{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T16:32:13Z","timestamp":1792168333704,"version":"4.4.0"},"publisher-location":"Chichester, UK","reference-count":92,"publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Ltd","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd000434","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,21]],"date-time":"2003-11-21T03:20:09Z","timestamp":1069384809000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Helen HG","family":"Handoll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajan","family":"Madhok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB1|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197784161116","article-title":"Physiotherapy after fracture of the proximal end of the humerus. Comparison between two methods","volume":"16","author":"Bertoft","year":"1984","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB2|cit2","unstructured":"Campbell M Early versus late physiotherapy in fractured proximal neck of humerus: a randomised controlled study In: National Research Register, Issue 3, 2000. Oxford: Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB3|cit3","series-title":"British Elbow and Shoulder Society (BESS) Annual Scientific Meeting and Instructional Course; 2000 May 4-5; Nottingham (UK)","article-title":"A randomised controlled trial investigating functional outcome, with early and late physiotherapy, on patients sustaining a fractured proximal humerus","author":"Hodgson","year":"2000"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB4|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9406(05)60726-2","article-title":"Timing of physiotherapy in management of fractured proximal humerus: Randomised controlled trial [Abstract]","volume":"88","author":"Hodgson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB5|cit5","series-title":"Extending the boundaries. Chartered Society of Physiotherapy Congress 2001; 2001 Oct 19-21; Birmingham (UK)","article-title":"Timing of physiotherapy in the management of the fractured proximal humerus: a randomised controlled trial","author":"Hodgson","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB7|cit6","unstructured":"Hodgson SA A controlled, randomised study investigating functional outcome, with early and late physiotherapy, on patients following a fractured proximal humerus National Research Register (http:\/\/www.update-software.com\/National\/nrr-frame.html) 2000"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB6|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.85B3.13458","article-title":"Rehabilitation after two-part fractures of the neck of the humerus","volume":"85","author":"Hodgson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB8|cit8","unstructured":"Stanley D A prospective, controlled, randomised study investigating functional outcome, with early and late physiotherapy, on patients following a fractured proximal humerus In: National Research Register, Issue 2, 2001. Oxford: Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB9|cit9","first-page":"169","article-title":"Primary prosthetic humerus head replacement in dislocated multiple fragment fracture of the humerus head in over 60-year-olds","volume":"272","author":"Bauer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hefte zur der Unfallchirurg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB10|cit10","first-page":"994","article-title":"Primary endoprosthesis in comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus - an alternative treatment for elderly patients?","volume":"122","author":"Hoellen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Zentralblatt fur Chirurgie"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB11|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-60913-8_20","article-title":"Prosthetic humerus head replacement in dislocated humerus head multiple fracture in older people: An alternative to minimal osteosynthesis?","volume":"268","author":"Hoellen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hefte zur der Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB12|cit12","first-page":"207","article-title":"Is primary endoprosthetic replacement of the humeral head an alternative treatment for comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients?","volume":"7 Suppl 2","author":"Holbein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Osteosynthese International"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB13|cit13","first-page":"207","article-title":"Treatment of proximal humerus multiple fracture in old and very old people","volume":"275","author":"Holbein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hefte zur der Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB14|cit14","first-page":"375","article-title":"Primary head of humerus prosthetic vs. minimal osteosynthesis in the treatment of head of humerus multiple-fragment fractures in older patients","volume":"283","author":"Pokar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hefte zur der Unfallchirurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB15|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.70B5.3056948","article-title":"Transcutaneous reduction and external fixation of displaced fractures of the proximal humerus. A controlled clinical trial","volume":"70","author":"Kristiansen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB16|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00932441","article-title":"Functional results following fractures of the proximal humerus. A controlled clinical study comparing two periods of immobilization","volume":"108","author":"Kristiansen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB17|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(92)90180-Z","article-title":"Electrotherapy and the management of minimally displaced fracture of the neck of the humerus","volume":"23","author":"Livesley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB18|cit18","first-page":"133","article-title":"Independent exercises versus physiotherapy in nondisplaced proximal humeral fractures","volume":"11","author":"Lundberg","year":"1979","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB19|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356-199212000-00006","article-title":"Water exercise versus instruction for self-training following a shoulder fracture","volume":"15","author":"Revay","year":"1992","journal-title":"International Journal of Rehabilitation Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB20|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-78271-8_56","article-title":"Conservative treatment of sub-capital humerus fractures. A comparative study between the classical Desault-bandage and the new Gilchrist-bandage","volume":"232","author":"Deldycke","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hefte zur der Unfallchirurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB21|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02588091","article-title":"Conservative treatment of subcapital humerus fractures. A comparative study of the classical Desault bandage and the new Gilchrist bandage","volume":"19","author":"Rommens","year":"1993","journal-title":"Unfallchirurgie"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB22|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.66B1.6693466","article-title":"Four-part fractures of the neck of the humerus","volume":"66","author":"Stableforth","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB23|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03180919","article-title":"Minimally invasive fixation of displaced proximal humeral fractures","volume":"7","author":"Wirbel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Orthopaedics and Traumatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB24|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-60913-8_248","article-title":"Minimal invasive therapy in dislocated proximal humerus fractures. Influence of post-operative immobilisation on the function outcome","volume":"268","author":"Wirbel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hefte zur der Unfallchirurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB25|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B1.0810181a","article-title":"Treatment of displaced proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients [Letter and reply]","volume":"81","author":"Karladani","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB26|cit26","first-page":"592","article-title":"Tension band wiring vs. non-operative treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures. A prospective randomized study [abstract]","volume":"21","author":"Tornkvist","year":"1997","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Transactions"},{"issue":"265","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB27|cit27","first-page":"40","article-title":"Tension band wiring vs. nonoperative treatment of proximal humerus fractures - a prospective randomized study [Abstract]","volume":"66","author":"Tornkvist","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. Supplementum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB28|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.79B3.7419","article-title":"Treatment of displaced proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients","volume":"79","author":"Zyto","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB29|cit29","first-page":"33","article-title":"Operative treatment of humeral shaft fractures: A prospective, randomized study of intramedullary nailing versus dynamic compression plating [abstract]","volume":"19","author":"Bolano","year":"1995","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Transactions"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB30|cit30","unstructured":"Brownson P A prospective randomised trial comparing conservative treatment and the Halder Humeral Nail for displaced fractures of the surgical neck and shaft of the humerus In: National Research Register, Issue 2, 2000. Oxford: Update Software"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB31|cit31","first-page":"594","article-title":"Randomized prospective study of humerus fixation: nails vs. plates [abstract]","volume":"21","author":"Chapman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Transactions"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB32|cit32","first-page":"10","article-title":"Randomized prospective study of humerus fixation: Nails vs. plates [abstract]","volume":"20","author":"Chapman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Transactions"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB33|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199712000-00014","article-title":"Closed humeral shaft fractures: a prospective evaluation of surgical treatment","volume":"43","author":"Chiu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB34|cit34","unstructured":"Booth C personal communication"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB36|cit35","unstructured":"de Boer P personal communication"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB35|cit36","unstructured":"De Boer P Plating of proximal humerus fracture: a blind comparative study In: National Research Register, Issue 1, 2003. Oxford: Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB38|cit37","unstructured":"Flannery M personal communication"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB37|cit38","unstructured":"Flannery M A prospective randomised trial for the treatment of four part fractures of proximal humerus: \"conservative vs hemiarthroplasty\" In: National Research Register, Issue 3, 2006. Oxford; Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB39|cit39","unstructured":"Turner R personal communication"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB40|cit40","unstructured":"Hems T A prospective randomised trial comparing conservative treatment and the Halder Humeral Nail for displaced fractures of the surgical neck and shaft of the humerus In: National Research Register, Issue 3, 2000. Oxford: Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB41|cit41","unstructured":"Heath C The effect of interfential current on pain followiing proximal fracture of the humerus. A single blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial In: National Research Register, Issue 4, 2001. Oxford: Update Software"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB42|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9406(05)61162-5","article-title":"Interferential current as an adjunct to exercise and mobilisation in the treatment of proximal humerus fracture pain: Lack of evidence of an additional effect [Abstract]","volume":"86","author":"Martin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB43|cit43","unstructured":"Palmer S personal communication"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB44|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199506000-00003","article-title":"Compression plating versus hackethal nailing in closed humeral shaft fractures failing nonoperative reduction","volume":"9","author":"Rodriguez-Merchan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB45|cit45","unstructured":"Wallace WA A prospective randomised trial of the management of displaced surgical neck and displaced shaft fractures of the humerus with the Halder Humeral Nail In: National Research Register, Issue 3, 2000. Oxford: Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB46|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-60248-1_244","article-title":"Surgical treatment of proximal humerus fractures","volume":"Suppl Kongressb","author":"Warnecke","year":"1999","journal-title":"Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB47|cit47","unstructured":"Kulkarni R Welsh proximal humeral fracture project In: National Research Register, Issue 2, 2000. Oxford: Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB48|cit48","unstructured":"Der Tavitian J The management of comminuted proximal humeral fractured, a randomised prospective trial In: National Research Register, Issue 3, 2006. Oxford; Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB49|cit49","unstructured":"Lefevre-Colau M-M Efficacy of shoulder mobilisation versus conventional immobilisation for nonsurgically proximal humerus fracture [http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT00326794] ClinicalTrials.gov (assessed September 22 2006)"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB50|cit50","first-page":"393","article-title":"Is surgery the best choice in the treatment of complex fractures of proximal humerus? Preliminary study on 50 cases [Abstract]","volume":"87","author":"Parnes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery - British Volume"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB51|cit51","unstructured":"Pullen H Comparison of the T2 procimal humeral nail and PHILOS system in the treatment of 2+3 part proximal humeral fractures In: National Research Register, Issue 3, 2006. Oxford; Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB52|cit52","unstructured":"Dias J personal communication"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB54|cit53","unstructured":"Fjalestad T personal communication"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB53|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-005-0803-9","article-title":"Fractures in the proximal humerus: functional outcome and evaluation of 70 patients treated in hospital","volume":"125","author":"Fjalestad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB55|cit55","unstructured":"Kristiansen IS Jorgensen JJ Fjalestad T Stromsoe K Fracture of the proximal humerus. Randomised clinical study at the Aker University Hospital - economic evaluation Univerity of Oslo website: http:\/\/www.hero.uio.no\/prosjekter\/prosjekt6.16.html (Accessed November 13 2006)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB56|cit56","unstructured":"Frostick S Randomised prospective study to evaluate sling immobilisation versus early active assisted mobilisation following hemiarthroplasty for fractures of the proximal humerus In: National Research Register, Issue 1, 2003. Oxford; Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB58|cit57","unstructured":"Shah N personal communication"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB57|cit58","unstructured":"Shah N Shoulder function following four part fractures of proximal humerus: A prospective randomised trial for treatment of four part fractures of proximal humerus - conservative vs hemiarthroplasty In: National Research Register, Issue 1, 2003. Oxford: Update Software"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB59|cit59","series-title":"British Orthopaedic Association Annual Congress; 2002 Sept 18-20; Cardiff (UK)","first-page":"2","article-title":"A randomised prospective trial comparing Polarus nail and Rush pins for fixation of proximal humeral fractures - Poster A5","author":"Bing","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB60|cit60","unstructured":"Sharma R A prospective, randomised clinical trial to compare Rush pins fixation with Polaris nail fixation of displaced two part fractures of the proximal humerus In: National Research Register, Issue 2, 2000. Oxford: Update Software"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB61|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199609000-00012","article-title":"Evaluation of the Neer system of classification of proximal humeral fractures with computerized tomographic scans and plain radiographs","volume":"78","author":"Bernstein","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB62|cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198701000-00023","article-title":"A clinical method of functional assessment of the shoulder","volume":"214","author":"Constant","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB63|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200002000-00013","article-title":"The epidemiology and outcome of proximal humeral fractures","volume":"14","author":"Court-Brown","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB64|cit64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1080\/000164701753542023","article-title":"The epidemiology of proximal humeral fractures","volume":"72","author":"Court-Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB65|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.53.8.525","article-title":"Measurement of shoulder related disability: results of a validation study","volume":"53","author":"Croft","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB66|cit66","unstructured":"Gillespie LD personal communication"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB67|cit67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB68|cit68","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Green S Highly sensitive search strategies for identifying reports of randomized controlled trials in MEDLINE. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 4.2.5 [updated May 2005]; Appendix 5b In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2005. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB69|cit69","unstructured":"Hodgson SS personal communication"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB70|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000194677.02506.45","article-title":"Proximal humerus fracture rehabilitation","volume":"(442)","author":"Hodgson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB71|cit71","first-page":"207","article-title":"Is primary endoprosthetic replacement of the humeral head an alternative treatment for comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients?","volume":"7 Suppl 2","author":"Holbein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Osteosynthese International"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB72|cit72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197510000-00032","article-title":"Epidemiology of fractures of the upper end of the humerus","volume":"112","author":"Horak","year":"1975","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB73|cit73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.73B2.2005159","article-title":"Four-part valgus impacted fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"73","author":"Jakob","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB74|cit74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199606000-00028","article-title":"Surgical treatment of complex fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"327","author":"Ko","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB75|cit75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199702000-00006","article-title":"Functional outcome after minimally displaced fractures of the proximal part of the humerus","volume":"79","author":"Koval","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB76|cit76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678709146347","article-title":"Epidemiology of proximal humeral fractures","volume":"58","author":"Kristiansen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB77|cit77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199705000-00014","article-title":"A self-administered questionnaire for assessment of symptoms and function of the shoulder","volume":"79","author":"L'Insalata","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB78|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199812000-00013","article-title":"Locked nailing for displaced surgical neck fractures of the humerus","volume":"45","author":"Lin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB79|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(00)00242-4","article-title":"Complex proximal humeral fractures in adults - a systematic review of management","volume":"32","author":"Misra","year":"2001","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB80|cit80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200011000-00005","article-title":"Displaced three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures: evaluation and management","volume":"8","author":"Naranja","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB81|cit81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197052060-00001","article-title":"Displaced proximal humeral fractures. Classification and evaluation","volume":"52","author":"Neer","year":"1970","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB82|cit82","first-page":"160","article-title":"Four segment classification of displaced proximal humeral fractures","volume-title":"Instructional Course Lectures. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons","volume":"24","author":"Neer","year":"1975"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB83|cit83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.79B2.6958","article-title":"Percutaneous fixation of three- and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"79","author":"Resch","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB84|cit84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199312000-00002","article-title":"The Neer classification system for proximal humeral fractures. An assessment of interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility","volume":"75","author":"Sidor","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB85|cit85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199312000-00003","article-title":"The reproducibility of classification of fractures of the proximal end of the humerus","volume":"75","author":"Siebenrock","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB86|cit86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679708996692","article-title":"Poor reproducibility of classification of proximal humeral fractures. Additional CT of minor value","volume":"68","author":"Sjoden","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB87|cit87","unstructured":"Sonnabend D personal communication"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB88|cit88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s004020050037","article-title":"Treatment of proximal humerus fracture using multiple intramedullary flexible nails","volume":"120","author":"Wachtl","year":"2000","journal-title":"Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB89|cit89","article-title":"Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults","author":"Gibson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB90|cit90","article-title":"Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults","author":"Gibson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB91|cit91","article-title":"Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults","author":"Gibson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434-BIB92|cit92","article-title":"Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults","author":"Handoll","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cochranelibrary.com\/cdsr\/doi\/10.1002\/14651858.CD000434\/epdf\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T13:12:06Z","timestamp":1704978726000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD000434"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Helen HG","family":"Handoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,20]]},"references-count":92,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd000434","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,20]]}}}