{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T15:51:34Z","timestamp":1791820294815,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-poi260065-4\">\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anxiety symptoms are common among US adolescents and associated with substantial psychiatric burden, yet contemporary nationally representative estimates of anxiety symptom severity, associated clinical conditions, and treatment utilization are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-poi260065-5\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and symptom severity among US adolescents and examine associated co-occurring psychiatric conditions and treatment utilization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-poi260065-6\">\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study used data from the 2024 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a nationally representative survey of the US civilian, noninstitutionalized population. Participants included adolescents aged 12 to 20 years. Data were analyzed in June 2026.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-poi260065-7\">\n                    <jats:title>Exposure(s)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire, a brief self-report screener designed to identify probable generalized anxiety disorder and measure symptom severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-poi260065-8\">\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>National estimates of anxiety symptom severity were generated overall and by sociodemographic characteristics. Co-occurring psychiatric and substance use conditions and past-year mental health treatment utilization were examined across anxiety symptom severity categories. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with severe anxiety and receipt of mental health treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-poi260065-9\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 15\u202f730 adolescents (7725 [48.9%] female), 3642 (23.7%) reported mild anxiety symptoms, 1599 (9.6%) reported moderate symptoms, and 1252 (7.2%) reported severe symptoms. Female adolescents had substantially higher rates of moderate (13.4% vs 6.0%) and severe (10.8% vs 3.7%) anxiety symptoms than males. Among adolescents with severe anxiety symptoms, 802 (65.8%) met criteria for a past-year major depressive episode, 536 (48.2%) reported past-year suicidal thoughts, and 392 (31.0%) reported past-month substance use. Despite this high burden of co-occurring mental health conditions, 512 adolescents (41.2%) with severe anxiety symptoms and 793 (48.3%) of those with moderate anxiety symptoms received no mental health treatment during the preceding year. In multivariable analyses, mental health treatment was less likely among male adolescents, racial and ethnic minoritized adolescents, and uninsured adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-poi260065-10\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Per the results of this cross-sectional study, approximately 1 in 6 US adolescents reported moderate or severe anxiety symptoms in 2024, yet a substantial proportion received no mental health treatment. The high prevalence of anxiety symptoms, frequent co-occurrence with depression and suicidal thoughts, and large unmet need underscore the importance of improving early identification and access to evidence-based treatment for adolescents with anxiety symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2026.4702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T15:30:29Z","timestamp":1791819029000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Estimates of Anxiety Symptoms Among US Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1001","author":[{"given":"Tanner J.","family":"Bommersbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia A.","family":"Fontanella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus"},{"name":"Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Olfson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York"},{"name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taeho Greg","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut"},{"name":"New England Mental Illness, Research Education, and Clinical Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"poi260065r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.05.017","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in U.S. adolescents: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication\u2013Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A).","volume":"49","author":"Merikangas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"poi260065r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication.","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"poi260065r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.12.003","article-title":"Excess mortality due to depression and anxiety in the United States: results from a nationally representative survey.","volume":"39","author":"Pratt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"poi260065r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291706009147","article-title":"Anxiety disorders and suicidal behaviours in adolescence and young adulthood: findings from a longitudinal study.","volume":"37","author":"Boden","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"poi260065r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-015-1083-5","article-title":"Long-term effects of mental disorders on educational attainment in the National Comorbidity Survey ten-year follow-up.","volume":"50","author":"Mojtabai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"poi260065r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-024-00484-5","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of impairment and quality of life in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders.","volume":"27","author":"Dickson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"poi260065r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713002997","article-title":"Threshold and subthreshold generalized anxiety disorder among US adolescents: prevalence, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics.","volume":"44","author":"Burstein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"poi260065r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-14-128","article-title":"The prevalence and burden of subthreshold generalized anxiety disorder: a systematic review.","volume":"14","author":"Haller","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"poi260065r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.080572","article-title":"Psychiatric history and subthreshold symptoms as predictors of the occurrence of depressive or anxiety disorder within 2 years.","volume":"198","author":"Karsten","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"poi260065r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2018.03.002","article-title":"Time trends in the global prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents: gap in data on U.S. youth.","volume":"57","author":"Merikangas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"poi260065r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjmad.2024.100047","article-title":"A review of US nationally representative data sources of child and adolescent anxiety.","volume":"5","author":"Parodi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Mood Anxiety Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"poi260065r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.su7102a1","article-title":"Mental health surveillance among children - United States, 2013-2019.","volume":"71","author":"Bitsko","year":"2022","journal-title":"MMWR Suppl"},{"issue":"5","key":"poi260065r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000000571","article-title":"Epidemiology and impact of health care provider-diagnosed anxiety and depression among US children.","volume":"39","author":"Bitsko","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"key":"poi260065r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.09.021","article-title":"Prevalence and treatment of depression, anxiety, and conduct problems in US children.","volume":"206","author":"Ghandour","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"poi260065r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.0056","article-title":"Five-year trends in US children\u2019s health and well-being, 2016-2020.","volume":"176","author":"Lebrun-Harris","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"poi260065r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2025.0556","article-title":"Trends in mental and physical health among youths.","volume":"179","author":"Heffernan","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"poi260065r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103357","article-title":"National trends in clinically recognized anxiety among US children and adolescents.","volume":"26","author":"Diggs","year":"2026","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"poi260065r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014573708569","article-title":"Issues in parent-child agreement: the case of structured diagnostic interviews.","volume":"5","author":"Grills","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"poi260065r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00205.x","article-title":"Teenagers are right\u2013parents do not know much: an analysis of adolescent-parent agreement on reports of adolescent substance use, abuse, and dependence.","volume":"30","author":"Fisher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"poi260065r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.2482","article-title":"Global prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents during COVID-19: a meta-analysis.","volume":"175","author":"Racine","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"poi260065r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2024.01.021","article-title":"COVID-19 and youth mental health disparities: intersectional trends in depression, anxiety and suicide risk-related diagnoses.","volume":"24","author":"Prichett","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"poi260065r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2023.0846","article-title":"Changes in depression and anxiety among children and adolescents from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"177","author":"Madigan","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"17","key":"poi260065r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.4809","article-title":"National trends in mental health-related emergency department visits among youth, 2011-2020.","volume":"329","author":"Bommersbach","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"poi260065r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd21.240142","article-title":"Trends in mental, behavioral, and developmental disorders among children and adolescents in the US, 2016-2021.","volume":"21","author":"Leeb","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"poi260065r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1177\/104012371702900404","article-title":"The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale in adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder: signal detection and validation.","volume":"29","author":"Mossman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"poi260065r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7.","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"poi260065r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.12.004","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) in a large representative sample of Finnish adolescents.","volume":"272","author":"Tiirikainen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"poi260065r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-2151","article-title":"Age limit of pediatrics.","volume":"140","author":"Hardin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"poi260065r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.2190\/T8EM-C8YH-373N-1UWD","article-title":"Assessing psychiatric impairment in primary care with the Sheehan Disability Scale.","volume":"27","author":"Leon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"poi260065r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1017\/pan.2018.18","article-title":"A note on listwise deletion versus multiple imputation.","volume":"26","author":"Pepinsky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polit Anal"},{"key":"poi260065r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/da\/6514030","article-title":"Identifying risk and protective factors impacting the clinical outcomes of subthreshold anxiety in early adolescents: insights from the ABCD Study.","volume":"2025","author":"Keyin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"issue":"4","key":"poi260065r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-058227","article-title":"Disparities in pediatric mental and behavioral health conditions.","volume":"150","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"poi260065r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.10.006","article-title":"Service utilization for lifetime mental disorders in U.S. adolescents: results of the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A).","volume":"50","author":"Merikangas","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"poi260065r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.05.005","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with anxiety disorders.","volume":"59","author":"Walter","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"poi260065r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23794925.2024.2414441","article-title":"Evaluating agreement between medical record diagnoses and independent evaluator diagnoses in a community-based effectiveness study.","author":"Adams","year":"2024","journal-title":"Evid Based Pract Child Adolesc Ment Health"},{"issue":"14","key":"poi260065r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.16936","article-title":"Screening for anxiety in children and adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement.","volume":"328","author":"Mangione","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"poi260065r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-059416","article-title":"Trends in office-based anxiety treatment among US children, youth, and young adults: 2006-2018.","volume":"152","author":"Chavez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"poi260065r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.1141","article-title":"Integrated medical-behavioral care compared with usual primary care for child and adolescent behavioral health: a meta-analysis.","volume":"169","author":"Asarnow","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"poi260065r21","volume-title":"Protecting Youth Mental Health: The US Surgeon General\u2019s Advisory","author":"Office of the Surgeon General","year":"2021"},{"key":"poi260065r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","edition":"5th ed"},{"key":"poi260065r29","unstructured":"2024 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): methodological summary and definitions. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Accessed July 2, 2026. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/report\/2024-methodological-summary-and-definitions"},{"key":"poi260065r31","unstructured":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research (EQUATOR) Network. Accessed September 25, 2019. http:\/\/www.equator-network.org\/reporting-guidelines\/strobe\/"},{"key":"poi260065r38","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: results from the 2024 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. PEP25-07-007, NSDUH Series H-60). Accessed September 8, 2026. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/rpt56287\/2024-nsduh-annual-national-report.pdf"}],"container-title":["JAMA Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapediatrics\/articlepdf\/2855207\/jamapediatrics_bommersbach_2026_oi_260065_1791217940.92017.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T15:30:31Z","timestamp":1791819031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapediatrics\/fullarticle\/2855207"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"references-count":43,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2026.4702","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6203","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]}}}