{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:07:02Z","timestamp":1790208422437,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Sports gambling has become one of the most accessible forms of gambling in the United States, and recent research suggests that sports gambling coupled with frequent alcohol use may have deleterious health consequences.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To examine the trajectories of sports gambling frequency and alcohol-related problems over time and the associations between these trajectories.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n This survey study was a 2-year longitudinal study conducted in the United States. Participants were recruited from a nonprobability internet panel from 2 sources: a large cross-section of adults matched and weighted to US Census norms and a specific oversample of sports-gambling adults. Recruitment began in spring 2022, and the last surveys concluded in spring 2024. To identify trajectories within sports gambling frequency and alcohol use problems, latent growth curve modeling was used.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n At each time point, the National Institute on Drug Abuse\u2013modified Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test 2 was used to assess alcohol-related problems and sports gambling frequency was assessed by a single item.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The cross-section of US adults (n\u2009=\u20092806) and oversample of sports-gambling adults (n\u2009=\u20091557) resulted in a total baseline sample of 4363 (mean [SD] age, 49.6 [16.2] years; 2243 men [51.4%] and 2120 women or nonbinary gender reported [48.6%]). Latent growth curve modeling revealed that alcohol problems decreased over time (slope\u2009=\u2009\u22120.059; 95% CI, \u22120.090 to \u22120.028). Sports gambling frequency did not show a significant trend over time (slope\u2009=\u2009\u22120.003; 95% CI, \u22120.053 to 0.047), though there was significant variance in this slope (variance\u2009=\u20090.024; 95% CI, 0.013 to 0.034). The trajectories of alcohol-related problems and sports gambling did not move independently, instead being highly positively correlated, suggesting that increases in one would correspond to increases in the other.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n This study found that over time, the trajectory of sports gambling frequency was associated with the trajectory of alcohol-related problems. Screening and treatment interventions are recommended for sport gamblers who also drink concurrently, especially because this group appears to be at an elevated risk for developing greater alcohol-related problems over time.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2025.0024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T11:02:35Z","timestamp":1741172555000},"page":"526","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Sports Gambling and Drinking Behaviors Over Time"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Joshua B.","family":"Grubbs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Alcohol, Substance Use, and Addictions, Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander J.","family":"Connolly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Alcohol, Substance Use, and Addictions, Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Graupensperger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyoun S.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane W.","family":"Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"ybr250001r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.39670","article-title":"Symptoms of problem gambling among US adults who wager on sports.","volume":"5","author":"Grubbs","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"ybr250001r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2015.03.016","article-title":"Broadening an understanding of problem gambling: the lifestyle consumption community of sports betting.","volume":"68","author":"Gordon","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bus Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"ybr250001r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1080\/16066359.2017.1353082","article-title":"A content analysis of how \u2018normal\u2019 sports betting behaviour is represented in gambling advertising.","volume":"26","author":"Lopez-Gonzalez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addict Res Theory"},{"issue":"4","key":"ybr250001r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1177\/1469540517736559","article-title":"Lifestyle gambling, indebtedness and anxiety: a deviant leisure perspective.","volume":"20","author":"Raymen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Consum Cult"},{"issue":"1","key":"ybr250001r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/28324765.2023.2231497","article-title":"Sports wagering in the context of addictive disorders: results from a census-matched U.S. sample.","volume":"2","author":"Grubbs","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cogent Ment Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"ybr250001r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2023.00030","article-title":"Who makes in-play bets? investigating the demographics, psychological characteristics, and gambling-related harms of in-play sports bettors.","volume":"12","author":"Vieira","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"issue":"8","key":"ybr250001r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000948","article-title":"Dispositional and contextual correlates of in-play sports betting and related harms: a 2-week ecological momentary assessment study.","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"key":"ybr250001r10","first-page":"87","article-title":"Characteristics of in-play sports bettors and antecedents of in-play bets.","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"issue":"8","key":"ybr250001r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000971","article-title":"Demographic, gambling, and psychological characteristics of sports bettors in a stratified sample of adults who gamble regularly.","volume":"37","author":"Snaychuk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"ybr250001r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.5473","article-title":"Binge drinking among sports gamblers.","volume":"7","author":"Grubbs","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ybr250001r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316696","volume-title":"Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys","author":"Rubin","year":"1987"},{"key":"ybr250001r1","unstructured":"Gramlich? J; Pew Research Center. As more states legalize the practice, 19% of U.S. adults say they have bet money on sports in the past year. September 14, 2022. Accessed February 26, 2024. https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/short-reads\/2022\/09\/14\/as-more-states-legalize-the-practice-19-of-u-s-adults-say-they-have-bet-money-on-sports-in-the-past-year\/"},{"key":"ybr250001r3","unstructured":"Levy? D; Siena College Research Institute. American Sports Fanship Survey (ASFS) 2024: Release 1. Accessed April 29, 2024. https:\/\/scri.siena.edu\/american-sports-fanship-survey-2024\/"},{"key":"ybr250001r13","unstructured":"US Census Bureau. American Community Survey (ACS) 2019. Accessed October 31, 2022. https:\/\/www.census.gov\/programs-surveys\/acs"},{"key":"ybr250001r14","unstructured":"National Institute on Drug Abuse. Screening for drug use in general medical settings, 2009. Accessed November 29, 2021. https:\/\/nida.nih.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/pdf\/screening_qr.pdf"}],"container-title":["JAMA Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapsychiatry\/articlepdf\/2830863\/jamapsychiatry_grubbs_2025_br_250001_1745421119.17438.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T11:54:40Z","timestamp":1746618880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapsychiatry\/fullarticle\/2830863"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2025.0024","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-622X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-622X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]}}}