS Centre of Excellence, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Medical Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janice","family":"Pasieka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of General Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simron","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Center, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"csc240003r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.0589","article-title":"Trends in the incidence, prevalence, and survival outcomes in patients with neuroendocrine tumors in the United States.","volume":"3","author":"Dasari","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29099","article-title":"Exploring the rising incidence of neuroendocrine tumors: a population-based analysis of epidemiology, metastatic presentation, and outcomes.","volume":"121","author":"Hallet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23549","article-title":"Prognostic relevance of a novel TNM classification system for upper gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"113","author":"Pape","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1677\/ERC-09-0042","article-title":"Midgut neuroendocrine tumours with liver metastases: results of the UKINETS study.","volume":"16","author":"Ahmed","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.156","article-title":"A comparison of Ki-67 and mitotic count as prognostic markers for metastatic pancreatic and midgut neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"108","author":"Khan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2017-0364","article-title":"Neuroendocrine tumor heterogeneity adds uncertainty to the World Health Organization 2010 classification: real-world data from the Spanish Tumor Registry (R-GETNE).","volume":"23","author":"Nu\u00f1ez-Valdovinos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"10","key":"csc240003r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs208","article-title":"TNM staging of neoplasms of the endocrine pancreas: results from a large international cohort study.","volume":"104","author":"Rindi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq022","article-title":"Incidence, patterns of care and prognostic factors for outcome of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs): results from the National Cancer Registry of Spain (RGETNE).","volume":"21","author":"Garcia-Carbonero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"csc240003r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2022.03.007","article-title":"The European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society registry, a tool to assess the prognosis of neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"168","author":"Borbath","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2015-203340","article-title":"The assessment of Ki-67 as a prognostic marker in neuroendocrine tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"69","author":"Richards-Taylor","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2022.07.014","article-title":"Reliability of grading preoperative pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors on EUS specimens: a systematic review with meta-analysis of aggregate and individual data.","volume":"96","author":"Tacelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-022-01055-1","article-title":"Ki-67 assessment of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: systematic review and meta-analysis of manual vs. digital pathology scoring.","volume":"35","author":"Luchini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"csc240003r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1159\/000439434","article-title":"Grade increases in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor metastases compared to the primary tumor.","volume":"103","author":"Grillo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"11","key":"csc240003r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2014.06.016","article-title":"Variability of Ki67 labeling index in multiple neuroendocrine tumors specimens over the course of the disease.","volume":"40","author":"Singh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13018","article-title":"Increase of Ki-67 index and influence on mortality in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"33","author":"Holmager","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179445","article-title":"Impact of Ki67 re-assessment at time of disease progression in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"12","author":"Panzuto","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"csc240003r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R121","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-20-0473","article-title":"Changing biological behaviour of NETs during the evolution of the disease: progress on progression.","volume":"28","author":"Alexandraki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"csc240003r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1159\/000504392","article-title":"High-grade progression confers poor survival in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"110","author":"Botling","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"8","key":"csc240003r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-017-5899-y","article-title":"Increased grade in neuroendocrine tumor metastases negatively impacts survival.","volume":"24","author":"Keck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1308\/rcsann.2016.0225","article-title":"Correlation of Ki-67 indices from biopsy and resection specimens of neuroendocrine tumours.","volume":"99","author":"Barnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"csc240003r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6572398","article-title":"Clinical features and long-term survival of metastatic hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasms secondary to gastroenteropancreatic site: an analysis by applying the grading classification.","volume":"2020","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1159\/000445165","article-title":"The clinicopathologic heterogeneity of grade 3 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: morphological differentiation and proliferation identify different prognostic categories.","volume":"104","author":"Milione","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-15-0119","article-title":"Characteristics and treatment of patients with G3 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"22","author":"Heetfeld","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"csc240003r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1159\/000503722","article-title":"Gastroenteropancreatic high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms: histology and molecular analysis, two sides of the same coin.","volume":"110","author":"Busico","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000001808","article-title":"High-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms and improved prognostic stratification with the new World Health Organization 2019 classification: a validation study from a single-institution retrospective analysis.","volume":"50","author":"Hayes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"34","key":"csc240003r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5197","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i34.5197","article-title":"Analysis of 72 patients with colorectal high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms from three Chinese hospitals.","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"16","key":"csc240003r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4625","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-3135","article-title":"Rb loss and KRAS mutation are predictors of the response to platinum-based chemotherapy in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm with grade 3: a Japanese multicenter pancreatic NEN-G3 study.","volume":"23","author":"Hijioka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"csc240003r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2020.7666","article-title":"Risk of cancer-specific death for patients diagnosed with neuroendocrine tumors: a population-based analysis.","volume":"19","author":"Hallet","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"28","key":"csc240003r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4656","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.22.8510","article-title":"Placebo-controlled, double-blind, prospective, randomized study on the effect of octreotide LAR in the control of tumor growth in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine midgut tumors: a report from the PROMID Study Group.","volume":"27","author":"Rinke","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1316158","article-title":"Lanreotide in metastatic enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"371","author":"Caplin","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02475-2","article-title":"Lanreotide autogel\/depot in advanced enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: final results of the CLARINET open-label extension study.","volume":"71","author":"Caplin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"12","key":"csc240003r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00572-6","article-title":"177Lu-dotatate plus long-acting octreotide versus high-dose long-acting octreotide in patients with midgut neuroendocrine tumours (NETTER-1): final overall survival and long-term safety results from an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.","volume":"22","author":"Strosberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"csc240003r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2022.07.1013","article-title":"887O\u2014first multicentric randomized phase II trial investigating the antitumor efficacy of peptide receptor radionucleide therapy with 177lutetium-octreotate (OCLU) in unresectable progressive neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor: results of the OCLURANDOM trial.","volume":"33","author":"Baudin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.118.215848","article-title":"Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in grade 3 neuroendocrine neoplasms: safety and survival analysis in 69 patients.","volume":"60","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.113.125336","article-title":"Predictors of long-term outcome in patients with well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors after peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with 177Lu-octreotate.","volume":"55","author":"Ezziddin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-18-0424","article-title":"Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in gastroenteropancreatic NEN G3: a multicenter cohort study.","volume":"26","author":"Carlsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.118.224386","article-title":"Parameters to predict progression-free and overall survival after peptide receptor radionuclide therapy: a multivariate analysis in 782 patients.","volume":"60","author":"Aalbersberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-017-3925-8","article-title":"Investigation of receptor radionuclide therapy with 177lu-DOTATATE in patients with GEP-NEN and a high Ki-67 proliferation index.","volume":"45","author":"Nicolini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-017-3821-2","article-title":"Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society (ENETS) grade 3 (G3) neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN)\u2014a single-institution retrospective analysis.","volume":"45","author":"Thang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.0290","article-title":"Association of upfront peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with progression-free survival among patients with enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"5","author":"Pusceddu","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000919","article-title":"Efficacy of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in a United States\u2013based cohort of metastatic neuroendocrine tumor patients: single-institution retrospective analysis.","volume":"46","author":"Katona","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"16","key":"csc240003r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4617","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-2743","article-title":"Long-term efficacy, survival, and safety of [177Lu-DOTA0,Tyr3]octreotate in patients with gastroenteropancreatic and bronchial neuroendocrine Tumors.","volume":"23","author":"Brabander","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003825","article-title":"Sunitinib malate for the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"364","author":"Raymond","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009290","article-title":"Everolimus for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"364","author":"Yao","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10022","key":"csc240003r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00817-X","article-title":"Everolimus for the treatment of advanced, non-functional neuroendocrine tumours of the lung or gastrointestinal tract (RADIANT-4): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.","volume":"387","author":"Yao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1159\/000477585","article-title":"Everolimus in neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and unknown primary.","volume":"106","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2020.03.304","article-title":"Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.","volume":"31","author":"Pavel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"21","key":"csc240003r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198011203032101","article-title":"Streptozocin alone compared with streptozocin plus fluorouracil in the treatment of advanced islet-cell carcinoma.","volume":"303","author":"Moertel","year":"1980","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"csc240003r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199202203260804","article-title":"Streptozocin-doxorubicin, streptozocin-fluorouracil or chlorozotocin in the treatment of advanced islet-cell carcinoma.","volume":"326","author":"Moertel","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000001597","article-title":"The North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society consensus guidelines for surveillance and medical management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"49","author":"Halfdanarson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"csc240003r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2022.08.044","article-title":"LBA45\u2014randomized open label phase III study comparing the efficacy and safety of everolimus followed by chemotherapy (CT) with streptozotocin (STZ)-5FU upon progression or the reverse sequence, in advanced progressive panNETs: The SEQTOR study (GETNE 1206).","volume":"33","author":"Salazar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.01013","article-title":"Randomized study of temozolomide or temozolomide and capecitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (ECOG-ACRIN E2211).","volume":"41","author":"Kunz","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2021.7017","article-title":"Efficacy and toxicity analysis of capecitabine and temozolomide in neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"20","author":"Al-Toubah","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12010206","article-title":"Outcomes of capecitabine and temozolomide (CAPTEM) in advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs).","volume":"12","author":"Thomas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1159\/000500135","article-title":"Activity and safety of standard and prolonged capecitabine\/temozolomide administration in patients with advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"109","author":"Chatzellis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02421-2","article-title":"Temozolomide alone or in combination with capecitabine in patients with advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms: an Italian multicenter real-world analysis.","volume":"72","author":"Spada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2014.32.3_suppl.343","article-title":"Outcomes of patients treated with capecitabine and temozolamide for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) and non-PNETs.","volume":"5","author":"Peixoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2016-0434","article-title":"Capecitabine and temozolomide in grade 1\/2 neuroendocrine tumors: a Spanish multicenter experience.","volume":"13","author":"Crespo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Future Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2015-0470","article-title":"The role of capecitabine\/temozolomide in metastatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"21","author":"Ramirez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"43","key":"csc240003r62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73974","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18168","article-title":"The impact of pathologic differentiation (well\/poorly) and the degree of Ki-67 index in patients with metastatic WHO grade 3 GEP-NECs.","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13040643","article-title":"Biomarkers of response to etoposide-platinum chemotherapy in patients with grade 3 neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"13","author":"Lacombe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000735","article-title":"Treatment response and outcomes of grade 3 pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms based on morphology: well differentiated versus poorly differentiated.","volume":"46","author":"Raj","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mds276","article-title":"Predictive and prognostic factors for treatment and survival in 305 patients with advanced gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma (WHO G3): the NORDIC NEC study.","volume":"24","author":"Sorbye","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1159\/000511905","article-title":"A consensus-developed morphological re-evaluation of 196 high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms and its clinical correlations.","volume":"111","author":"Elvebakken","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"9808","key":"csc240003r67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61742-X","article-title":"Everolimus plus octreotide long-acting repeatable for the treatment of advanced neuroendocrine tumours associated with carcinoid syndrome (RADIANT-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.","volume":"378","author":"Pavel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"csc240003r68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1200\/PO.18.00356","article-title":"Economic impact of next-generation sequencing versus single-gene testing to detect genomic alterations in metastatic non\u2013small-cell lung cancer using a decision analytic model.","volume":"3","author":"Pennell","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCO Precis Oncol"},{"key":"csc240003r69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2022.100534","article-title":"Integrating comprehensive genomic sequencing of non-small cell lung cancer into a public healthcare system.","volume":"31","author":"Perdrizet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Res Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14252","article-title":"Driver mutations occur frequently in metastases of well-differentiated small intestine neuroendocrine tumours.","volume":"78","author":"Samsom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"issue":"22","key":"csc240003r71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5943","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-1804","article-title":"Comprehensive genomic profiling of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs).","volume":"26","author":"Puccini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13099","article-title":"Clinicopathological and molecular profile of grade 3 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"34","author":"Taboada","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4612","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24812-3","article-title":"The genomic landscape of 85 advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms reveals subtype-heterogeneity and potential therapeutic targets.","volume":"12","author":"van Riet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-21-0152","article-title":"The molecular characteristics of high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"29","author":"Venizelos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-0669","article-title":"Comprehensive genomic profiling of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the gastrointestinal system.","volume":"12","author":"Yachida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clcc.2020.09.001","article-title":"Genetic characteristics of colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma: more similar to colorectal adenocarcinoma.","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Colorectal Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85593-9","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of mutational and clinicopathologic characteristics of poorly differentiated colorectal neuroendocrine carcinomas.","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2020.07.400","article-title":"Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma G3 may be heterogeneous and could be classified into two distinct groups.","volume":"20","author":"Tanaka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3182417d36","article-title":"Small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the pancreas are genetically similar and distinct from well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"36","author":"Yachida","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"6021","key":"csc240003r80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1200609","article-title":"DAXX\/ATRX, MEN1, and mTOR pathway genes are frequently altered in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"331","author":"Jiao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000662","article-title":"A practical approach to the classification of WHO grade 3 (G3) well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (WD-NET) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (PD-NEC) of the pancreas.","volume":"40","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"7643","key":"csc240003r82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21063","article-title":"Whole-genome landscape of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.","volume":"543","author":"Scarpa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ22-0262","article-title":"The genetic alterations of rectal neuroendocrine tumor and indications for therapy and prognosis: a systematic review.","volume":"70","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13256","article-title":"Impact of KRAS and BRAF mutations on treatment efficacy and survival in high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"35","author":"Elvebakken","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"8","key":"csc240003r85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0493-4","article-title":"Enhancer signatures stratify and predict outcomes of non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"25","author":"Cejas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01479-y","article-title":"Epigenetic landscape of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours reveals distinct cells of origin and means of tumour progression.","volume":"3","author":"Di Domenico","year":"2020","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.21.5988","article-title":"Pancreatic endocrine tumors: expression profiling evidences a role for AKT-mTOR pathway.","volume":"28","author":"Missiaglia","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109817","article-title":"Proteotranscriptomic classification and characterization of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"37","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70265-6","article-title":"Temozolomide versus standard 6-week radiotherapy versus hypofractionated radiotherapy in patients older than 60 years with glioblastoma: the Nordic randomised, phase 3 trial.","volume":"13","author":"Malmstr\u00f6m","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70164-X","article-title":"Temozolomide chemotherapy alone versus radiotherapy alone for malignant astrocytoma in the elderly: the NOA-08 randomised, phase 3 trial.","volume":"13","author":"Wick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"csc240003r91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2021.102261","article-title":"Should temozolomide be used on the basis of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase status in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors? a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"99","author":"Trillo Aliaga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2021.100119","article-title":"Capecitabine plus temozolomide in patients with grade 3 unresectable or metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with Ki-67 index &lt;55%: single-arm phase II study.","volume":"6","author":"Jeong","year":"2021","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol30020106","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of MGMT-promoter methylation status and correlations with outcomes to temozolomide-based chemotherapy in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"30","author":"Brighi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-016-3486-2","article-title":"The prognostic and predictive value of sstr2-immunohistochemistry and sstr2-targeted imaging in neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"44","author":"Brunner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-6498-z","article-title":"P53, somatostatin receptor 2a and chromogranin A immunostaining as prognostic markers in high grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"20","author":"Nielsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"csc240003r96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000700","article-title":"Association between somatostatin receptor expression and clinical outcomes in neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"45","author":"Qian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1159\/000471879","article-title":"ENETS consensus guidelines for the standards of care in neuroendocrine tumors: radiological, nuclear medicine & hybrid imaging.","volume":"105","author":"Sundin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-5-18","article-title":"Health related quality of life and psychosocial function among patients with carcinoid tumours: a longitudinal, prospective, and comparative study.","volume":"5","author":"Fr\u00f6jd","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.115.165803","article-title":"68Ga-DOTATATE compared with 111In-DTPA-octreotide and conventional imaging for pulmonary and gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"57","author":"Deppen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"csc240003r100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.2217\/fon.14.139","article-title":"PET tracers for somatostatin receptor imaging of neuroendocrine tumors: current status and review of the literature.","volume":"10","author":"Johnbeck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Future Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"csc240003r101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.119.240143","article-title":"64Cu-DOTATATE PET\/CT and prediction of overall and progression-free survival in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"61","author":"Carlsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.116.180430","article-title":"Head-to-head comparison of 64Cu-DOTATATE and 68Ga-DOTATOC PET\/CT: a prospective study of 59 patients with neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"58","author":"Johnbeck","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"csc240003r103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.115.162719","article-title":"Prognostic value of 68Ga-DOTANOC PET\/CT SUVmax in patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas.","volume":"56","author":"Ambrosini","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.109.066662","article-title":"Standardized uptake values of (68)Ga-DOTANOC PET: a promising prognostic tool in neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"51","author":"Campana","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"csc240003r105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-014-2850-3","article-title":"Comparison of the prognostic values of 68Ga-DOTANOC PET\/CT and 18F-FDG PET\/CT in patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor.","volume":"41","author":"Sharma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"csc240003r106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-1079","article-title":"Association between neuroendocrine tumors biomarkers and primary tumor site and disease type based on total 68Ga-DOTATATE-Avid tumor volume measurements.","volume":"176","author":"Tirosh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"csc240003r107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04455-9","article-title":"Prognostic value of somatostatin receptor expressing tumor volume calculated from 68Ga-DOTATATE PET\/CT in patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"46","author":"Toriihara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2310\/7290.2014.00009","article-title":"Treatment with octreotide in patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the ileum: prognostic stratification with Ga-68-DOTA-TATE positron emission tomography.","volume":"13","author":"Koch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Molecular Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2020-0165","article-title":"68 Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography-computed tomography quantification predicts response to somatostatin analog therapy in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0000000000004235","article-title":"The role of 68 Ga-DOTA-SSA PET\/CT in the management and prediction of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy response for patients with neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"47","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14030592","article-title":"Predictive and prognostic role of pre-therapy and interim 68Ga-DOTATOC PET\/CT parameters in metastatic advanced neuroendocrine tumor patients treated with PRRT.","volume":"14","author":"Durmo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.23736\/S1824-4785.20.03238-0","article-title":"Volumetric 68Ga-DOTA-TATE PET\/CT for assessment of whole-body tumor burden as a quantitative imaging biomarker in patients with metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"66","author":"Ohlendorf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"1117","key":"csc240003r113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20201041","article-title":"Long-term outcome of indigenous 177Lu-DOTATATE PRRT in patients with metastatic advanced neuroendocrine tumours: a single institutional observation in a large tertiary care setting.","volume":"94","author":"Sitani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.4923","article-title":"A systematic review of the factors affecting accuracy of SUV measurements.","volume":"195","author":"Adams","year":"2010","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"18","key":"csc240003r115","first-page":"5969","article-title":"Detection of somatostatin receptors in surgical and percutaneous needle biopsy samples of carcinoids and islet cell carcinomas.","volume":"50","author":"Reubi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-015-4471-x","article-title":"Octreoscan versus FDG-PET for neuroendocrine tumor staging: a biological approach.","volume":"22","author":"Squires","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.117.202275","article-title":"Appropriate use criteria for somatostatin receptor PET imaging in neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"59","author":"Hope","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.122.264860","article-title":"SNMMI procedure standard\/EANM practice guideline for SSTR PET: imaging neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"64","author":"Hope","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"csc240003r119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.144386","article-title":"High prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET for metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a long-term evaluation.","volume":"55","author":"Bahri","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.108.053421","article-title":"68Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide PET for assessing response to somatostatin-receptor-mediated radionuclide therapy.","volume":"50","author":"Gabriel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0000000000003682","article-title":"Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET in neuroendocrine neoplasm: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"46","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.120.244798","article-title":"18F-FDG PET is superior to WHO grading as a prognostic tool in neuroendocrine neoplasms and useful in guiding PRRT: a prospective 10-year follow-up study.","volume":"62","author":"Binderup","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13170","article-title":"Volumetric parameters from [18 F]FDG PET\/CT predicts survival in patients with high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"34","author":"Langen Stokmo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-022-03000-3","article-title":"Role of [18F]FDG PET\/CT in the management of G1 gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"76","author":"Magi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"8","key":"csc240003r125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13081813","article-title":"Clinical utility of 18F-FDG PET in neuroendocrine tumors prior to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"13","author":"Alevroudis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"12","key":"csc240003r126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2401","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11122401","article-title":"A retrospective analysis of the correlation between functional imaging and clinical outcomes in grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors (NETs G3).","volume":"11","author":"Laffi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"issue":"11","key":"csc240003r127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.119.241414","article-title":"Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET\/CT in a large cohort of patients with advanced metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms treated with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.","volume":"61","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-016-3328-2","article-title":"Direct comparison of (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC and (18)F-FDG PET\/CT in the follow-up of patients with neuroendocrine tumour treated with the first full peptide receptor radionuclide therapy cycle.","volume":"43","author":"Nilica","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-021-01642-0","article-title":"Gastroenteropancreatic grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors: a single entity or a heterogeneous group? a retrospective analysis.","volume":"45","author":"Laffi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-022-02061-5","article-title":"Dual [(68)Ga]DOTATATE and [(18)F]FDG PET\/CT in patients with metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: a multicentre validation of the NETPET score.","volume":"128","author":"Chan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"csc240003r131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.18068","article-title":"Dual somatostatin receptor\/FDG PET\/CT imaging in metastatic neuroendocrine tumours: proposal for a novel grading scheme with prognostic significance.","volume":"7","author":"Chan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0000000000003937","article-title":"The combined interpretation of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET\/CT and 18F-FDG PET\/CT in metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a classification system with prognostic impact.","volume":"47","author":"Hayes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"csc240003r133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4022","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.4022","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of the utility of concurrent 18F-FDG PET\/CT and 68Ga-DOTA-TOC imaging in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEPNENs): The PETNET study.","volume":"41","author":"Vasconcelos","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"csc240003r134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coemr.2021.04.007","article-title":"Functioning and nonfunctioning pNENs.","volume":"18","author":"Daskalakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocr Metab Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1159\/000443171","article-title":"ENETS consensus guidelines update for the management of patients with functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"103","author":"Falconi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30110-9","article-title":"Frequency of carcinoid syndrome at neuroendocrine tumour diagnosis: a population-based study.","volume":"18","author":"Halperin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.77.2.264","article-title":"Carcinoid heart disease: relationship of circulating vasoactive substances to ultrasound-detectable cardiac abnormalities.","volume":"77","author":"Lundin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"11","key":"csc240003r138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021451","article-title":"Factors associated with progression of carcinoid heart disease.","volume":"348","author":"M\u00f8ller","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"csc240003r139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3320","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.553750","article-title":"Prognosis of carcinoid heart disease: analysis of 200 cases over two decades.","volume":"112","author":"M\u00f8ller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.14503\/THIJ-17-6562","article-title":"Carcinoid heart disease: review of current knowledge.","volume":"46","author":"Ram","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1159\/000472254","article-title":"ENETS consensus guidelines for standard of care in neuroendocrine tumours: biochemical markers.","volume":"105","author":"Oberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1673","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa924","article-title":"Plasmatic and urinary 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid measurements in patients with midgut neuroendocrine tumors: a GTE study.","volume":"106","author":"de Mestier","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000850","article-title":"The North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society consensus guidelines for surveillance and medical management of midgut neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"46","author":"Strosberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10020076","article-title":"The role of serum 5-HIAA as a predictor of progression and an alternative to 24-h Urine 5-HIAA in well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"10","author":"Wedin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biology (Basel)"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"csc240003r145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1177\/0004563215613109","article-title":"Serum and plasma 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid as an alternative to 24-h urine 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid measurement.","volume":"53","author":"Adaway","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"issue":"8","key":"csc240003r146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvab106","article-title":"Comparison of serum and urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid as biomarker for neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"5","author":"Becker","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13146","article-title":"European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) 2022 guidance paper for carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid heart disease.","volume":"34","author":"Grozinsky-Glasberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"15","key":"csc240003r148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3332","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25855","article-title":"Neuroendocrine tumors of midgut and hindgut origin: tumor-node-metastasis classification determines clinical outcome.","volume":"117","author":"Jann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008215730767","article-title":"Carcinoid tumors: analysis of prognostic factors and survival in 301 patients from a referral center.","volume":"8","author":"Janson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"csc240003r150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0392","article-title":"Limited value for urinary 5-HIAA excretion as prognostic marker in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours.","volume":"175","author":"Zandee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"csc240003r151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.092320","article-title":"Circulating markers of prognosis and response to treatment in patients with midgut carcinoid tumours.","volume":"55","author":"Turner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"18","key":"csc240003r152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2007.07.025","article-title":"Persistent low urinary excretion of 5-HIAA is a marker for favourable survival during follow-up in patients with disseminated midgut carcinoid tumours.","volume":"43","author":"van der Horst-Schrivers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1159\/000486097","article-title":"Prognostic factors for survival among patients with small bowel neuroendocrine tumours associated with mesenteric desmoplasia.","volume":"106","author":"Laskaratos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"8","key":"csc240003r154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603699","article-title":"The prognostic role of WHO classification, urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and liver function tests in metastatic neuroendocrine carcinomas of the gastroenteropancreatic tract.","volume":"96","author":"Formica","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520903082432","article-title":"Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors: prognostic factors and survival.","volume":"44","author":"Bergestuen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3695","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-016-3189-z","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in patients with neuroendocrine tumors: an investigation of treatment type, disease status, and symptom burden.","volume":"24","author":"Pearman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0007-1323.2001.01798.x","article-title":"Prediction of prognosis by echocardiography in patients with midgut carcinoid syndrome.","volume":"88","author":"Westberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"csc240003r158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.12.025","article-title":"Risk factors for the development and progression of carcinoid heart disease.","volume":"107","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"csc240003r159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000506744","article-title":"Carcinoid heart disease: prognostic value of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels and impact on survival: a systematic literature review.","volume":"111","author":"Buchanan-Hughes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.04174.x","article-title":"Review article: somatostatin analogs in the treatment of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumors.","volume":"31","author":"Modlin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"csc240003r161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP-2018-0296","article-title":"Biochemical responses in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with neuroendocrine tumors: Pooled analysis of 2 phase 3 trials.","author":"Mirakhur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2018-0217","article-title":"Effect of lanreotide depot\/autogel on urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and plasma chromogranin A biomarkers in nonfunctional metastatic enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"24","author":"Pavel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R145","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-18-0495","article-title":"Management of carcinoid syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"26","author":"Hofland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1177\/1758834016675803","article-title":"Refractory carcinoid syndrome: a review of treatment options.","volume":"9","author":"Riechelmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.69.2780","article-title":"Telotristat ethyl, a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor for the treatment of carcinoid syndrome.","volume":"35","author":"Kulke","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"csc240003r166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13199","article-title":"Four decades of experience with carcinoid heart disease: an analysis of 84 patients.","volume":"34","author":"Levy","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"csc240003r167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2016.05.003","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors: an evidence-based Canadian consensus.","volume":"47","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"csc240003r169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073679","article-title":"The association of a panel of biomarkers with the presence and severity of carcinoid heart disease: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"8","author":"Dobson","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.05.047","article-title":"Usefulness of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide as a biomarker of the presence of carcinoid heart disease.","volume":"102","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"26","key":"csc240003r171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4293","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.18.7047","article-title":"Chromogranin-A and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide: an excellent pair of biomarkers for diagnostics in patients with neuroendocrine tumor.","volume":"27","author":"Korse","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"csc240003r172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14102361","article-title":"Elevated serotonin and NT-proBNP levels predict and detect carcinoid heart disease in a large validation study.","volume":"14","author":"Levy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"12","key":"csc240003r173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3741","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0666","article-title":"Chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase as prognostic markers in patients with advanced pNET treated with everolimus.","volume":"96","author":"Yao","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"32","key":"csc240003r174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3906","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.68.0702","article-title":"Everolimus for the treatment of advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: overall survival and circulating biomarkers from the randomized, phase III RADIANT-3 study.","volume":"34","author":"Yao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"csc240003r175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2863","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.12574","article-title":"Pretreatment levels of chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasia.","volume":"35","author":"Keck\u00e9\u0161","year":"2021","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000734","article-title":"Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy outcomes in a North American cohort with metastatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"46","author":"Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"7","key":"csc240003r177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.02.052","article-title":"Plasma chromogranin A as marker for survival in patients with metastatic endocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumors.","volume":"6","author":"Arnold","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"csc240003r178","first-page":"5661","article-title":"Plasma chromogranin A levels predict survival and tumor response in patients with advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"34","author":"Chou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-18-0059","article-title":"Prognostic value of chromogranin A in patients with GET\/NEN in the pancreas and the small intestine.","volume":"7","author":"Fuksiewicz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"issue":"5","key":"csc240003r180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpb.2018.09.016","article-title":"Limited role of chromogranin A as clinical biomarker for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"21","author":"Pulvirenti","year":"2019","journal-title":"HPB (Oxford)"},{"issue":"5","key":"csc240003r181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154679","article-title":"Circulating chromogranin A as a marker for monitoring clinical response in advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"11","author":"Tian","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"csc240003r182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.11.005","article-title":"Is the combination of chromogranin A and pancreatic polypeptide serum determinations of interest in the diagnosis and follow-up of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours?","volume":"48","author":"Walter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"23","key":"csc240003r183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7798","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-0734","article-title":"Prognostic factors and survival in 324 patients with pancreatic endocrine tumor treated at a single institution.","volume":"14","author":"Ekeblad","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"csc240003r184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000001184","article-title":"Chromogranin A in the follow-up of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: is it really game over? a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"47","author":"Rossi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"csc240003r185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1258\/acb.2008.008033","article-title":"A rapid rise in circulating pancreastatin in response to somatostatin analogue therapy is associated with poor survival in patients with neuroendocrine tumours.","volume":"45","author":"Stronge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"issue":"12","key":"csc240003r186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3613","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-018-6741-x","article-title":"Prognostic impact of serum pancreastatin following chemoembolization for neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"25","author":"Strosberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-007-0089-z","article-title":"Hepatic artery chemoembolization in 122 patients with metastatic carcinoid tumor: lessons learned.","volume":"11","author":"Bloomston","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"csc240003r188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-013-2677-3","article-title":"Outcome of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with 177Lu-octreotate in advanced grade 1\/2 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.","volume":"41","author":"Ezziddin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2019.11.003","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the accuracy of a neuroendocrine tumor mRNA genomic biomarker (NETest) in blood.","volume":"31","author":"\u00d6berg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2017-0623","article-title":"Assessment of NETest clinical utility in a U.S. registry-based study.","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1159\/000446025","article-title":"NET blood transcript analysis defines the crossing of the clinical rubicon: when stable disease becomes progressive.","volume":"104","author":"Pavel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"11","key":"csc240003r192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1437","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-2792","article-title":"Circulating transcript analysis (NETest) in GEP-NETs treated with somatostatin analogs defines therapy.","volume":"100","author":"Cwikla","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"csc240003r193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1159\/000509091","article-title":"Blood molecular genomic analysis predicts the disease course of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor patients: a validation study of the predictive value of the NETest.","volume":"111","author":"van Treijen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04601-3","article-title":"PRRT neuroendocrine tumor response monitored using circulating transcript analysis: the NETest.","volume":"47","author":"Bodei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-19-0030","article-title":"NETest liquid biopsy is diagnostic of small intestine and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and correlates with imaging.","volume":"8","author":"Malczewska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.122.264363","article-title":"Interim analysis of a prospective validation of 2 blood-based genomic assessments (PPQ and NETest) to determine clinical efficacy of (177)Lu-DOTATATE in neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"64","author":"Bodei","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"csc240003r197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa822","article-title":"Prognostic threshold for circulating tumor cells in patients with pancreatic and midgut neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"106","author":"Mandair","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"csc240003r198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13096","article-title":"Circulating tumour cells and tumour biomarkers in functional midgut neuroendocrine tumours.","volume":"34","author":"Meyer","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-1008","article-title":"Early changes in circulating tumor cells are associated with response and survival following treatment of metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"22","author":"Khan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"csc240003r200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-2291","article-title":"Longitudinal copy-number alteration analysis in plasma cell-free DNA of neuroendocrine neoplasms is a novel specific biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and follow-up.","volume":"28","author":"Boons","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"csc240003r201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19917","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56539-z","article-title":"The prognostic value of circulating tumor cells in Asian neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"9","author":"Hsieh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"csc240003r4","volume-title":"WHO Classification of Endocrine Tumors","author":"Kloeppel","year":"2017"},{"key":"csc240003r5","volume-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System","author":"Nagtegaal","year":"2019","edition":"5th ed"},{"key":"csc240003r168","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Neuroendocrine and adrenal tumours clinical practice guidelines in oncology\u2014version 2.2022. Accessed March 1, 2022. https:\/\/www.nccn.org\/guidelines\/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1448"}],"container-title":["JAMA Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaoncology\/articlepdf\/2824313\/jamaoncology_loree_2024_sc_240003_1734561010.50955.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T16:03:11Z","timestamp":1734624191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaoncology\/fullarticle\/2824313"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]},"references-count":201,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2024.4330","relation":{},"ISSN":["2374-2437"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2374-2437","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]}}}