{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T21:13:05Z","timestamp":1790716385721,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-ooi220063-4\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Understanding of the economic burden of recurrent vestibular causes of vertigo and areas contributing to the cost is needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-ooi220063-5\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To analyze and identify the factors contributing to the direct medical costs associated with M\u00e9ni\u00e8re disease (MD), vestibular migraine (VM), and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-ooi220063-6\"><jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>This economic evaluation used MarketScan Commercial Database claims data from 2018 to identify the non-Medicare patient population with the diagnoses of MD, VM, or BPPV. Data were analyzed January 1 to December 31, 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-ooi220063-7\"><jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>The total direct medical costs associated with MD, VM, and BPPV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-ooi220063-8\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 53\u202f210 patients (mean [SD] age, 47.8 [11.8] years; 67.6% female) were included in this study, with 34\u202f738 normal comparisons. There were 5783 (10.9%) patients with MD, 3526 (6.6%) patients with VM, and 43\u202f901 (82.5%) patients with BPPV in the data set. Mean age and sex were different across the different vestibular disorders. Across the different groups, patients with no comorbidities or with a Charlson Comorbidity Index score of zero ranged from 98.4% to 98.8%. Around 5% of patients were hospitalized with inpatient stay lasting between 4.6 and 5.2 days. After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities, there were large differences in mean adjusted annual payments\/direct costs across the different groups (MD, $9579; VM, $11\u202f371; and BPPV, $8247). This equated to a total incremental estimated cost of $60 billion compared with the normal population. The number of outpatient brain magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scans per patient ranged anywhere from 1 to 20, while the number of inpatient brain magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scans per patient ranged anywhere from 1 to 6. A heat map of the total cost expenditure indicated that the costs were concentrated around the Midwest, Lake Michigan, and the East Coast.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-ooi220063-9\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this economic evaluation, the 3 most common causes of recurrent vertigo\u2014MD, VM, and BPPV\u2014had considerable medical costs associated with them. Extraneous imaging orders and vestibular testing are factors to consider for cost reduction. However, further research and widespread education is needed to optimize the diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients presenting with vestibular disorders or dizziness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2022.3247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T15:15:00Z","timestamp":1665674100000},"page":"1103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Assessment of the Cost Burden of Episodic Recurrent Vestibular Vertigo in the US"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Seth S.","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston"},{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kit N.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Effectiveness Data 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