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Because the liver is the primary organ responsible for the metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics, chronic liver disease can have a significant effect on the disposition of many xenobiotics due to changes in the expression or function of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Liver disease can result in increased retention of a xenobiotic within the body, causing greater exposure of the individual to a potentially harmful compound, which may lead to toxicity. On the other hand, liver disease may also up\u2010regulate the elimination processes of a xenobiotic, accelerating its removal from the body. With regard to a pharmaceutical agent, enhanced elimination may result in a decreased pharmacologic effect. Such alterations may necessitate dosage adjustments to achieve the desired therapeutic outcome. <jats:italic>Curr. Protoc. Toxicol<\/jats:italic>. 52:23.1.1\u201023.1.17. \u00a9 2012 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/0471140856.tx2301s52","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T18:32:29Z","timestamp":1335897149000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Measuring Altered Disposition of Xenobiotics in Experimental Models of Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Rhiannon N.","family":"Hardwick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan J.","family":"Cherrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01748.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890802552437"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra011775"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.02.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2005-0494"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/pr1002593"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20080253"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-2291fje"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e3283294a18"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/bega.2002.0333"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142735.im0108s73"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-2980.2008.00323.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","first-page":"233","article-title":"Commonly used animal models of non\u2010alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"8","author":"Fan J.G.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Pancreat. 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