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This unit contains several different prototype protocols to measure the proliferative response of lymphocytes following exposure to mitogens, antigens, allogeneic or autologous cells, or soluble factors. Each of these protocols can be used in conjunction with an accompanying support protocol which contains methods for pulsing cultures with [<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H]thymidine and determining incorporation of [<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H]thymidine into DNA or assessing cell proliferation by nonradioactive methods, e.g., reduction of tetrazolium salts (MTT). The protocols described here provide an estimate of DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in an entire cell population, but do not provide information on the proliferation of individual cells. A protocol for CFSE labeling allows specific subpopulations of cells to be separated viably for further analysis. <jats:italic>Curr. Protoc. 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