{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T03:11:32Z","timestamp":1791342692279,"version":"4.3.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd000022.pub2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,7]],"date-time":"2009-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254873600000}}],"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd000022.pub3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,21]],"date-time":"2009-10-21T19:55:18Z","timestamp":1256154918000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving intensive care"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Roberto","family":"D'Amico","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Statistics Unit, Department of clinical and diagnostic medicine and public health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Via del Pozzo 71 Modena Italy 41121"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Pifferi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; Via F. Sporza 35 Milano Italy 20122"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valter","family":"Torri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mario Negri Institute; Laboratorio di Epidemiologia Clinica; Via Eritrea 62 Milano Milano Italy 20157"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Brazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Sassari; Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Microchirurgiche e Mediche; Via le San Peitro, 43 - Palazzo Clemente Sassari Italy 07100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Parmelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Department of Oncology, Hematology and Respiratory Diseases; Via del Pozzo 71 Modena Italy 41100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Liberati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research; Italian Cochrane Centre; Via La Masa, 19 Milan Italy 20156"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050314","article-title":"Decrease in nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated patients by selective oropharyngeal decontamination (SOD)","volume":"23","author":"Abele-Horn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.100.3.783","article-title":"Antibiotic prophylaxis of respiratory tract infection in mechanically ventilated patients","volume":"100","author":"Aerdts","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.3.2005003","article-title":"Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia by oral decontamination: a prospective randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study","volume":"164","author":"Bergmans","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0004|cit4","first-page":"303","article-title":"Selective decontamination of the digestive tract: a stratified, randomized, prospective study in a mixed intensive care unit","volume":"110","author":"Blair","year":"1991","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0005|cit5","unstructured":"Boland JP Sadler DL Stewart W Wood DJ Zerick W Snodgrass KR Reduction of nosocomial respiratory tract infections in the multiple trauma patients requiring mechanical ventilation by selective parenteral and enteral antisepsis regimen (SPEAR) in the intensive care XVII Congress of Chemotherapy 1991"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-110-11-873","article-title":"Intestinal decontamination for control of nosocomial multiresistant Gram-negative bacilli","volume":"110","author":"Brun-Buisson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000152224.01949.01","article-title":"Prevention of acquired infections in intubated patients with combination of two decontaminations regimens","volume":"33","author":"Camus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1992.01420020045007","article-title":"Selective gut decontamination reduces nosocomial infections and length of stay but not mortality or organ failure in surgical intensive care unit patients","volume":"127","author":"Cerra","year":"1992","journal-title":"Archives of Surgery"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-7-545","article-title":"Prevention of infection in critically ill patients by selective decontamination of the digestive tract","volume":"117","author":"Cockerill","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"9389","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14409-1","article-title":"Effects of selective decontamination of digestive tract on mortality and acquisition of resistant bacteria in intensive care: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"362","author":"Jonge","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-120-5-199403010-00006","article-title":"Utility of selective digestive decontamination in mechanically ventilated patients","volume":"120","author":"Ferrer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0012|cit12","unstructured":"Finch RG Tomlinson P Holliday M Sole K Stack C Rocker G Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) in the prevention of secondary sepsis in a medical\/surgical intensive care unit XVII International Congress Chemotherapy 1991"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199202273260903","article-title":"A controlled trial in intensive care units of selective decontamination of the digestive tract with nonabsorbable antibiotics","volume":"326","author":"Gastinne","year":"1992","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0014|cit14","first-page":"169","volume":"7","author":"Gaussorgues","year":"1991","journal-title":"Reanimation, Soins Intensifs, Medicine d'Urgence"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/S1164-6756(05)80459-1","volume":"3","author":"Georges","year":"1994","journal-title":"Reanimation d'Urgence"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92422-C","article-title":"Double blind study of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in intensive care","volume":"340","author":"Hammond","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0017|cit17","first-page":"52","article-title":"Effectiveness of selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) in an ICU with a policy encouraging a low gastric pH","volume":"3","author":"Jacobs","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clinical Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0018|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198811000-00001","article-title":"Prevention of colonization and infection in critically ill patients: A prospective randomized study","volume":"16","author":"Kerver","year":"1988","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199310000-00013","article-title":"Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in neurosurgical care units patients: a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"21","author":"Korinek","year":"1993","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2105141","article-title":"Influence of combined intravenous and topical antibiotic prophylaxis on the incidence of infections, organ dysfunctions and mortality in critically ill surgical patients","volume":"166","author":"Krueger","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0021|cit21","first-page":"15","article-title":"Oropharyngeal decontamination with gentamicin for long-term ventilated patients on stress ulcer prophylaxis with sucralfate?","volume":"106","author":"Laggner","year":"1994","journal-title":"Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199704000-00018","article-title":"Selective intestinal decontamination in multiple trauma patients: prospective, controlled trials","volume":"42","author":"Lingnau","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199704000-00018","article-title":"Selective intestinal decontamination in multiple trauma patients: prospective, controlled trials","volume":"42","author":"Lingnau","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.3109\/tcic.8.5.228.235","article-title":"Prevention of nosocomial infection in mechanically ventilated patients: Selective digestive decontamination versus sucralfate","volume":"8","author":"Palomar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clinical Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1238-1","article-title":"Selective decontamination of subgloottic area in mechanically ventilated patients with multiple trauma","volume":"28","author":"Pneumatikos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2704","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03460200084041","article-title":"Oropharyngeal decontamination decreases incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"265","author":"Pugin","year":"1991","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.3.765","article-title":"Selective Decontamination of the digestive tract in multiple trauma patients: prospective, double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study","volume":"109","author":"Quinio","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01694341","article-title":"Prevention of nosocomial infection in critically ill patients by selective decontamination of digestive tract","volume":"18","author":"Rocha","year":"1992","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199011000-00011","article-title":"Prevention of nosocomial lung infection in ventilated patients:use of an antimicrobial pharyngeal nonabsorbable paste","volume":"18","author":"Rodr\u00ecguez-Rold\u00e0n","year":"1990","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.158.3.9712079","article-title":"Effectiveness and cost of selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) in critically ill intubated patients. A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, multicentric trial","volume":"158","author":"Sanchez-Garcia","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00259435","article-title":"The effect of selective decontamination of the digestive tract on colonization and infection rate in multiple trauma patients","volume":"10","author":"Stoutenbeek","year":"1984","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0455-4","article-title":"The effect of selective decontamination on the digestive tract on mortality in multiple trauma patients: a multicentre randomized controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Stoutenbeek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00255597","article-title":"Selective decontamination of the digestive tract with norfloxacin in the prevention of ICU-acquired infections: a prospective randomized study","volume":"15","author":"Ulrich","year":"1989","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00254795","article-title":"Prevention of colonization and respiratory infections in long term ventilated patients by local antimicrobial prophylaxis","volume":"13","author":"Unertl","year":"1987","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199701000-00014","article-title":"Randomized, controlled trial of selective digestive decontamination in 600 mechanically ventilated patients in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit","volume":"25","author":"Verwaest","year":"1997","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.4.861","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of selective digestive decontamination in a medical-surgical intensive care unit","volume":"20","author":"Wiener","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0037|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/30.1.73","article-title":"A controlled trials of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in intensive care and its effect on nosocomial infection","volume":"30","author":"Winter","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/22.6.997","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of selective bowel decontamination for prevention of infections following liver transplantation","volume":"22","author":"Arnow","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-4179(00)00147-9","article-title":"Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in severely burned pediatric patients","volume":"27","author":"Barret","year":"2001","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0040|cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199401000-00011","article-title":"Selective decontamination of the digestive tract reduces Gram-negative pulmonary colonization but not systemic endotoxemia in patients undergoing elective liver transplantation","volume":"22","author":"Bion","year":"1994","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200201000-00006","article-title":"No effect of preoperative selective gut decontamination on endotoxemia and cytokine activation during cardiopulmonary bypass: A randomized, placebo controlled study","volume":"30","author":"Bouter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0042|cit42","first-page":"545","article-title":"Survival benefit in critically hill burned patients receiving selective decontamination of the digestive tract. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial","volume":"117","author":"Cal","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0800394","article-title":"Decontamination of the digestive tract and oropharynx in ICU patients","volume":"360","author":"Smet","year":"2009","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/162.6.1393","article-title":"Pilot trial of selective decontamination for prevention of bacterial infection in an intensive care unit","volume":"162","author":"Flaherty","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1540-y","article-title":"Prevention of severe candida infections in nonneutropenic high risk, crically ill patients: a randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled trial in patients treated by severe digestive decontamination","volume":"28","author":"Garbino","year":"2002","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200206270-00009","article-title":"A randomized, prospective, double blinded evaluation of selective bowel decontamination in liver transplantation","volume":"73","author":"Hellinger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0047|cit47","first-page":"131","volume":"14","author":"Hunefeldt","year":"1989","journal-title":"Anaesthesiologie und Reanimation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0048|cit48","unstructured":"Jacobs S Zuleika M no title provided by the authors"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0049|cit49","unstructured":"Lenhart FP Unertl K Neeser G Ruckdeschel G Eckart J Peter K Selective decontamination and sucralfate for prevention of acquired infections in intensive care 17th International Congress Chemotherapy, Vienna 1994 (K101) 1994"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199401000-00214","article-title":"Unique trial design shows SDD to decrease and alter colonization of upper respiractory tract in a multidisciplinary ICU","volume":"22","author":"Lipman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199507000-00010","article-title":"Controlled clinical trial of selective decontamination for the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"222","author":"Luiten","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annals of Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0052|cit52","first-page":"245","article-title":"Does cefotaxime prevent early pneumonia in trauma patients receiving pharyngeal decontamination?","volume":"18","author":"Martinez","year":"1994","journal-title":"Medicina Intensiva"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199311000-00017","article-title":"Can selective digestive decontamination avoid the endotoxemia and cytokine activation promoted by cardiopulmonary bypass?","volume":"2","author":"Martinez-Pellus","year":"1993","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1097\/00063110-200109000-00008","article-title":"Reduction in gram positive pneumonia and antibiotic consumption following the use of a SDD protocol including nasal nad oral mupirocin","volume":"8","author":"Nardi","year":"2001","journal-title":"European Journal of Emergency Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0055|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200207150-00021","article-title":"Early enteral supply of lactobacillus and fiber versus selective bowel decontamination: a controlled trial in liver transplant recipients","volume":"74","author":"Rayes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transplatation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0056|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.500020103","article-title":"Prospective study comparing the efficacy of prophylactic parenteral antimicrobials, with or without enteral decontamination, in patients with acute liver failure","volume":"2","author":"Rolando","year":"1996","journal-title":"Liver Transplantation and Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0057|cit57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007487330893","article-title":"Prevention of nosocomial infection in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) through the use of selective digestive decontamination","volume":"14","author":"Ruza","year":"1998","journal-title":"European Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0058|cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199702000-00005","article-title":"The prevention of anastomotic leakage after total gastrectomy with local decontamination. A prospective double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled clinical multicenter trial","volume":"225","author":"Schardey","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annals of Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0059|cit59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199306000-00018","article-title":"Selective decontamination in pediatric liver transplant. A randomized prospective study","volume":"55","author":"Smith","year":"1993","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0060|cit60","unstructured":"Stoutenbeek CP Van Saene HKF Little RA Whitehead A The effect of selective decontamination of the digestive tratct on mortality in multiple trauma patients. Contact with authors"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90813-K","article-title":"Selective decontamination to reduce gram-negative colonisation and infections after oesophageal resection","volume":"335","author":"Tetteroo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0062|cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199110000-00005","article-title":"Reduction of colonization and infection rate during pediatric intensive care by selective decontamination of digestive tract","volume":"19","author":"Zobel","year":"1991","journal-title":"CritIical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200206000-00004","article-title":"Selective decontamination of the digestive tract to prevent postoperative infection: a randomized placebo-controlled trial in liver transplant patients","volume":"30","author":"Zweveling","year":"2002","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0064|cit64","first-page":"866","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of pneumonia acquired in intensive care units. Results from a multicenter prospective study on 996 patients. European Cooperative Group on Nosocomial Pneumonia","volume":"275","author":"Chevret","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0065|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-6-200303180-00015","article-title":"Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: an evidence-based systematic review","volume":"138","author":"Collard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530350048033","article-title":"Nosocomial pneumonia and mortality among patients in Intensive care unit","volume":"275","author":"Fagon","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0067|cit67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.105.4.1221","article-title":"Selective decontamination of the digestive tract. An overview","volume":"105","author":"Heyland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0068|cit68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.4.941","article-title":"Prophylaxis with enteral antibiotics in ventilated patients: selective decontamination or selective cross-infection?","volume":"39","author":"Hurley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.105.4.1101","article-title":"The role of selective digestive tract decontamination on mortality and respiratory tract infections. A meta-analysis","volume":"105","author":"Kollef","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0071|cit71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184.ch6","article-title":"Chapter 6: Searching for studies","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0072|cit72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2544","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.20.2544-a","article-title":"Influence of methodological quality on study conclusions","volume":"286","author":"Liberati","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0073|cit73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.134.2.170","article-title":"Selective decontamination of digestive tract in surgical patients: a systematic review of evidence","volume":"134","author":"Nathens","year":"1999","journal-title":"Archives of Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0074|cit74","unstructured":"Redman R Ludington E Analysis of respiratory and non-respiratory infections in published trials of selective digestive decontamination Intensive Care Medicine (14th Annual Congress of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine 2001) 2001 285"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0075|cit75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2006.10.014","article-title":"Selective decontamination of the digestive tract reduces bacterial bloodstreem infection and mortality in critically ill patients. Systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"65","author":"Silvestri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Hospital Infection"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0076|cit76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00259435","article-title":"The effect of selective decontamination of the digestive tract on colonization and infection rate in multiple trauma patients","volume":"10","author":"Stoutenbeek","year":"1994","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0077|cit77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.3.335","article-title":"Reletionship between methodological trial quality and the effects of selective digestive decontamination on pneumonia and mortality in critically ill patients","volume":"286","author":"Nieuwenhoven","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0078|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91510-2","article-title":"Effect of selective decontamination of the digestive tract on respiratory tract infections and mortality in intensive care unit","volume":"338","author":"Vanderbrouk-Grauls","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0079|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7140.1275","article-title":"Effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in critically ill adult patients: systematic review of randomised controlled trials","volume":"316","author":"D'Amico","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0080|cit80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub2","article-title":"Antibiotic prophylaxis in adult patients treated in Intensive Care Units","author":"Liberati","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0081|cit81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub2","article-title":"Antibiotics for preventing respiratory tract infections in adults receiving intensive care","author":"Liberati","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0082|cit82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub2","article-title":"Antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving intensive care","author":"Liberati","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3-BIB0083|cit83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.307.6903.525","article-title":"Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of selective decontamination of the digestive tract","volume":"307","author":"SDD Trialists' Collaborative Group","year":"1993","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd000022.pub4","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]],"date-time":"2021-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611273600000}}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/wol1\/doi\/10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3\/fullpdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T20:53:18Z","timestamp":1628542398000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub3"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Acute Respiratory Infections Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,7]]},"references-count":83,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd000022.pub3","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000022.pub4","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,7]]}}}