{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:25:30Z","timestamp":1788452730666,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Oncol"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy induces high remission rates in relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), but relapse, which is often due to antigen loss, remains a major challenge. Dual-targeting CD19\/CD22 CAR T-cell strategies may be associated with reduced antigen-negative relapse and improved remission durability.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the safety and efficacy of bicistronic CD19\/CD22 CAR T-cell therapy in pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory B-ALL.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n This open-label, multicenter, phase 2 nonrandomized clinical trial enrolled pediatric patients with B-ALL at 5 major medical centers in China from January 2022 to August 2024, with a data cutoff of February 28, 2026. Median follow-up was 35.7 months (IQR, 29.8-41.0 months). Of 346 screened, 38 (11.0%) were excluded and 308 (89.0%) were eligible. A safety run-in established the recommended phase 2 dose, followed by cohorts with refractory disease, hematologic relapse, or isolated extramedullary relapse.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Intervention<\/jats:title>\n \n CD3-positive T cells were activated and transduced with a bicistronic lentiviral vector that encoded anti-CD19 and anti-CD22 CARs, then infused fresh after 5 to 7 days in culture. Lymphodepleting chemotherapy included fludarabine and cyclophosphamide. Consolidative transplant was reserved for patients with\n KMT2A<\/jats:italic>\n - or\n ZNF<\/jats:italic>\n 384-rearranged acute lymphoblastic leukemia.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n Primary end points were safety, recommended phase 2 dose, event-free survival (EFS), and toxic effects of bicistronic CAR-T therapy in relapsed or refractory B-ALL, with or without transplant.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Among 261 patients (98 girls [37.6%]; mean [SD] age, 8.2 [3.8] years) with relapsed or refractory disease, 259 (99.2%) achieved complete remission with negative minimal residual disease. EFS was 70.9% (95% CI, 65.6%-76.7%) at 12 months, 63.2% (95% CI, 57.6%-69.4%) at 24 months, and 61.7% (95% CI, 55.9%-68.0%) at 36 months. Consolidative transplant was associated with improved EFS; the 24-month EFS was 57.9% (95% CI, 51.6%-65.0%) in patients without a transplant vs 85.7% (95% CI, 76.5%-96.1%) in patients with a transplant (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.004). In 20 patients with isolated central nervous system relapse and 20 with testicular relapse, 24-month EFS was 60.0% (95% CI, 43.6%-82.6%) and 80.0% (95% CI, 64.3%-99.6%), respectively. Grade 3 to 4 cytokine release syndrome occurred in 129 patients (49.4%), and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxic effects occurred in 34 patients (13.0%).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this nonrandomized clinical trial, bicistronic CD19\/CD22 CAR T-cell therapy induced high rates of minimal residual disease\u2013negative remission, with durable EFS in pediatric B-ALL. These findings support further evaluation in prospective trials.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n \n Chinese Clinical Trial Register Identifier:\n ChiCTR2000032211<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2026.3460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:03:56Z","timestamp":1788451436000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bicistronic CD19\/CD22 CAR T-Cell Therapy in Pediatric B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1001","author":[{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanjing","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaoyang","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Oncology Follow-Up Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengjuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhua","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengming","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weidong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rujun","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junqian","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junxian","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiakang","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geyao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixia","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianwei","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zichao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peifang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hailong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology, Shanghai Children\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoyan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ningling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longjun","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxia","family":"Kuai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, the Affiliated Huai\u2019an No.1 People\u2019s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingbo","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology, Shanghai Children\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology and Oncology, KK Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, SingHealth Duke-NUS, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benshang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Hon","family":"Pui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Oncology, Global Pediatric Medicine, and Pathology, St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"coi260050r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709866","article-title":"Tisagenlecleucel in children and young adults with B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia.","volume":"378","author":"Maude","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"coi260050r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.03585","article-title":"Disease burden affects outcomes in pediatric and young adult B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia after commercial tisagenlecleucel: a pediatric real-world chimeric antigen receptor consortium report.","volume":"40","author":"Schultz","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"coi260050r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-019-0184-6","article-title":"Mechanisms of resistance to CAR T cell therapy.","volume":"16","author":"Shah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"coi260050r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0146-z","article-title":"Genetic mechanisms of target antigen loss in CAR19 therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","volume":"24","author":"Orlando","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"coi260050r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024013586","article-title":"Dual-targeting CAR T cells for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.","volume":"9","author":"de Oliveira Canedo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"11","key":"coi260050r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00436-9","article-title":"Sequential CD19 and CD22 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for childhood refractory or relapsed B-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia: a single-arm, phase 2 study.","volume":"24","author":"Pan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"coi260050r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.01214","article-title":"Coadministration of CD19- and CD22-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a single-arm, multicenter, phase II trial.","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"coi260050r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023020621","article-title":"CD19\/CD22 targeting with cotransduced CAR T cells to prevent antigen-negative relapse after CAR T-cell therapy for B-cell ALL.","volume":"143","author":"Ghorashian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"8","key":"coi260050r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01436-0","article-title":"CAR T cells with dual targeting of CD19 and CD22 in adult patients with recurrent or refractory B cell malignancies: a phase 1 trial.","volume":"27","author":"Spiegel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"coi260050r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2025.105872","article-title":"Tandem CD19\/CD22 CAR T-cells as potential therapy for children and young adults with high-risk r\/r B-ALL.","volume":"118","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2025","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"coi260050r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01497-1","article-title":"CAR T?cells with dual targeting of CD19 and CD22 in pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory B?cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a phase 1 trial.","volume":"27","author":"Cordoba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"coi260050r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020006770","article-title":"Factors associated with outcomes after a second CD19-targeted CAR T-cell infusion for refractory B-cell malignancies.","volume":"137","author":"Gauthier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"22","key":"coi260050r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.4347","article-title":"CONSORT 2025 Statement: Updated Guideline for Reporting Randomized Trials.","volume":"333","author":"Hopewell","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"coi260050r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.12.758","article-title":"ASTCT consensus grading for cytokine release syndrome and neurologic toxicity associated with immune effector cells.","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"5","key":"coi260050r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022015795","article-title":"CD19\/22 CAR T cells in children and young adults with B-ALL: phase 1 results and development of a novel bicistronic CAR.","volume":"140","author":"Shalabi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"coi260050r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-018-0075-2","article-title":"Management guidelines for paediatric patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy.","volume":"16","author":"Mahadeo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"coi260050r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6765","article-title":"Survival probabilities with time-dependent treatment indicator: quantities and non-parametric estimators.","volume":"35","author":"Bernasconi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"coi260050r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-19-0908","article-title":"Excessive costimulation leads to dysfunction of adoptively transferred T cells.","volume":"8","author":"Wijewarnasuriya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"coi260050r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omto.2018.10.006","article-title":"Preclinical development of bivalent chimeric antigen receptors targeting both CD19 and CD22.","volume":"11","author":"Qin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Ther Oncolytics"},{"issue":"1","key":"coi260050r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00836-6","article-title":"Molecular basis of human CD22 function and therapeutic targeting.","volume":"8","author":"Ere\u00f1o-Orbea","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"7","key":"coi260050r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2023.03.020","article-title":"Dual targeting of CD19 and CD22 against B-ALL using a novel high-sensitivity aCD22 CAR.","volume":"31","author":"Kokalaki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"issue":"15","key":"coi260050r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.02262","article-title":"Long-term follow-Up of CD19\u2013CAR T-cell therapy in children and young adults with B-ALL.","volume":"39","author":"Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"20","key":"coi260050r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-08-665547","article-title":"Acquisition of a CD19-negative myeloid phenotype allows immune escape of MLL-rearranged B-ALL from CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy.","volume":"127","author":"Gardner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"11","key":"coi260050r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2024.05.021","article-title":"Efficacy and risk of donor-derived CAR-T treatment of relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","volume":"26","author":"Deng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"issue":"6","key":"coi260050r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2024.0473","article-title":"Allogeneic CD19\/CD22 CAR T-cell therapy for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","volume":"10","author":"Phely","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"coi260050r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1158\/2643-3230.BCD-21-0095","article-title":"Next-generation sequencing of minimal residual disease for predicting relapse after tisagenlecleucel in children and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","volume":"3","author":"Pulsipher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"6","key":"coi260050r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024015441","article-title":"Clinical use of measurable residual disease in adult ALL: recommendations from a panel of US experts.","volume":"9","author":"Short","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"9967","key":"coi260050r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61403-3","article-title":"T cells expressing CD19 chimeric antigen receptors for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and young adults: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial.","volume":"385","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"coi260050r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e711","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(21)00238-6","article-title":"CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for CNS relapsed or refractory acute lymphocytic leukaemia: a post-hoc analysis of pooled data from five clinical trials.","volume":"8","author":"Leahy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"}],"container-title":["JAMA Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaoncology\/articlepdf\/2853842\/jamaoncology_wan_2026_oi_260050_1788206486.00879.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:04:02Z","timestamp":1788451442000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaoncology\/fullarticle\/2853842"}},"subtitle":["A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"references-count":29,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2026.3460","relation":{},"ISSN":["2374-2437"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2374-2437","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]}}}