{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:07:23Z","timestamp":1792512443652,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-coi250041-4\">\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiple immunotherapy-based combinations and tyrosine kinase inhibitors are approved for first-line treatment of unresectable or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While overall survival remains the primary efficacy end point, health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) represents a crucial complementary outcome that has not been comprehensively compared across available treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-coi250041-5\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the HR-QoL effects associated with different first-line treatments for unresectable or advanced HCC and to integrate treatment-induced survival benefit with impact on patients\u2019 HR-QoL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-coi250041-6\">\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Scopus databases were systematically searched for studies published from inception through November 2024. The search was supplemented with manual reviews of reference lists and abstracts from main oncology conferences from the past 5 years (2020-2024).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-coi250041-7\">\n                    <jats:title>Study Selection<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Phase 3 randomized clinical trials comparing tyrosine kinase inhibitor monotherapy to immune checkpoint inhibitor\u2212based therapies in first-line advanced HCC and reporting HR-QoL deterioration were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-coi250041-8\">\n                    <jats:title>Data Extraction and Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Study selection and data extraction were performed by 2 independent reviewers, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess risk of bias. A bayesian network meta-analysis was performed using sorafenib as the comparator.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-coi250041-9\">\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Time to deterioration of HR-QoL domains were assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer\u2019s Quality-of-Life Questionnaire Core 30 and HCC18. Treatment ranking was calculated using surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) for HR-QoL items.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-coi250041-10\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven HR-QoL items from 9 randomized clinical trials enrolling 6425 patients met inclusion criteria. SUCRA calculations showed that atezolizumab plus bevacizumab had the highest probability of reducing deterioration of global health status and QoL (85%), abdominal swelling (95%), jaundice (89%), and pain (86%). When integrating HR-QoL with overall survival, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab outperformed all other treatments across all items.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-coi250041-11\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This network meta-analysis found that atezolizumab plus bevacizumab provides the best balance between QoL preservation and overall survival benefit compared to other systemic therapy options in unresectable or advanced HCC. This integrated assessment of survival and quality of life outcomes offers a more patient-centered approach for treatment selection in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2025.2470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T15:30:51Z","timestamp":1755185451000},"page":"1160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Integrating Quality of Life and Survival in Systemic Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ciro","family":"Celsa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother & Child Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Di Maria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother & Child Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Lombardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Phase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"D\u2019Alessio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia A. M.","family":"Fulgenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Brunetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia F.","family":"Manfredi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernardo","family":"Stefanini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Sparacino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother & Child Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Rigamonti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Pirisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Latchford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Vaccaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economic, Business, and Statistical Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Enea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother & Child Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calogero","family":"Camm\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother & Child Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Cabibbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother & Child Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David James","family":"Pinato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"10360","key":"coi250041r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01200-4","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma.","volume":"400","author":"Vogel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"coi250041r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000205","article-title":"Evaluating the risk-benefit ratio of immunotherapy according to liver-functional reserve in advanced HCC: the dark side of the moon.","volume":"77","author":"Cabibbo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"coi250041r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(24)00519-1","article-title":"Hepatic decompensation is the major driver of mortality in patients with HCC treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab: The impact of successful antiviral treatment.","volume":"81","author":"Celsa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"coi250041r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-021-00573-2","article-title":"Immunotherapies for hepatocellular carcinoma.","volume":"19","author":"Llovet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"20","key":"coi250041r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1915745","article-title":"Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.","volume":"382","author":"Finn","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"coi250041r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/EVIDoa2100070","article-title":"Tremelimumab plus durvalumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.","volume":"1","author":"Abou-Alfa","year":"2022","journal-title":"NEJM Evid"},{"issue":"10492","key":"coi250041r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00403-9","article-title":"Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus lenvatinib or sorafenib as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 9DW): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.","volume":"405","author":"Yau","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10408","key":"coi250041r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00961-3","article-title":"Camrelizumab plus rivoceranib versus sorafenib as first-line therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (CARES-310): a randomised, open-label, international phase 3 study.","volume":"402","author":"Qin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"coi250041r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2015.222","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes in the evaluation of toxicity of anticancer treatments.","volume":"13","author":"Di Maio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"coi250041r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2901","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw258","article-title":"A standardised, generic, validated approach to stratify the magnitude of clinical benefit that can be anticipated from anti-cancer therapies: the European Society for Medical Oncology Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (ESMO-MCBS).","volume":"28","author":"Cherny","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"coi250041r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx310","article-title":"ESMO-magnitude of clinical benefit scale, version 1.1.","volume":"28","author":"Cherny","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"coi250041r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1002\/lci2.50","article-title":"Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: impact of systemic treatments on health-related quality of life and patient-reported outcomes.","volume":"3","author":"Aimar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Liver Cancer Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"coi250041r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2020.4930","article-title":"Systemic therapy and sequencing options in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.","volume":"6","author":"Sonbol","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"coi250041r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2023.100702","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of frontline systemic therapy for advanced HCC: a network meta-analysis of landmark phase III trials.","volume":"5","author":"Fulgenzi","year":"2023","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"coi250041r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1159\/000531744","article-title":"Balancing efficacy and tolerability of first-line systemic therapies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a network metanalysis.","volume":"13","author":"Celsa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Liver Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"coi250041r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2385","article-title":"The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations.","volume":"162","author":"Hutton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"coi250041r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"d5928","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","article-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials.","volume":"343","author":"Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"coi250041r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.03.016","article-title":"Graphical methods and numerical summaries for presenting results from multiple-treatment meta-analysis: an overview and tutorial.","volume":"64","author":"Salanti","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"10126","key":"coi250041r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30207-1","article-title":"Lenvatinib versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial.","volume":"391","author":"Kudo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"coi250041r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00252-7","article-title":"Sintilimab plus a bevacizumab biosimilar (IBI305) versus sorafenib in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (ORIENT-32): a randomised, open-label, phase 2-3 study.","volume":"22","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"coi250041r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00604-5","article-title":"Nivolumab versus sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 459): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 trial.","volume":"23","author":"Yau","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"coi250041r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2023.4003","article-title":"Tislelizumab vs sorafenib as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase 3 randomized clinical trial.","volume":"9","author":"Qin","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"coi250041r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00469-2","article-title":"Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus lenvatinib plus placebo for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (LEAP-002): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial.","volume":"24","author":"Llovet","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"coi250041r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00110-2","article-title":"Lenvatinib versus sorafenib for first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: patient-reported outcomes from a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial.","volume":"6","author":"Vogel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"coi250041r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00151-0","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab versus sorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (IMbrave150): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.","volume":"22","author":"Galle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"23","key":"coi250041r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2790","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.01462","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes from the phase III HIMALAYA study of tremelimumab plus durvalumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.","volume":"42","author":"Sangro","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"coi250041r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1159\/000537966","article-title":"tislelizumab versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: impact on health-related quality of life in RATIONALE-301 study.","volume":"13","author":"Finn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Liver Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"coi250041r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e685","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30656-4","article-title":"Prognostic value of patient-reported outcomes from international randomised clinical trials on cancer: a systematic review.","volume":"20","author":"Mierzynska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"coi250041r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-24-2582","article-title":"Early hepatic decompensation identifies patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab or sorafenib at highest risk of death.","volume":"31","author":"Cabibbo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"23","key":"coi250041r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.61.6706","article-title":"American Society of Clinical Oncology statement: a conceptual framework to assess the value of cancer treatment options.","volume":"33","author":"Schnipper","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"coi250041r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/b138954","volume-title":"An R and S-PLUS companion to multivariate analysis","author":"Everitt","year":"2005"},{"key":"coi250041r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2023.41.4_suppl.506","volume-title":"Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) impact of lenvatinib (len) plus pembrolizumab (pembro) versus len plus placebo (pbo) as first-line (1L) therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC): Phase 3 LEAP-002 study","author":"Llovet","year":"2023"},{"key":"coi250041r31","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. FDA approves nivolumab with ipilimumab for unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. November 4, 2025. Accessed March 5, 2025. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/resources-information-approved-drugs\/fda-approves-nivolumab-ipilimumab-unresectable-or-metastatic-hepatocellular-carcinoma"}],"container-title":["JAMA Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaoncology\/articlepdf\/2837647\/jamaoncology_celsa_2025_oi_250041_1759848042.76899.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T15:01:29Z","timestamp":1760626889000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaoncology\/fullarticle\/2837647"}},"subtitle":["A Network Meta-Analysis"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2025.2470","relation":{},"ISSN":["2374-2437"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2374-2437","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]}}}