{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T04:03:18Z","timestamp":1767844998698,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>Reliance on abstinence-based treatment success rules may fail to capture the full continuum of treatment response to buprenorphine plus medical counseling (BUP+MC) for opioid use disorder (OUD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To describe patterns of reduction in illicit opioid use of patients both labeled as a success and nonsuccess based on an abstinent-based treatment outcome rule.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>This study is a secondary data analysis of 4 harmonized randomized clinical trials on BUP+MC for OUD from multiple sites that included 869 patients with OUD. These data were analyzed on April 23, 2024. By week 12, 643 participants of the sample original remained (74%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Intervention<\/jats:title>All studies included patients randomized to BUP+MC or BUP plus enhanced MC (eg, delivered with adjunctive cognitive behavioral therapy).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>Weekly self-reported days of illicit opioid use through 12 weeks of treatment. Abstinence was confirmed by urine drug screen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>This study included 869 adults with OUD aged 18 to 69 (mean, 34.2 [SD, 10.45]) years; 287 patients were female (33%), 52 identified as Black (6%), 70 identified Hispanic (8%), 713 identified as White (82%), and 34 identified as other racial groups (4%). Only 377 patients (43%) would have been labeled a success using an abstinence-based success rule. However, the total sample reported a decrease from a mean baseline rate of illicit opioid use nearly every day (6.21 [SD, 1.50] days per week) to a mean of less than 1 day per week at week 12 (0.54 [SD, 1.28]). Importantly, even those who were labeled as nonsuccessful reported a substantial reduction in opioid use from a mean of 6.29 (SD, 1.42) days per week to 1.51 (SD, 1.76) days per week.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion and Relevance<\/jats:title>In this study, about half of patients receiving BUP+MC achieved near complete abstinence; however, many more experienced a partial treatment response characterized by a substantial reduction in illicit opioid use that falls short of abstinence. Future studies are needed to characterize how these reductions are associated with functional and long-term outcomes. Dissemination of BUP+MC as part of standard buprenorphine prescribing practices is an essential next step given the robust average response of this intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2024.3836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T16:00:32Z","timestamp":1733328032000},"page":"201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Capturing the Full Range of Buprenorphine Treatment Response"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Allen J.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Alcohol, Drugs, and Addiction, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria R.","family":"Votaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Alcohol, Drugs, and Addiction, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger D.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Alcohol, Drugs, and Addiction, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. 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