{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:51:56Z","timestamp":1791474716221,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-osc260001-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preoperative parathyroid localization has been a great advance in the success of surgery for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) over the past 40 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-osc260001-2\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To highlight the amount of radiation exposure from contemporary parathyroid imaging options and to suggest intentional imaging use in planning for parathyroidectomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-osc260001-3\">\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Review<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Contemporary parathyroid imaging modalities and their respective radiation exposure were reviewed. The analysis focused on patients undergoing preoperative parathyroid imaging related to pHPT and persistent\/recurrent pHPT. Exposure of patients to ionizing radiation from devices and radiotracers measured in mSv was reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-osc260001-4\">\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The parathyroid imaging recommendations include ultrasonography (0 mSv), technetium Tc 99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with or without computed tomography (CT) (8.6-12.1 mSv), and second-line\/complex imaging for patients undergoing revision parathyroid surgery: 4-dimensional CT (9.3-20.2 mSv) or choline-based positron emission tomography (PET) with or without CT (6.7-11.8 mSv).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-osc260001-5\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Imaging should be conducted only when the diagnosis is confirmed. When making decisions about imaging, consider radiation exposure, sensitivity\/specificity for adenoma detection, local expertise in the imaging modality, and cost.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2026.2316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:01:11Z","timestamp":1787238071000},"page":"989","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intentional Imaging for Primary Hyperparathyroidism"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Twyla B.","family":"Bartel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Advanced Imaging, PLLC, Little Rock, Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy L.","family":"Yarbrough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Advanced Imaging, PLLC, Little Rock, Arkansas"},{"name":"Davis Department of Radiology, University of California, Sacramento"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Brendan C.","family":"Stack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Surgery Section, American Head and Neck Society, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"osc260001r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2019.1747","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of primary hyperparathyroidism across the Veterans Affairs health care system.","volume":"179","author":"Alore","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"osc260001r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.210170","article-title":"Contemporary multimodality imaging of primary 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