{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:05:38Z","timestamp":1791993938355,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-poi220066-4\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic has affected youth mental health. Increases in site-specific eating disorder (ED) care have been documented; however, multisite studies demonstrating national trends are lacking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-poi220066-5\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the number of adolescent\/young adult patients seeking inpatient and outpatient ED care before and after onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-poi220066-6\"><jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using an observational case series design, changes in volume in inpatient and outpatient ED-related care across 15 member sites (14 geographically diverse hospital-based adolescent medicine programs and 1 nonhospital-based ED program) of the US National Eating Disorder Quality Improvement Collaborative was examined. Sites reported monthly volumes of patients seeking inpatient and outpatient ED care between January 2018 and December 2021. Patient volumes pre- and postpandemic onset were compared separately for inpatient and outpatient settings. Demographic data such as race and ethnicity were not collected because this study used monthly summary data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-poi220066-7\"><jats:title>Exposures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-poi220066-8\"><jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Monthly number of patients seeking inpatient\/outpatient ED-related care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-poi220066-9\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aggregate total inpatient ED admissions were 81 in January 2018 and 109 in February 2020. Aggregate total new outpatient assessments were 195 in January 2018 and 254 in February 2020. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the relative number of pooled inpatient ED admissions were increasing over time by 0.7% per month (95% CI, 0.2%-1.3%). After onset of the pandemic, there was a significant increase in admissions over time of 7.2% per month (95% CI, 4.8%-9.7%) through April 2021, then a decrease of 3.6% per month (95% CI, \u22126.0% to \u22121.1%) through December 2021. Prepandemic, pooled data showed relative outpatient ED assessment volume was stable over time, with an immediate 39.7% decline (95% CI, \u221250.4% to \u221226.7%) in April 2020. Subsequently, new assessments increased by 8.1% (95% CI, 5.3%-11.1%) per month through April 2021, then decreased by 1.5% per month (95% CI, \u22123.6% to 0.7%) through December 2021. The nonhospital-based ED program did not demonstrate a significant increase in the absolute number of admissions after onset of the pandemic but did see a significant increase of 8.2 (95% CI, 6.2-10.2) additional inquiries for care per month in the first year after onset of the pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-poi220066-10\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, there was a significant COVID-19 pandemic-related increase in both inpatient and outpatient volume of patients with EDs across sites, particularly in the first year of the pandemic. Given inadequate ED care availability prior to the pandemic, the increased postpandemic demand will likely outstrip available resources. Results highlight the need to address ED workforce and program capacity issues as well as improve ED prevention strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.4346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T16:01:18Z","timestamp":1667836878000},"page":"1225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Association of the COVID-19 Pandemic With Adolescent and Young Adult Eating Disorder Care Volume"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"Sydney M.","family":"Hartman-Munick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"UMass Memorial Children\u2019s Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts"},{"name":"UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carly E.","family":"Milliren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula K.","family":"Braverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baystate Children\u2019s Hospital, Springfield, Massachusetts"},{"name":"UMass Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn S.","family":"Brigham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin M.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cohen Children\u2019s Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neville H.","family":"Golden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lucile Packard Children\u2019s Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica M.","family":"Jary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana C.","family":"Lemly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rollyn M.","family":"Ornstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veritas Collaborative, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Roche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen S.","family":"Rome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Children\u2019s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio"},{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine L.","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA Mattel Children\u2019s Hospital, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamini","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA Mattel Children\u2019s Hospital, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer K.","family":"Shook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State Children\u2019s Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime L.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beaumont Children\u2019s Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan"},{"name":"Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Thew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Wisconsin, Milwaukee"},{"name":"Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megen","family":"Vo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lucile Packard Children\u2019s Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Voss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri"},{"name":"University of Missouri\u2013Kansas City, Kansas City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth R.","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara F.","family":"Forman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy K.","family":"Richmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"poi220066r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.v29.3","article-title":"Can you find the right support for children, adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa: access to age-appropriate care systems in various healthcare systems.","volume":"29","author":"Herpertz-Dahlmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"poi220066r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2014.08.003","article-title":"Adolescent eating disorders: update on definitions, symptomatology, epidemiology, and comorbidity.","volume":"24","author":"Herpertz-Dahlmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"poi220066r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.03.040","article-title":"The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication.","volume":"61","author":"Hudson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"poi220066r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy342","article-title":"Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000-2018 period: a systematic literature review.","volume":"109","author":"Galmiche","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"poi220066r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-040279","article-title":"Identification and management of eating disorders in children and adolescents.","volume":"147","author":"Hornberger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"poi220066r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-021-00415-7","article-title":"The Association of Malnutrition, illness duration, and pre-morbid weight status with anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents and young adults with restrictive eating disorders: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"poi220066r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2021.114091","article-title":"What can we learn about eating disorder mortality from eating disorder diagnoses at initial assessment? a Danish nationwide register follow-up study using record linkage, encompassing 45 years (1970-2014).","volume":"303","author":"Nielsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"poi220066r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-012-0282-y","article-title":"Epidemiology of eating disorders: incidence, prevalence and mortality rates.","volume":"14","author":"Smink","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"poi220066r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research","article-title":"Epidemiology of mental health problems in COVID-19: a review.","volume":"9","author":"Hossain","year":"2020","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"poi220066r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.11.117","article-title":"Prevalence of mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"281","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"11","key":"poi220066r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.v53.11","article-title":"Early impact of COVID-19 on individuals with self-reported eating disorders: a survey of ~1,000 individuals in the United States and the Netherlands.","volume":"53","author":"Termorshuizen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"poi220066r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.v53.7","article-title":"Eating and exercise behaviors in eating disorders and the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia: initial results from the COLLATE project.","volume":"53","author":"Phillipou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"12","key":"poi220066r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.v53.12","article-title":"Eating disorder pathology and compulsive exercise during the COVID-19 public health emergency: examining risk associated with COVID-19 anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty.","volume":"53","author":"Scharmer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"11","key":"poi220066r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.v53.11","article-title":"Eating disorders in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: results from an online survey of patients with anorexia nervosa.","volume":"53","author":"Schlegl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"poi220066r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.v53.7","article-title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorder risk and symptoms.","volume":"53","author":"Rodgers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"poi220066r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4251","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18084251","article-title":"Impact of covid-19 confinement on adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa: a qualitative interview study involving adolescents and parents.","volume":"18","author":"Zeiler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"poi220066r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/26011","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on disordered eating behavior: qualitative analysis of social media posts.","volume":"8","author":"Nutley","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"poi220066r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2020.1790271","article-title":"Eating disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine: an overview of risks and recommendations for treatment and early intervention.","volume":"30","author":"Cooper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eat Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"poi220066r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.v54.7","article-title":"Disordered eating in a population-based sample of young adults during the COVID-19 outbreak.","volume":"54","author":"Simone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"poi220066r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2020-319868","article-title":"Outbreak of anorexia nervosa admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"106","author":"Haripersad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"4","key":"poi220066r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-052201","article-title":"Medical admissions among adolescents with eating disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"148","author":"Otto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"poi220066r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2021.02.014","article-title":"Eating disorder in teens during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"68","author":"Schwartz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"poi220066r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.34913","article-title":"Trends in US patients receiving care for eating disorders and other common behavioral health conditions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"4","author":"Asch","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"poi220066r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2021.05.019","article-title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of adolescents\/young adults seeking eating disorder-related care.","volume":"69","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"poi220066r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2014.06.014","article-title":"Predictors of outcome at 1 year in adolescents with DSM-5 restrictive eating disorders: report of the national eating disorders quality improvement collaborative.","volume":"55","author":"Forman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"poi220066r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2011.04.023","article-title":"An eleven site national quality improvement evaluation of adolescent medicine-based eating disorder programs: predictors of weight outcomes at one year and risk adjustment analyses.","volume":"49","author":"Forman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"35","key":"poi220066r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6935a2","article-title":"Timing of state and territorial COVID-19 stay-at-home orders and changes in population movement: United States, March 1-May 31, 2020.","volume":"69","author":"Moreland","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"poi220066r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.11.029","article-title":"Decreased hospital admissions through emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"42","author":"Nourazari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"poi220066r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.37227","article-title":"Trends in US pediatric hospital admissions in 2020 compared with the decade before the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"4","author":"Pelletier","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"23","key":"poi220066r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6923e1","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department visits: United States, January 1, 2019-May 30, 2020.","volume":"69","author":"Hartnett","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"poi220066r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.v53.11","article-title":"Telehealth transition in a comprehensive care unit for eating disorders: challenges and long-term benefits.","volume":"53","author":"Datta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"poi220066r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-021-00368-x","article-title":"What was the impact of a global pandemic (COVID-19) lockdown period on experiences within an eating disorder service? a service evaluation of the views of patients, parents\/carers and staff.","volume":"9","author":"Shaw","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"poi220066r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-021-00418-4","article-title":"Moving online: young people and parents\u2019 experiences of adolescent eating disorder day programme treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"9","author":"Brothwood","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"poi220066r1","unstructured":"Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Report: economic costs of eating disorders. Published June 2020. Accessed October 3, 2022. https:\/\/www.hsph.harvard.edu\/striped\/report-economic-costs-of-eating-disorders\/"},{"key":"poi220066r31","unstructured":"Mehrotra? A, Chernew? ME, Linetsky? D, Hatch? H, Cutler? DA, Schneider? EC. The impact of COVID-19 on outpatient visits in 2020: visits remained stable, despite a late surge in cases. The Commonwealth Fund. Published February 22, 2021. Accessed November 15, 2021. https:\/\/www.commonwealthfund.org\/publications\/2021\/feb\/impact-covid-19-outpatient-visits-2020-visits-stable-despite-late-surge"}],"container-title":["JAMA Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapediatrics\/articlepdf\/2798255\/jamapediatrics_hartmanmunick_2022_oi_220066_1669653254.98024.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T16:06:30Z","timestamp":1670256390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapediatrics\/fullarticle\/2798255"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.4346","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6203","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]}}}