{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:57:35Z","timestamp":1792515455307,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]},"DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.0638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T15:42:57Z","timestamp":1556120577000},"page":"791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Efficacy of Integrated Exposure Therapy vs Integrated Coping Skills Therapy for Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Sonya B.","family":"Norman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California"},{"name":"National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, Vermont"},{"name":"VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, California"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Trim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moira","family":"Haller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittany C.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California"},{"name":"James A. Haley Veterans\u2019 Hospital, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula S.","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Colvonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California"},{"name":"VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, California"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Blanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California"},{"name":"San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University\/University of California, San Diego"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma Y.","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail C.","family":"Angkaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California"},{"name":"National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, Vermont"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla"},{"name":"San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University\/University of California, San Diego"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Norman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Mayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"yoi190019r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.617","article-title":"Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication.","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"yoi190019r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.027","article-title":"Substance use disorders in Iraq and Afghanistan veterans in VA healthcare, 2001-2010: implications for screening, diagnosis and treatment.","volume":"116","author":"Seal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"3","key":"yoi190019r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.2008.32.issue-3","article-title":"Trauma and PTSD in patients with alcohol, drug, or dual dependence: a multi-center study.","volume":"32","author":"Driessen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"yoi190019r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.11.006","article-title":"Health problems of substance-dependent veterans with and those without trauma history.","volume":"33","author":"Tate","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"issue":"8","key":"yoi190019r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.11m06956","article-title":"PTSD comorbidity and suicidal ideation associated with PTSD within the Ohio Army National Guard.","volume":"72","author":"Calabrese","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"yoi190019r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.2011.20.issue-5","article-title":"Association of substance use and VA service-connected disability benefits with risk of homelessness among veterans.","volume":"20","author":"Edens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"key":"yoi190019r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.09.011","article-title":"Differences in protective factors among U.S. Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use disorder, and their comorbidity: results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.","volume":"194","author":"Straus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"2","key":"yoi190019r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.67.2.194","article-title":"A comparison of exposure therapy, stress inoculation training, and their combination for reducing posttraumatic stress disorder in female assault victims.","volume":"67","author":"Foa","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"yoi190019r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(01)00182-9","article-title":"Exposure therapy in the treatment of PTSD among cocaine-dependent individuals: preliminary findings.","volume":"21","author":"Brady","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"yoi190019r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(98)00067-1","article-title":"Substance dependence posttraumatic stress disorder therapy: an integrated cognitive-behavioral approach.","volume":"17","author":"Triffleman","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"key":"yoi190019r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2015.02.007","article-title":"Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"38","author":"Roberts","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"yoi190019r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.9071","article-title":"Integrated exposure-based therapy for co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder and substance dependence: a randomized controlled trial.","volume":"308","author":"Mills","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"yoi190019r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1159\/000462977","article-title":"Concurrent treatment with prolonged exposure for co-occurring full or subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders: a randomized clinical trial.","volume":"86","author":"Ruglass","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"issue":"2","key":"yoi190019r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000286","article-title":"Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE): a pilot study in alcohol-dependent women.","volume":"11","author":"Persson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Addict Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"yoi190019r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(03)00138-4","article-title":"A survey of psychologists\u2019 attitudes towards and utilization of exposure therapy for PTSD.","volume":"42","author":"Becker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"yoi190019r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2007.10400609","article-title":"Implementing an evidence-based practice.","volume":"39","author":"Brown","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Psychoactive Drugs"},{"key":"yoi190019r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2015.04.011","article-title":"Maximizing the utility of a single site randomized controlled psychotherapy trial.","volume":"42","author":"Norman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"yoi190019r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.03.001","article-title":"Examining various subthreshold definitions of PTSD using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5.","volume":"234","author":"Franklin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"yoi190019r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000486","article-title":"The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5): development and initial psychometric evaluation in military veterans.","volume":"30","author":"Weathers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"issue":"3","key":"yoi190019r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/issn.1846-7482","article-title":"Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic.","volume":"22","author":"McHugh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"issue":"1","key":"yoi190019r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(96)01263-X","article-title":"The reliability of the Alcohol Timeline Followback when administered by telephone and by computer.","volume":"42","author":"Sobell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"1","key":"yoi190019r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-1-200007040-00004","article-title":"Adherence to protease inhibitor therapy and outcomes in patients with HIV infection.","volume":"133","author":"Paterson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"yoi190019r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0149-7189(82)90074-X","article-title":"The client satisfaction questionnaire: psychometric properties and correlations with service utilization and psychotherapy outcome.","volume":"5","author":"Attkisson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Eval Program Plann"},{"issue":"1","key":"yoi190019r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.09091261","article-title":"Do treatment improvements in PTSD severity affect substance use outcomes? a secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial in NIDA\u2019s Clinical Trials Network.","volume":"167","author":"Hien","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"yoi190019r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2015.11.005","article-title":"Integrated cognitive behavioral therapy versus cognitive processing therapy for adults with depression, substance use disorder, and trauma.","volume":"62","author":"Haller","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"issue":"10","key":"yoi190019r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000345","article-title":"Lagged effects of substance use on PTSD severity in a randomized controlled trial with modified prolonged exposure and relapse prevention.","volume":"86","author":"Hien","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"yoi190019r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2005.05.008","article-title":"Cocaine dependence and PTSD: a pilot study of symptom interplay and treatment preferences.","volume":"31","author":"Back","year":"2006","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"8","key":"yoi190019r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2004.02.061","article-title":"Substance use and posttraumatic stress disorders: symptom interplay and effects on outcome.","volume":"29","author":"Read","year":"2004","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"yoi190019r44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/01.yco.0000069080.26384.d8","article-title":"Current review of the comorbidity of affective, anxiety, and substance use disorders.","volume":"16","author":"Myrick","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"yoi190019r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.13.2.89","article-title":"Substance abuse patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): identifying specific triggers of substance use and their associations with PTSD symptoms.","volume":"13","author":"Sharkansky","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"yoi190019r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(97)00293-6","article-title":"Untreated symptoms of PTSD among cocaine-dependent individuals: changes over time.","volume":"15","author":"Dansky","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"issue":"1","key":"yoi190019r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18805","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v3i0.18805","article-title":"Examining potential contraindications for prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD.","volume":"3","author":"van Minnen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"yoi190019r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2014.922227","article-title":"Peer-led seeking safety: results of a pilot outcome study with relevance to public health.","volume":"46","author":"Najavits","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Psychoactive Drugs"},{"issue":"2","key":"yoi190019r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.08.016","article-title":"Cognitive processing therapy for veterans with comorbid PTSD and alcohol use disorders.","volume":"39","author":"Kaysen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"yoi190019r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2014.921744","article-title":"Treating trauma in addiction with EMDR: a pilot study.","volume":"46","author":"Perez-Dandieu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Psychoactive Drugs"},{"issue":"2","key":"yoi190019r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026291","article-title":"Efficacy of group treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: a meta-analysis.","volume":"5","author":"Sloan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"yoi190019r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.2729","article-title":"Effect of group vs individual cognitive processing therapy in active-duty military seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized clinical trial.","volume":"74","author":"Resick","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"yoi190019r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e541","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12r08225","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the efficacy of treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder.","volume":"74","author":"Watts","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"yoi190019r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.11.032","article-title":"Concurrent treatment of substance use disorders and PTSD using prolonged exposure: a randomized clinical trial in military veterans.","volume":"90","author":"Back","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"yoi190019r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/med:psych\/9780195308501.001.0001","volume-title":"Prolonged Exposure Therapy for PTSD: Emotional Processing of Traumatic Experiences Therapist Guide","author":"Foa","year":"2007"},{"key":"yoi190019r10","volume-title":"Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Assessment of the Evidence","author":"Institute of Medicine","year":"2007"},{"key":"yoi190019r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1037\/10460-007","volume-title":"Trauma and Substance Abuse: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment of Comorbid Disorders","author":"Coffey","year":"2003"},{"key":"yoi190019r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-74290-8_7","volume-title":"Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders","author":"Riggs","year":"2008"},{"key":"yoi190019r15","volume-title":"Guideline for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder","author":"National Institute for Health and Clinical Practice","year":"2018"},{"key":"yoi190019r16","volume-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Adults","author":"American Psychological Association Guideline Development Panel for the Treatment of PTSD in Adults","year":"2017"},{"key":"yoi190019r17","volume-title":"Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Management (Clinical Guideline)","author":"National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE)","year":"2005"},{"key":"yoi190019r24","volume-title":"Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies for Trauma","author":"Najavits","year":"2006"},{"key":"yoi190019r25","volume-title":"Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE): Therapist Guide","author":"Back","year":"2014"},{"key":"yoi190019r26","volume-title":"Seeking Safety: A Treatment Manual for PTSD and Substance Abuse","author":"Najavits","year":"2002"},{"key":"yoi190019r30","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Patient Edition","author":"First","year":"2002"},{"key":"yoi190019r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-0357-5_3","volume-title":"Measuring Alcohol Consumption: Psychological and Biochemical Methods","author":"Sobell","year":"1992"},{"key":"yoi190019r32","volume-title":"SAS\/IML Studio 3. 3 for SAS\/STAT Users","author":"SAS Institute","year":"2010"},{"key":"yoi190019r38","volume-title":"Seeking Safety Adherence Scale","author":"Najavits","year":"2003"},{"key":"yoi190019r40","first-page":"126","volume-title":"IBM SPSS statistics version 21","author":"IBM","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["JAMA Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapsychiatry\/article-pdf\/76\/8\/791\/17754197\/jamapsychiatry_norman_2019_oi_190019.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T15:01:38Z","timestamp":1565190098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapsychiatry\/fullarticle\/2731312"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.0638","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-622X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-622X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]}}}