{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T16:24:50Z","timestamp":1787156690553,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-ybr260004-4\">\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The number of US adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD) has declined, whereas the number with cannabis use disorder (CUD) has increased. Little is known about how changes in the prevalence and severity of AUD and CUD vary by age and sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ybr260004-5\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate trends in AUD and CUD prevalence and severity by age and sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ybr260004-6\">\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study examined data from adult participants in the 2021 to 2024 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. This study was started and completed in March 2026.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ybr260004-7\">\n                    <jats:title>Exposure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol and cannabis use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ybr260004-8\">\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Past-year prevalence and severity of AUD and CUD using\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DSM-5<\/jats:italic>\n                      criteria.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ybr260004-9\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From 2021 through 2024 among 186\u202f823 participants (51.3% female; 4.9% aged 18-20 years; 24.1% aged 21-34 years; 24.7% aged 35-49 years), past-year CUD prevalence increased among males (from 7.3% [95% CI, 6.6%-8.1%] to 9.3% [95% CI, 8.6%-10.1%];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001) and females (from 4.5% [95% CI, 4.1%-5.0%] to 5.6% [95% CI, 5.2%-6.1%];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.01). Moderate-to-severe CUD prevalence among males increased from 3.1% (95% CI, 2.8%-3.6%) to 4.1% (95% CI, 3.7%-4.5%) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001), especially among males aged 35 to 49 years (from 2.7% [95% CI, 2.0%-3.6%] to 3.9% [95% CI, 3.2%-4.8%];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.01) and males aged 50 years or older (from 0.6% [95% CI, 0.3%-1.0%] to 1.2% [95% CI, 0.8%-1.7%];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.02). Among females, moderate-to-severe CUD prevalence increased from 1.7% (95% CI, 1.5%-2.0%) to 2.5% (95% CI, 2.3%-2.8%) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001), specifically for females aged 21 to 34 years (from 4.2% [95% CI, 3.5%-5.1%] to 5.6% [95% CI, 4.8%-6.5%];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.04), 35 to 49 years (from 1.2% [95% CI, 0.8%-1.8%] to 2.0% [95% CI, 1.6%-2.5%];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.01), and 50 years or older (from 0.1% [95% CI, 0.04%-0.3%] to 0.7% [95% CI, 0.5%-1.0%];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001). Among females with CUD, moderate-to-severe CUD prevalence increased from 37.0% (95% CI, 32.5%-41.8%) to 45.0% (95% CI, 41.1%-49.0%) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.03). However, moderate-to-severe AUD prevalence remained stable among males overall (except for declines among males aged 21-34 years) and was stable among females overall and within all subgroups. Most males and females aged 18 to 20 years and males aged 21 to 34 years with CUD had moderate-to-severe CUD (eg, 51.0%-61.0% in 2024), with consistent patterns from 2022 through 2024.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ybr260004-10\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study found divergent age- and sex-specific patterns from 2021 through 2024, with moderate-to-severe CUD prevalence increasing and moderate-to-severe AUD prevalence remaining stable across males, females, and most subgroups. The increased prevalence underscores the importance of early detection, routine screening, timely access to evidence-based CUD treatment, and targeted strategies to counter increasing acceptance, availability, and potency of cannabis products. High prevalence of moderate-to-severe CUD among adults who use cannabis challenges the notion that cannabis has low addictive potential.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2026.2497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T15:30:51Z","timestamp":1787153451000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trends in the Prevalence and Severity of Alcohol and Cannabis Use Disorders Among US Adults"],"prefix":"10.1001","author":[{"given":"Beth","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilson M.","family":"Compton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Hobin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora D.","family":"Volkow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"ybr260004r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.1271","article-title":"Use of medications for alcohol use disorder in the US: results from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.","volume":"78","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"ybr260004r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881120919970","article-title":"Does cannabis complement or substitute alcohol consumption? a systematic review of human and animal studies.","volume":"34","author":"Risso","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ybr260004r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16519","article-title":"Changes in self-reported cannabis use in the United States from 1979 to 2022.","volume":"119","author":"Caulkins","year":"2024","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ybr260004r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.05.008","article-title":"Cannabis use disorders among adults in the United States during a time of increasing use of cannabis.","volume":"204","author":"Compton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"10","key":"ybr260004r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30208-5","article-title":"Marijuana use and use disorders in adults in the USA, 2002-14: analysis of annual cross-sectional surveys.","volume":"3","author":"Compton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"ybr260004r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.6981","article-title":"Prevalence of substance use disorders by time since first substance use among young people in the US.","volume":"175","author":"Volkow","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"ybr260004r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14511","article-title":"Time since first cannabis use and 12-month prevalence of cannabis use disorder among youth and emerging adults in the United States.","volume":"114","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"23","key":"ybr260004r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1402309","article-title":"Adverse health effects of marijuana use.","volume":"370","author":"Volkow","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"ybr260004r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.13025","article-title":"Associations of suicidality trends with cannabis use as a function of sex and depression status.","volume":"4","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"15","key":"ybr260004r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7322","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291723000880","article-title":"Association between cannabis use disorder and schizophrenia stronger in young males than in females.","volume":"53","author":"Hjorth\u00f8j","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"ybr260004r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.josat.2024.209345","article-title":"Adult use cannabis legalization and cannabis use disorder treatment in California, 2010-2021.","volume":"162","author":"Bass","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Subst Use Addict Treat"},{"issue":"2","key":"ybr260004r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.18900","article-title":"Use of marijuana for medical purposes among adults in the United States.","volume":"317","author":"Compton","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"ybr260004r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2024.4475","article-title":"Medically recommended vs nonmedical cannabis use among US adults.","volume":"82","author":"Han","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"ybr260004r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2025.108112","article-title":"Implementing care for cannabis and other drug use in adult primary care: outcomes of a cluster-randomized implementation trial.","volume":"70","author":"Matson","year":"2026","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"ybr260004r3","volume-title":"Key Substance Use and Mental Health Indicators in the United States: Results From the 2024 National Survey on Drug Use and Health","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration","year":"2025"}],"container-title":["JAMA Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapsychiatry\/articlepdf\/2852558\/jamapsychiatry_han_2026_br_260004_1785514129.99656.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T15:30:51Z","timestamp":1787153451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapsychiatry\/fullarticle\/2852558"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"references-count":15,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2026.2497","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-622X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-622X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]}}}