{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T01:46:16Z","timestamp":1782524776574,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.4203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T16:35:43Z","timestamp":1606322143000},"page":"144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Vestibular Activities Avoidance Instrument"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"Pamela M.","family":"Dunlap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory F.","family":"Marchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Sparto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey P.","family":"Staab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Furman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Delitto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan L.","family":"Whitney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"ooi200069r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-310319","article-title":"Vestibular vertigo and comorbid cognitive and psychiatric impairment: the 2008 National Health Interview Survey.","volume":"87","author":"Bigelow","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"ooi200069r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(01)00208-2","article-title":"Psychological distress and disability in patients with vertigo.","volume":"50","author":"Monzani","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"ooi200069r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(94)90107-4","article-title":"Symptoms as a clue to otologic and psychiatric diagnosis in patients with dizziness.","volume":"38","author":"Clark","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"ooi200069r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02599633","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders and functional impairment in patients with persistent dizziness.","volume":"8","author":"Kroenke","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"ooi200069r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.1991.16.issue-5","article-title":"The prevalence of psychological disturbance in neurotology outpatients.","volume":"16","author":"McKenna","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci"},{"issue":"429","key":"ooi200069r6","first-page":"1131","article-title":"Prevalence and presentation of dizziness in a general practice community sample of working age people.","volume":"48","author":"Yardley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"ooi200069r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0697-x","article-title":"Psychiatric comorbidity in different organic vertigo syndromes.","volume":"255","author":"Eckhardt-Henn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ooi200069r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-307601","article-title":"Psychiatric comorbidity and psychosocial impairment among patients with vertigo and dizziness.","volume":"86","author":"Lahmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ooi200069r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2008.09.012","article-title":"Dizziness: anxiety, health care utilization and health behavior\u2014results from a representative German community survey.","volume":"66","author":"Wiltink","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ooi200069r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-010-5697-y","article-title":"Patients\u2019 psychological well-being and resilient coping protect from secondary somatoform vertigo and dizziness (SVD) 1 year after vestibular disease.","volume":"258","author":"Tschan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ooi200069r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.1994.33.issue-1","article-title":"Contribution of symptoms and beliefs to handicap in people with vertigo: a longitudinal study.","volume":"33","author":"Yardley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ooi200069r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e318151a4dd","article-title":"Predicting continued dizziness after an acute peripheral vestibular disorder.","volume":"69","author":"Heinrichs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"ooi200069r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.19.2118","article-title":"Burden of dizziness and vertigo in the community.","volume":"168","author":"Neuhauser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"ooi200069r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000140004.06247.c9","article-title":"Why does vertigo become chronic after neuropathia vestibularis?","volume":"66","author":"Godemann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"ooi200069r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(00)00045-1","article-title":"Psychological factors influencing recovery from balance disorders.","volume":"15","author":"Yardley","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"ooi200069r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000206","article-title":"Internal validation of the Vestibular Activities Avoidance Instrument (VAAI).","volume":"42","author":"Alshebber","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurol Phys Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"ooi200069r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1990.01870040046011","article-title":"The development of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory.","volume":"116","author":"Jacobson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"ooi200069r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-199103000-00053","article-title":"The Tampa Scale: a measure of kinesiophobia.","volume":"7","author":"Miller","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"ooi200069r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90127-B","article-title":"A Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability.","volume":"52","author":"Waddell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"9","key":"ooi200069r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure.","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"ooi200069r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7.","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"ooi200069r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291702005822","article-title":"The Health Anxiety Inventory: development and validation of scales for the measurement of health anxiety and hypochondriasis.","volume":"32","author":"Salkovskis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ooi200069r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.1990.9674095","article-title":"Psychometric characteristics of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support.","volume":"55","author":"Zimet","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"issue":"5","key":"ooi200069r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1529-0131","article-title":"A primary care back pain screening tool: identifying patient subgroups for initial treatment.","volume":"59","author":"Hill","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"2","key":"ooi200069r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200203000-00008","article-title":"The PHQ-15: validity of a new measure for evaluating the severity of somatic symptoms.","volume":"64","author":"Kroenke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"ooi200069r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2010.04.006","article-title":"The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: a diagnostic meta-analysis of case-finding ability.","volume":"69","author":"Brennan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"312","key":"ooi200069r29","first-page":"311","article-title":"Psychiatric screening in general practice: comparison of the general health questionnaire and the hospital anxiety depression scale.","volume":"38","author":"Wilkinson","year":"1988","journal-title":"J R Coll Gen Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"ooi200069r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otorri.2010.03.001","article-title":"Relationship between health-related quality of life and disability in women with peripheral vertigo.","volume":"61","author":"V\u00e9lez Le\u00f3n","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp"},{"issue":"6","key":"ooi200069r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-009-9483-1","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the SF-12v2 in the medical expenditure panel survey.","volume":"18","author":"Cheak-Zamora","year":"2009","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"ooi200069r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.03.017","article-title":"The development and validation of the vestibular activities and participation measure.","volume":"93","author":"Alghwiri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"7","key":"ooi200069r33","first-page":"1","article-title":"Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis.","volume":"10","author":"Costello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Practical Assess Res Eval"},{"issue":"2","key":"ooi200069r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/bmsp.1950.3.issue-2","article-title":"Tests of significance in factor analysis.","volume":"3","author":"Bartlett","year":"1950","journal-title":"Br J Math Stat Psychol"},{"key":"ooi200069r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-015-0207-7","article-title":"Analysis of vestibular-balance symptoms according to symptom duration: dimensionality of the Vertigo Symptom Scale-short form.","volume":"13","author":"Kondo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"3","key":"ooi200069r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02289465","article-title":"Rotation for simple loadings.","volume":"31","author":"Jennrich","year":"1966","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"ooi200069r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/(ISSN)2044-8317a","article-title":"Promax: a quick method for rotation to oblique simple structure.","volume":"17","author":"Hendrickson","year":"1964","journal-title":"Br J Stat Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ooi200069r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2006.03.012","article-title":"Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires.","volume":"60","author":"Terwee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ooi200069r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1177013815","article-title":"Bootstrap methods for standard errors, confidence intervals, and other measures of statistical accuracy.","volume":"1","author":"Efron","year":"1986","journal-title":"Stat Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ooi200069r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020802314905","article-title":"Measuring outcome from vestibular rehabilitation, part II: refinement and validation of a new self-report measure.","volume":"48","author":"Morris","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Audiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ooi200069r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(92)90131-K","article-title":"Symptoms, anxiety and handicap in dizzy patients: development of the vertigo symptom scale.","volume":"36","author":"Yardley","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"ooi200069r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2018.1863","article-title":"Association between catastrophizing and dizziness-related disability assessed with the Dizziness Catastrophizing Scale.","volume":"144","author":"Pothier","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"ooi200069r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.10.004","article-title":"Subscales of the vestibular activities and participation questionnaire could be applied across cultures.","volume":"68","author":"Mueller","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"ooi200069r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-14-317","article-title":"Health-related quality of life and emotional distress in patients with dizziness: a cross-sectional approach to disentangle their relationship.","volume":"14","author":"Weidt","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"ooi200069r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1177\/1742395314567926","article-title":"Symptom severity, social supports, coping styles, and quality of life among individuals\u2019 diagnosed with M\u00e9nier\u00e8\u2019s disease.","volume":"11","author":"Porter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chronic Illn"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"ooi200069r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(00)00042-6","article-title":"Neurological bases for balance-anxiety links.","volume":"15","author":"Balaban","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ooi200069r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevNeurobiol.v10.i3-4","article-title":"A functional neuroanatomy of anxiety and fear: implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of anxiety disorders.","volume":"10","author":"Charney","year":"1996","journal-title":"Crit Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"ooi200069r53","first-page":"4","article-title":"Toward an integrated neurobiology of panic disorder.","volume":"58","author":"Goddard","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ooi200069r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.3109\/03005369209076649","article-title":"Somatic and psychological factors contributing to handicap in people with vertigo.","volume":"26","author":"Yardley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Audiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ooi200069r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.7874\/jao.2017.00290","article-title":"Role of emotional distress in prolongation of dizziness: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"22","author":"Roh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Audiol Otol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ooi200069r56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1159\/000438740","article-title":"Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: factor structure, internal consistency and convergent validity in patients with dizziness.","volume":"20","author":"Piker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Audiol Neurootol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ooi200069r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.19.4.6","article-title":"Psychological comorbidities and their relationship to self-reported handicap in samples of dizzy patients.","volume":"19","author":"Piker","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Acad Audiol"},{"key":"ooi200069r26","volume-title":"Factor Analysis","author":"Gorsuch","year":"1983","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"ooi200069r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412984256","volume-title":"Factor Analysis: Statistical Methods and Practical Issues","author":"Kim","year":"1978"},{"key":"ooi200069r35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412984898","volume-title":"Making Sense of Factor Analysis.","author":"Pett","year":"2003"},{"key":"ooi200069r41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429246593","volume-title":"An Introduction to the Bootstrap","author":"Efron","year":"1994"},{"key":"ooi200069r42","volume-title":"Scale Development: Theory and Applications","author":"DeVellis","year":"2012"},{"key":"ooi200069r43","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"ooi200069r44","volume-title":"The Handbook of Psychological Testing","author":"Kline","year":"2000","edition":"2nd ed"}],"container-title":["JAMA Otolaryngology\u2013Head & Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaotolaryngology\/articlepdf\/2773588\/jamaotolaryngology_dunlap_2020_oi_200069_1612851904.22751.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]],"date-time":"2021-02-12T20:59:04Z","timestamp":1613163544000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaotolaryngology\/fullarticle\/2773588"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.4203","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6181","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]}}}