{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:52:06Z","timestamp":1792713126390,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":172,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Poor parent mental health and elevated stress during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission are linked to adverse parent and infant health longitudinally.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To summarize recent literature on NICU-based interventions to support parent mental health and guide standards of care.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n A systematic data search was conducted of PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO from 2010 to December 2024.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Selection<\/jats:title>\n Studies were included if they were (1) a quantitative original study, (2) had an intervention in the NICU to support parental mental health, (3) used a validated measure of parent mental health or stress to assess outcomes, and (4) had at least 1 measurement while the infant was admitted. For the meta-analysis, studies also needed to report preintervention and postintervention means and SDs and report a control group for comparison.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Extraction and Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n Titles and abstracts, then full texts, were screened for inclusion criteria by 2 independent reviewers. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for data extraction and synthesis, and Joanna Briggs Institute risk of bias tools were used. Study data were analyzed from February 2025 to January 2026.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n The primary outcomes were parent anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma symptoms captured by several validated self-report questionnaires.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n This analysis included 160 studies with 16\u202f639 parents (mean [SD] age, 30.2 [5.8] years; 13\u202f760 female [93.5%]) including 85 estimates for meta-analysis. Bonding interventions (Hedges\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22120.90; 95% CI, \u22121.50 to \u22120.30), family-centered care and education (Hedges\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22121.49; 95% CI, \u22122.80 to \u22120.19), and psychotherapy and emotional support (Hedges\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22121.66; 95% CI, \u22121.97 to \u22121.34) were associated with a significant decrease in parent anxiety. Family-centered care and education (Hedges\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22120.75; 95% CI, \u22121.30 to \u22120.21), psychotherapy (Hedges\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22121.54; 95% CI, \u22122.17 to \u22120.19), and meditation and holistic interventions (Hedges\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22120.65; 95% CI, \u22121.20 to \u22120.10) were associated with a significant reduction in parent stress. Expressive and artistic therapies (Hedges\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22120.36; 95% CI, \u22120.68 to \u22120.04) and psychotherapy (Hedges\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , \u22120.95; 95% CI, \u22121.80 to \u22120.10) were associated with a significant reduction in parent depression.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n Results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that, given several effective interventions to reduce parent mental health symptoms in the NICU, hospitals should consider implementing those that require few additional resources such as family-centered care and education and those that have the most consistent benefits across mental health outcomes, which were psychotherapy and emotional support interventions.<\/jats:p>\n 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