{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T04:43:26Z","timestamp":1793421806888,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are no large prospective cohort studies validating the previously reported high appendiceal tumor rate in patients with periappendicular abscess.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To confirm the appendiceal neoplasm rate associated with periappendicular abscess.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Peri-Appendicitis Acuta Tumor prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted at 12 hospitals in Finland. All consecutive adult patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis were included, focusing on patients with imaging confirmed periappendicular abscess undergoing interval appendectomy or emergency appendectomy with available histopathology from December 3, 2020, through December 2, 2022. These data were analyzed from May 2023 to September 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recommended treatment was initial antibiotics and, if needed, drainage, followed by interval appendectomy at 3 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main outcome was appendiceal tumor rate associated with periappendicular abscess. Secondary outcomes included tumor histology and prognostic factors for appendiceal tumor (age, sex, body mass index, duration of symptoms, C-reactive protein level, white blood cell count, computed tomography findings, and tumor markers).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were 6165 consecutive patients with acute appendicitis. Of these, 396 patients (6.4%) presented with periappendicular abscess, with 9 patients declining to participate and 17 patients without available appendiceal histopathology, leaving 370 patients for the analysis (181 female [48.8%] and 189 male [51.2%]; median age, 58 [range, 18-90] years). Appendiceal tumor rate in patients with periappendicular abscess was 14.3% (53 of 370; 95% CI, 10.8%-17.9%), which was higher compared with uncomplicated acute appendicitis (14.3% vs 1.5%; 48 of 3170; 95% CI, 1.1%-1.9%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001) and complicated acute appendicitis without periappendicular abscess (14.3% vs 2.4%; 63 of 2599; 95% CI, 1.8%-3.0%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001). Patient age (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04-1.09;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001) was the only factor associated with periappendicular abscess tumor prevalence. A cutoff point of age 35 years with high sensitivity was chosen (area under the curve, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.68-0.82) and only 1 patient below this threshold presented with an appendiceal tumor (sensitivity, 98.1%; 95% CI, 94.5-100). Of the 54 tumors on 53 patients, there were 21 low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms, 20 adenocarcinomas, 8 adenomas, and 5 neuroendocrine tumors. The complication rate of emergency appendectomy was higher than after interval appendectomy (31.3% [70 of 224] vs 4.8% [5 of 105], respectively [\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001]).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This large prospective cohort study confirmed a high appendiceal tumor rate associated with periappendicular abscess, especially in patients older than 35 years. At the least, all patients older than 35 years should undergo routine interval appendectomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT04634448?term=NCT04634448&amp;amp;amp;rank=1\">NCT04634448<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2025.0312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T12:49:15Z","timestamp":1743770955000},"page":"526","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Appendiceal Tumor Prevalence in Patients With Periappendicular Abscess"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Roosa","family":"Salminen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oulu University Hospital and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Alaj\u00e4\u00e4ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Satasairaala Central Hospital, Pori, Finland"},{"name":"Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tero","family":"Rautio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oulu University Hospital and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saija","family":"Hurme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pia","family":"Nordstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery, Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"M\u00e4k\u00e4r\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oulu University Hospital and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elina","family":"Lietz\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarja","family":"Pinta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Sein\u00e4joki Central Hospital, Sein\u00e4joki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Gr\u00f6nroos-Korhonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, P\u00e4ij\u00e4t-H\u00e4me Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland"},{"name":"University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuomo","family":"Rantanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Anders\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Mattila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyrki","family":"K\u00f6ssi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, P\u00e4ij\u00e4t-H\u00e4me Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Riikola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Lapland Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannu","family":"Paajanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Mikkeli Central Hospital, Mikkeli, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markku","family":"Matikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, North Karelia Central Hospital, Joensuu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesa","family":"Pokela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, North Karelia Central Hospital, Joensuu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Salminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"soi250008r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000256391.05233.aa","article-title":"Disconnect between incidence of nonperforated and perforated appendicitis: implications for pathophysiology and management.","volume":"245","author":"Livingston","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"soi250008r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2011.2","article-title":"Epidemiological similarities between appendicitis and diverticulitis suggesting a common underlying pathogenesis.","volume":"146","author":"Livingston","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"soi250008r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-022-04132-8","article-title":"The association between appendicitis severity and patient age with appendiceal neoplasm histology-a population-based study.","volume":"37","author":"Alaj\u00e4\u00e4ski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"soi250008r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2021.01.010","article-title":"Risk of appendiceal neoplasm after interval appendectomy for complicated appendicitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"19","author":"Peltrini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"issue":"6","key":"soi250008r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2023.0284","article-title":"Outcomes of nonoperative vs operative management of acute appendicitis in older adults in the US.","volume":"158","author":"Meier","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"soi250008r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-020-03607-w","article-title":"Computed tomography diagnosed first time diverticulitis and colorectal cancer.","volume":"35","author":"Fogelstrom","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"soi250008r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1177\/14574969231175567","article-title":"Risk for colorectal cancer after computed tomography verified acute diverticulitis: a retrospective cohort study with long-term follow-up.","volume":"112","author":"M\u00e4ntym\u00e4ki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scand J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"soi250008r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-018-3156-x","article-title":"Appendiceal neoplasm risk associated with complicated acute appendicitis-a population based study.","volume":"34","author":"Lietz\u00e9n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"soi250008r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-017-0122-9","article-title":"Acute appendicitis, inflammatory appendiceal mass and the risk of a hidden malignant tumor: a systematic review of the literature.","volume":"12","author":"Teixeira","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"soi250008r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-019-03453-5","article-title":"Risk factors for appendiceal neoplasm and malignancy among patients with acute appendicitis.","volume":"35","author":"Brunner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"soi250008r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2018.4373","article-title":"Risk of appendiceal neoplasm in periappendicular abscess in patients treated with interval appendectomy vs follow-up with magnetic resonance imaging: 1-year outcomes of the Peri-Appendicitis Acuta Randomized Clinical Trial.","volume":"154","author":"M\u00e4llinen","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"soi250008r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481207800344","article-title":"Increased risk of neoplasm in appendicitis treated with interval appendectomy: single-institution experience and literature review.","volume":"78","author":"Carpenter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"soi250008r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2013.1212","article-title":"Increased risk of mucinous neoplasm of the appendix in adults undergoing interval appendectomy.","volume":"148","author":"Furman","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"soi250008r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2014.09.020","article-title":"Is there truly an oncologic indication for interval appendectomy?","volume":"209","author":"Wright","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"soi250008r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3855","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-020-07798-9","article-title":"Is interval appendectomy really needed? A closer look at neoplasm rates in adult patients undergoing interval appendectomy after complicated appendicitis.","volume":"35","author":"Hayes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"5","key":"soi250008r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.3393\/ac.2019.10.15.1","article-title":"Increased risk of neoplasms in adult patients undergoing interval appendectomy.","volume":"36","author":"Son","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Coloproctol"},{"issue":"5","key":"soi250008r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-010-1124-1","article-title":"A retrospective clinicopathological analysis of appendiceal tumors from 3,744 appendectomies: a single-institution study.","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"soi250008r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-021-01224-0","article-title":"Appendiceal adenocarcinoma found by surgery for acute appendicitis is associated with older age.","volume":"21","author":"Skendelas","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"soi250008r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151724","article-title":"Rising incidence of appendiceal neoplasms over time: Does pathological handling of appendectomy specimens play a role?","volume":"52","author":"Bahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Diagn Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"soi250008r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000000172","article-title":"Appendiceal cancer in the national cancer database: increasing frequency, decreasing age, and shifting histology.","volume":"234","author":"Salazar","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"soi250008r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.05.044","article-title":"Increased risk of malignancy for patients older than 40 years with appendicitis and an appendix wider than 10 mm on computed tomography scan: a post hoc analysis of an EAST multicenter study.","volume":"168","author":"Naar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"13","key":"soi250008r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8265","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-022-12362-x","article-title":"Appendiceal incidentalomas: prevalence, radiographic characteristics, management, and outcomes.","volume":"29","author":"Kelly","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"soi250008r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25608","article-title":"Risk of appendiceal cancer in patients undergoing appendectomy for appendicitis in the era of increasing nonoperative management.","volume":"120","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"soi250008r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1177\/14574969231192128","article-title":"Five-year follow-up of appendiceal neoplasm risk in periappendicular abscess in the Peri-Appendicitis Acuta Randomized Clinical Trial.","volume":"112","author":"Salminen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scand J Surg"},{"issue":"9596","key":"soi250008r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies.","volume":"370","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"soi250008r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000133083.54934.ae","article-title":"Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey.","volume":"240","author":"Dindo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"soi250008r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1177\/0003134820960077","article-title":"Risk factors for appendiceal cancer after appendectomy.","volume":"87","author":"Stopenski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"soi250008r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-016-0996-0","article-title":"Early identification of DPAM in at-risk low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm patients: a new approach to surveillance for peritoneal metastasis.","volume":"14","author":"Foster","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"soi250008r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31817ec31e","article-title":"Prognostic significance of localized extra-appendiceal mucin deposition in appendiceal mucinous neoplasms.","volume":"33","author":"Yantiss","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"soi250008r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3154","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-022-09517-y","article-title":"[S073]-The impact of interval appendectomy timing on follow-up adverse outcomes.","volume":"37","author":"Noubani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"12","key":"soi250008r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2021.5003","article-title":"Factors associated with primary nonresponsiveness to antibiotics in adults with uncomplicated acute appendicitis: a prespecified secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.","volume":"156","author":"Haijanen","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"soi250008r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2021.6900","article-title":"Patient factors associated with appendectomy within 30 days of initiating antibiotic treatment for appendicitis.","volume":"157","author":"Monsell","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"soi250008r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2024.0235","article-title":"Development and validation of the scoring system of appendicitis severity 2.0.","volume":"159","author":"Scheijmans","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"soi250008r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2024.0236","article-title":"Improved tool to assess complicated appendicitis probability.","volume":"159","author":"Haijanen","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"soi250008r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1093\/bjs\/znad240","article-title":"Appendiceal neoplasms in patients treated with antibiotics for acute appendicitis: secondary analysis of the CODA randomized clinical trial.","volume":"110","author":"Writing Group for the CODA Collaborative","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"soi250008r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000002567","article-title":"Preoperative computed tomography is poor in detecting tumors of the appendix among patients with acute appendicitis: a cohort study of 5,224 appendectomies.","volume":"88","author":"Kangaspunta","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"}],"container-title":["JAMA Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamasurgery\/articlepdf\/2832075\/jamasurgery_salminen_2025_oi_250008_1747170513.19134.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T11:02:58Z","timestamp":1747220578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamasurgery\/fullarticle\/2832075"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamasurg.2025.0312","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6254"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6254","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]}}}