{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T06:13:43Z","timestamp":1787724823674,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,15]],"date-time":"2013-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CP in Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Myocarditis and valvulitis are inflammatory diseases affecting myocardium and valve. Myocarditis, a viral\u2010induced disease of myocardium, may lead to dilated cardiomyopathy and loss of heart function. Valvulitis leads to deformed heart valves and altered blood flow in rheumatic heart disease. Animal models recapitulating these diseases are important in understanding the human condition. Cardiac myosin is a major autoantigen in heart, and antibodies and T cells to cardiac myosin are evident in inflammatory heart diseases. This unit is a practical guide to induction and evaluation of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in several mouse strains and the Lewis rat. Purification protocols for cardiac myosin and protocols for induction of EAM by cardiac myosin and its myocarditis\u2010producing peptides, and coxsackievirus CVB3, are defined. Protocols for assessment of myocarditis and valvulitis in humans and animal models provide methods to define functional autoantibodies targeting cardiac myosin, \u03b2\u2010adrenergic, and muscarinic receptors, and their deposition in tissues.\n                    <jats:italic>Curr. Protoc. Immunol<\/jats:italic>\n                    . 101:15.14.1\u201015.14.51. \u00a9 2013 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142735.im1514s101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,5]],"date-time":"2013-04-05T14:22:22Z","timestamp":1365171742000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Autoimmune Myocarditis, Valvulitis, and Cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Myers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center  Oklahoma City Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DeLisa","family":"Fairweather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally A.","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vermont  Colchester Vermont"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeleine W.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center  Oklahoma City Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_20_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/129486"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.963769"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.2.750"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)61685-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408241102"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(87)80363-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_8_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Myocarditis. A histopathologic definition and classification.","volume":"1","author":"Aretz H.T.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiovasc. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_20_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.7.1927"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5406.1335"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91837-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)80164-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(96)02593-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916930109007385"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_15_1","first-page":"127","article-title":"A vector with transcriptional terminators increases efficiency of cloning of an RNA virus by reverse transcription long polymerase chain reaction","volume":"4","author":"Cameron\u2010Wilson C.L.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"e_1_2_20_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01309769"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.13.1765"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)00604-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070207"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800028"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00198-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00783.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.4.1320"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.9.3913-3923.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.2.1060"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00278991"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.5.1291"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.10.4787-4794.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-301686"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.8.5448"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/656214"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.9.5464"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000043802.38699.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.9.5662"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ddmod.2004.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2006.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.2000.0492"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.9.4731"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63241-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_40_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Handbook of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: The Heart in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases","author":"Fairweather D.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.1.261"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e328353372d"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199907000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.9.4430-4440.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.159.4.1083"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/b105341"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.11.6710"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.536433"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI7132"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64373-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930500484674"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(84)90188-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.12.5682"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.69.11.6720-6728.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(87)80471-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/76277"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_58_1","first-page":"691","article-title":"Coxsackievirus\u2010induced myocarditis is dependent on distinct immunopathogenic responses in different strains of mice","volume":"76","author":"Huber S.A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"e_1_2_20_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1997.4342"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-004-0221-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2008.03034.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.9.3528"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.8.5126-5132.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.5.2659-2665.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2005.18.730"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.12.5543"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(08)60783-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.6.3147"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_69_1","first-page":"726","article-title":"Localization of porcine cardiac myosin epitopes that induce experimental autoimmune myocarditis","volume":"76","author":"Inomata T.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_20_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(90)90272-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.14.4818"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/79759"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.83.3.902"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.4.1552"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000618"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.769489"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.70.11.7811-7818.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(90)90039-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1536\/jhj.41.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916930109007382"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2578225"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000155616.07901.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90513-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00485-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00000717"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1702(97)00059-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.5.3225"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)62948-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.11.8234"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_90_1","first-page":"455","article-title":"Coxsackievirus B\u20103 myocarditis. Acute and chronic forms of the disease caused by different immunopathogenic mechanisms","volume":"128","author":"Lodge P.A.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_20_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(87)90081-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_92_1","first-page":"432","article-title":"Coxsackievirus B\u20103\u2010induced myocarditis. Effect of sex steroids on viremia and infectivity of cardiocytes","volume":"126","author":"Lyden D.C.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_20_93_1","first-page":"533","article-title":"Diagnostic relevance of humoral and cell\u2010mediated immune reactions in patients with acute viral myocarditis","volume":"48","author":"Maisch B.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_20_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(83)90535-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930802031579"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000156077.54903.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2005.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1993.1113"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.05.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6101(03)00002-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_101_1","volume-title":"Janeway's Immunobiology. 7th Edition","author":"Murphy K.P.T.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.139.11.3630"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.8.2488"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(10)80331-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2042-6410-2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.85.6.551"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0213971"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_108_1","volume-title":"Molecular Aspects of Picornavirus Infection and Detection","author":"Palmenberg A.C.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.5.1837"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_110_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"A genetic map of autoimmune heart disease","volume":"4","author":"Penninger J.M.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006207"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118642"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.6.4072-4078.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(92)90218-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318076"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1986.tb20864.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1993.1102"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/15.13.5443"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.5.2377-2387.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.147.7.2141"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.19.9131"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.70.4.856"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.95.1.163"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200636484"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)90851-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/6474"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02261-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxq026"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.2.892"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.5.756"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.5.1846"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_133_1","first-page":"425","article-title":"Viral myocarditis: A review","volume":"101","author":"Woodruff J.F.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_20_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2807"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.71.6.1077"}],"container-title":["Current Protocols in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2F0471142735.im1514s101","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/0471142735.im1514s101","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/0471142735.im1514s101","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/currentprotocols.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/0471142735.im1514s101","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T04:53:43Z","timestamp":1692420823000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/currentprotocols.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/0471142735.im1514s101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"references-count":134,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/0471142735.im1514s101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/0471142735.im1514s101","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1934-3671","1934-368X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1934-3671","type":"print"},{"value":"1934-368X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}}}