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The elucidation of gene expression profiles in the brain, coupled with the development of large\u2010scale connectivity maps and emerging viral vector\u2013based approaches for target\u2010selective gene manipulation, now allows for detailed dissection of gene\u2010circuit interfaces. This protocol details how to perform combinatorial viral injections to manipulate gene expression in subsets of neurons interconnecting two brain regions. This method uses stereotaxic injection of a retrograde transducing CAV2\u2010Cre virus into one brain region, combined with injection of a locally transducing Cre\u2010dependent AAV virus into another brain region. This technique is widely applicable to the genetic dissection of neural circuitry, as it enables selective expression of candidate genes, dominant\u2010negatives, fluorescent reporters, or genetic tools within heterogeneous populations of neurons, based upon their projection targets.\n                    <jats:italic>Curr. Protoc. Neurosci<\/jats:italic>\n                    . 65:4.35.1\u20104.35.20. \u00a9 2013 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142301.ns0435s65","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,23]],"date-time":"2013-10-23T13:04:58Z","timestamp":1382533498000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Manipulating Gene Expression in Projection\u2010Specific Neuronal Populations Using Combinatorial Viral Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Bryan B.","family":"Gore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Washington  Seattle Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta E.","family":"Soden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Department of Psychiatry and 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