{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T11:43:46Z","timestamp":1790077426392,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.5448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T12:19:53Z","timestamp":1612786793000},"page":"389","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["New Age Mentoring and Disruptive Innovation\u2014Navigating the Uncharted With Vision, Purpose, and Equity"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"Shadi","family":"Ahmadmehrabi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janice L.","family":"Farlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nneoma S.","family":"Wamkpah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon I.","family":"Esianor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tulio A.","family":"Valdez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonya","family":"Malekzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol R.","family":"Bradford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard W.","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"osc200003r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812468279","article-title":"Mentorship in otolaryngology: 10 years of experience.","volume":"148","author":"Geltzeiler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"osc200003r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2336","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.v130.10","article-title":"African American otolaryngologists: current trends and factors influencing career choice.","volume":"130","author":"Faucett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"2","key":"osc200003r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819900261","article-title":"ENT mentorship program for preclinical medical students.","volume":"163","author":"Sethia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"osc200003r5","first-page":"594","article-title":"Medical education in the United States and Canada. From the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, Bulletin Number Four, 1910.","volume":"80","author":"Flexner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"6","key":"osc200003r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.2017.51.issue-6","article-title":"A systematic review of the effectiveness of flipped classrooms in medical education.","volume":"51","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"issue":"11","key":"osc200003r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2017.1317","article-title":"Teaching quality improvement and patient safety in residency education: strategies for meaningful resident quality and safety initiatives.","volume":"143","author":"Morrison","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"17","key":"osc200003r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.3085","article-title":"Mentoring millennials.","volume":"323","author":"Waljee","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"osc200003r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.11129","article-title":"The moral determinants of health.","volume":"324","author":"Berwick","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"osc200003r10","article-title":"Prioritizing diversity in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery: starting a conversation.","author":"Truesdale","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"osc200003r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.2874","article-title":"COVID-19, disparities, and opportunities for equity in otolaryngology-unequal America.","author":"Burks","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"osc200003r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.12432","article-title":"Eradicating racial injustice in medicine-if not now, when?","volume":"324","author":"Vince","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"osc200003r13","article-title":"A structured mentorship elective deepens personal connections and increases scholarly achievements of senior surgery residents.","author":"Schultz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"3","key":"osc200003r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/15265161.2020.1714797","article-title":"HEC-C: from Halsted\u2019s perspective.","volume":"20","author":"Shuman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Bioeth"},{"issue":"1","key":"osc200003r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-018-1191-5","article-title":"The impact of active mentorship: results from a survey of faculty in the Department of Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital.","volume":"18","author":"Walensky","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"7","key":"osc200003r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e318295e298","article-title":"The Mentoring Competency Assessment: validation of a new instrument to evaluate skills of research mentors.","volume":"88","author":"Fleming","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"osc200003r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2020.07.006","article-title":"Mentorship strategies to foster inclusivity in surgery during a virtual era.","volume":"220","author":"Moreno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"osc200003r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2016.09.007","article-title":"Current status of simulation in otolaryngology: a systematic review.","volume":"74","author":"Musbahi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"5","key":"osc200003r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2011.12.011","article-title":"Capturing the teachable moment: a grounded theory study of verbal teaching interactions in the operating room.","volume":"151","author":"Roberts","year":"2012","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"21","key":"osc200003r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.5227","article-title":"Medical student education in the time of COVID-19.","volume":"323","author":"Rose","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"12","key":"osc200003r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2684","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25992","article-title":"Impact of a mentored student clerkship on underrepresented minority diversity in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery.","volume":"126","author":"Nellis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"osc200003r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.2147\/AMEP","article-title":"The role of reverse mentoring in medical education: current insights.","volume":"10","author":"Clarke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Med Educ Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"osc200003r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-018-1195-1","article-title":"A systematic review of the literature describing the outcomes of near-peer mentoring programs for first year medical students.","volume":"18","author":"Akinla","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"osc200003r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnma.2017.09.001","article-title":"Value of near-peer mentorship from prot\u00e9g\u00e9 and mentor perspectives: a strategy to increase physician workforce diversity.","volume":"110","author":"Haggins","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Natl Med Assoc"},{"issue":"9","key":"osc200003r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.9.1058","article-title":"Resident physicians\u2019 preparedness to provide cross-cultural care.","volume":"294","author":"Weissman","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"osc200003r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350618813250","article-title":"Telementoring of surgeons: a systematic review.","volume":"26","author":"Erridge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surg Innov"},{"issue":"2","key":"osc200003r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200202000-00003","article-title":"Telemedicine: teleproctored endoscopic sinus surgery.","volume":"112","author":"Burgess","year":"2002","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"3","key":"osc200003r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X0200800301","article-title":"Realtime transfer of live video images in parallel with three-dimensional modelling of the surgical field in computer-assisted telesurgery.","volume":"8","author":"Klapan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Telemed Telecare"},{"key":"osc200003r29","article-title":"Implementation and evaluation of a virtual elective in otolaryngology in the time of COVID-19.","author":"Steehler","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"osc200003r30","article-title":"Addressing the impact of COVID-19 on the residency application process through a virtual subinternship.","author":"Farlow","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"osc200003r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820923621","article-title":"Otolaryngology education in the setting of COVID-19: current and future implications.","volume":"163","author":"Comer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"osc200003r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.09.029","article-title":"Women in radiology: creating a global mentorship network through social media.","volume":"15","author":"Retrouvey","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"osc200003r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.02.011","article-title":"Social media in the mentorship and networking of physicians: Important role for women in surgical specialties.","volume":"215","author":"Luc","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"osc200003r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-20-00549.1","article-title":"Harnessing the Power of Medical Twitter for Mentorship.","volume":"12","author":"McLuckey","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Grad Med Educ"},{"issue":"1","key":"osc200003r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3667","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22025-1","article-title":"Functional brain states measure mentor-trainee trust during robot-assisted surgery.","volume":"8","author":"Shafiei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"osc200003r41","first-page":"164","article-title":"Cultural competence education for practicing physicians: lessons in cultural humility, nonjudgmental behaviors, and health beliefs elicitation.","volume":"33","author":"Kutob","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Contin Educ Health Prof"},{"issue":"2","key":"osc200003r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2010.0233","article-title":"Cultural humility versus cultural competence: a critical distinction in defining physician training outcomes in multicultural education.","volume":"9","author":"Tervalon","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Health Care Poor Underserved"},{"key":"osc200003r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1491-x","article-title":"Mentoring the mentors of underrepresented racial\/ethnic minorities who are conducting HIV research: beyond cultural competency.","volume":"20","author":"Walters","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"osc200003r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1080\/02615479.2014.977244","article-title":"From mastery to accountability: cultural humility as an alternative to cultural competence.","volume":"34","author":"Fisher-Borne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc Work Educ."},{"issue":"5","key":"osc200003r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e204","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(19)30111-6","article-title":"Bridging the digital divide in health care.","volume":"1","author":"Makri","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet Digital Health."},{"issue":"3","key":"osc200003r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1002\/aet2.2019.3.issue-3","article-title":"Impact of a mentorship program on medical student burnout.","volume":"3","author":"Jordan","year":"2019","journal-title":"AEM Educ Train"},{"key":"osc200003r39","volume-title":"Deep Medicine: How Artificial Intelligence Can Make Healthcare Human Again.","author":"Topol","year":"2019"},{"key":"osc200003r48","volume-title":"Mentoring and Diversity.","author":"Clutterbuck","year":"2002","edition":"1st Edition"},{"key":"osc200003r50","volume-title":"Better: A Surgeon\u2019s Notes on Performance","author":"Gawande","year":"2008","edition":"1st Edition"},{"key":"osc200003r51","volume-title":"Manner of Speaking","author":"Ciardi","year":"1972"},{"key":"osc200003r4","unstructured":"Trends in Sex and Racial\/Ethnic Diversity in Applicants to Surgery Residency and Fellowship Programs - PubMed. Accessed October 12, 2020. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32459323\/"},{"key":"osc200003r34","unstructured":"@JBSmithMD. #OtoMatch2020 Adopt-An-Applicant. If you\u2019re an oto resident willing to give feedback to a rising applicant on personal statements, CVs, etc., please comment. If you\u2019re an applicant w\/o a home program (or with one, but needing a little extra guidance), hit us up. #MedTwitter. Published July 13, 2020. https:\/\/twitter.com\/JBSmithMD\/status\/1282847219486535682?s=20"},{"key":"osc200003r35","unstructured":"@RoxanaDaneshjou. If you are a Black medical student interested in dermatology, please know you can reach out to me any time. I will answer your questions completely honestly, when those you may be afraid to ask from your home program. #medtwitter #dermtwitter. Published June 4, 2020. https:\/\/twitter.com\/RoxanaDaneshjou\/status\/1268565281078571008?s=20"},{"key":"osc200003r36","unstructured":"@OKaradaghy. Hey future ENTs! Not being able to do away rotations is a huge bummer. I am a rising PGY3 at @KU_ENT, and would be happy to answer any questions about interviews, our program, or residency in general!! Feel free to reply or DM. Published June 21, 2020. https:\/\/twitter.com\/OKaradaghy\/status\/1274766410129051650?s=20"},{"key":"osc200003r38","unstructured":"@_shadiam. Hey #ENTwitter #MedStudentTwitter! We have a growing informal group chat of all the women applying this year. DM me and I\u2019ll send you the GroupMe link to add you or a future #shENT you know. Published September 12, 2020. https:\/\/twitter.com\/_shadiam\/status\/1304878011519569932?s=20"},{"key":"osc200003r45","unstructured":"Morris? B. Why Does Zoom Exhaust You? Science Has an Answer - WSJ. Accessed October 12, 2020. https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/why-does-zoom-exhaust-you-science-has-an-answer-11590600269"},{"key":"osc200003r46","unstructured":"Ignagni? K. Failing to bridge the digital divide will deepen health disparities. Modern Healthcare. https:\/\/www.modernhealthcare.com\/opinion-editorial\/failing-bridge-digital-divide-will-deepen-health-disparities. Published July 11, 2020. Accessed October 15, 2020."}],"container-title":["JAMA Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaotolaryngology\/articlepdf\/2775987\/jamaotolaryngology_ahmadmehrabi_2021_sc_200003_1617835398.34648.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T16:55:35Z","timestamp":1617900935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaotolaryngology\/fullarticle\/2775987"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.5448","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6181","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]}}}