{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:11:46Z","timestamp":1792699906184,"version":"4.5.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd000467","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]],"date-time":"2017-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513123200000}}],"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd000467.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,3]],"date-time":"2018-01-03T13:13:13Z","timestamp":1514985193000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Calcium channel blockers for primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2017","author":[{"given":"Fadumo","family":"Rirash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Western Ontario; Department of Medicine; 268 Grosvenor Street London ON Canada N6A 4V2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul C","family":"Tingey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Western Ontario; Department of Medicine; 268 Grosvenor Street London ON Canada N6A 4V2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E","family":"Harding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; Department of Pediatrics; 910 Blackford St Chattanooga Tennessee USA 37405"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara J","family":"Maxwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI), The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus; Centre for Practice-Changing Research (CPCR); 501 Smyth Road, Box 711 Ottawa ON Canada K1H 8L6"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Tanjong Ghogomu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ottawa; Bruy\u00e8re Research Institute; 43 Bruy\u00e8re St Annex E, room 213 Ottawa ON Canada K1N 5C8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George A","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ottawa; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine; Room H1281 40 Ruskin Street Ottawa ON Canada K1Y 4W7"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Tugwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine; Ottawa ON Canada K1H 8M5"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Pope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Western Ontario; Department of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics; St. Joseph's Health Care 268 Grosvenor St London ON Canada N6A 4V2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/20.6.466","article-title":"Nifedipine in the treatment of Raynaud's syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Aldoori","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cardiovascualr Research"},{"issue":"8316","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","first-page":"130","article-title":"Nifedipine for Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"1","author":"Bravard","year":"1983","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00610375","article-title":"Nisodipine in primary Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"33","author":"Challenor","year":"1987","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1177\/000331978904000207","article-title":"Vibrotactile sensation and response to nifedipine dose titration in primary Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"40","author":"Challenor","year":"1989","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","first-page":"359","article-title":"Slow release nifedipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"6","author":"Constantini","year":"1987","journal-title":"International Journal of Angiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a062040","article-title":"A randomized double blind cross-over trial of nifedipine in the treatment of primary Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"7","author":"Corbin","year":"1986","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(84)90101-3","article-title":"Controlled double-blind trial of dazoxiben and nifedipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"77","author":"Ettinger","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02207089","article-title":"Slow-releasing nicardipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomena without underlying diseases","volume":"11","author":"Ferri","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02239193","article-title":"A double-blind cross-over study of nifedipine retard in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"7","author":"Finch","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(91)90846-A","article-title":"Controlled multicenter double-blind trial of nicardipine in the treatment of primary Raynaud phenomenon","volume":"122","author":"French Cooperative Multicenter Group for Raynaud's Phenomenon* Paris France","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Heart Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00613511","article-title":"Controlled double blind trial of nisoldipine in the treatment of idiopathic Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"31","author":"Gjorup","year":"1986","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(86)90109-2","article-title":"Controlled double-blind trial of the clinical effect of nifedipine in the treatment of idiopathic Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"111","author":"Gjorup","year":"1986","journal-title":"American Heart Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00541510","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory effects of nifedipine in Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"6","author":"Hawkins","year":"1986","journal-title":"Rheumatology International"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a061923","article-title":"Nifedipine and alpha-adrenergic blockade in Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"6","author":"Kahan","year":"1985","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.44.1.30","article-title":"A randomised double-blind trial of diltiazem in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"44","author":"Kahan","year":"1985","journal-title":"Annals of Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","first-page":"221","article-title":"Nifedipine and Raynaud's phenomenon associated with connective tissue diseases","volume":"4","author":"Kahan","year":"1985","journal-title":"International Journal of Angiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1177\/000331978703800407","article-title":"Nicardipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon: a randomized double-blind trial","volume":"38","author":"Kahan","year":"1987","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","first-page":"284","article-title":"Nifedipine in Raynaud's phenomenon: relationship between immediate, short term and long term effects","volume":"14","author":"Kallenberg Cees","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1982.tb05712.x","article-title":"The treatment of severe Raynaud's phenomenon with verapamil","volume":"22","author":"Kinney","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","first-page":"77","article-title":"Ketanserin versus nifedipine in secondary Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"16","author":"Kirch","year":"1987","journal-title":"VASA"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.2165\/00044011-199700131-00022","article-title":"Amlodipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon: a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study","volume":"23","author":"Civita","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clinical Drug Investigation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01858110","article-title":"The effect of isradipine, a new calcium-channel antagonist, in patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon: a single-blind dose response study","volume":"3","author":"Leppert","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90402-4","article-title":"Nifedipine in the treatment of Rayaud's phenomenon: evidence for platelet activation","volume":"78","author":"Malamet","year":"1985","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1987.tb04122.x","article-title":"Nifedipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon in patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"117","author":"Meyrick-Thomas","year":"1987","journal-title":"British Journal of Dermatology"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","first-page":"1795","article-title":"Calcium antagonists in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"108","author":"Muller-Buhl","year":"1983","journal-title":"Deutsche Medicinische Wochenschrift"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01245.x","article-title":"The effect of the calcium-entry blocker nifedipine on cold-induced digital vasospasm. A double-blind crossover study versus placebo","volume":"221","author":"Nilsson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Medica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","first-page":"724","article-title":"A double blind placebo controlled crossover randomized trial of diltiazem in Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"12","author":"Rhedda","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198304143081507","article-title":"Controlled double-blind trial of nifedipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"308","author":"Rodeheffer","year":"1983","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.8.1101","article-title":"Comparison of sustained-release nifedipine and temperature biofeedback treatment of primary Raynaud phenomenon","volume":"160","author":"Ranayd's Treatment Study Investigators (RTSI)","year":"2000","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","first-page":"745","article-title":"Nicardipine for the treatment of Raynaud's phenomena: a double blind crossover trial of a new calcium entry blocker","volume":"14","author":"Rupp","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","first-page":"331","article-title":"Nifedipine in the treatment of idiopathic Raynaud's syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Sarkozi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","first-page":"362","article-title":"Effect of calcium channel blocker Nifedipine on Raynaud's phenomenon: a controlled double blind trial","volume":"11","author":"Sauza","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"8311","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)91508-2","article-title":"Controlled trial of nifedipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"2","author":"Smith","year":"1982","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","first-page":"858","article-title":"Inefficacy of diltiazem in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon with associated connective tissue disease: a double blind placebo controlled study","volume":"14","author":"Teixeira da Costa","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1986.tb02916.x","article-title":"Clinical and rheological effects of nifedipine in Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"22","author":"Waller","year":"1986","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90817-X","article-title":"Objective benefit of nifedipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"80","author":"White","year":"1986","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780300306","article-title":"Nicardipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon - dissociation of platelet activation from vasospasm","volume":"30","author":"Wigley","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199112000-00005","article-title":"Double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study of oral nicardipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"18","author":"Wollersheim","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1177\/000331978904000206","article-title":"Controlled comparison of ketanserin and nifedipine in Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"40","author":"Codella","year":"1989","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1177\/000331978904000206","article-title":"Controlled comparison of ketanserin and nifedipine in Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"40","author":"Codella","year":"1989","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(84)90627-6","article-title":"Nifedipine-induced fingertip vasodilation in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"108","author":"Creager","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","first-page":"135","article-title":"Cytokine production in scleroderma patients: effects of therapy with either iloprost or nifedipine","volume":"15","author":"Della Bella","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2646","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199912)42:12<2646::AID-ANR21>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"Losartan therapy for Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma: clinical and biochemical findings in a fifteen week, randomized, parallel-group, controlled trial","volume":"42","author":"Dziadzio","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","first-page":"Art. No.: CD002","article-title":"Calcium channel blockers for primary Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon","volume":"Jan 30","author":"Ennis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","first-page":"501","article-title":"Iloprost for severe Raynaud's phenomenon and ischaemic ulcers related with systemic diseases","volume":"122","author":"Garcia Hernandez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Medicina Clinica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","first-page":"409","article-title":"Effects of nifedipine therapy on pulmonary Raynaud's in primary Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Joseph","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"Suppl C","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/4.suppl_C.123","article-title":"Calcium entry blocking agents in digital vasospasm (Raynaud's phenomenon)","volume":"4","author":"Kahan","year":"1983","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00315217","article-title":"Once daily felodipine in patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"40","author":"Kallenberg","year":"1991","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.55.5.331-b","article-title":"Effect of isradipine on endothelin-1 plasma concentrations in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"55","author":"Civita","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annals of Rheumatic Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00877725","article-title":"Sympathetic activation after two weeks of nifedipine treatment in primary Raynaud's patients and controls","volume":"7","author":"Leppert","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy"},{"issue":"Suppl K","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/8.suppl_K.83","article-title":"Nifedipine in patients with Raynaud's syndrome - effects on radial artery blood flow","volume":"8","author":"Lewis","year":"1987","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.1994.tb00412.x","article-title":"Magnesium sulphate infusion decreases circulating calcitonin gene-related peptide (CG Raynaud's phenomenon) in women with primary Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"14","author":"Myrdal","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clinical Physiology"},{"issue":"Suppl.4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S108","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199015004-00036","article-title":"The effect of felodipine on cold-induced digital vasospasm","volume":"15","author":"Nilsson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park JK Lee EY Yoon MJ Lee W Kim YK Park CSY Head to head comparison of Udenafil versus amlodipine in the treatment of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon: a double-blind, randomized cross-over study Scientific Abstracts 2013","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-eular.244"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","first-page":"213","article-title":"DIAS rounds. Nifedipine and prazosin in Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"8","author":"Pisenti","year":"1984","journal-title":"Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0056|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.298.6673.561","article-title":"Comparison of intravenous infusions of iloprost and oral nifedipine in treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon in patients with systemic sclerosis: a double blind randomised study","volume":"298","author":"Rademaker","year":"1989","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0057|cit57","first-page":"57","article-title":"The anti-platelet effect of nifedipine in patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Rademaker","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0058|cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.1993.tb00327.x","article-title":"Effects of cold pressor test on circulating arterial natriuretic peptide 99-126 (ANP) in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon and influence of treatment with magnesium sulphate and nifedipine","volume":"13","author":"Ringqvist","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clinical Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0059|cit59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00558230","article-title":"The clinical effect of felodipine and nifedipine in Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"37","author":"Schmidt","year":"1989","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0060|cit60","first-page":"89","article-title":"Treatment of Raynaud's syndrome with calcium entry blockers","volume":"59","author":"Shcherbakov","year":"1987","journal-title":"Terapevticheskii Arkhiv"},{"issue":"Suppl 2b","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90168-8","article-title":"Treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon with calcium channel blockers","volume":"78","author":"Smith","year":"1985","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0062|cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200108)44:8<1841::AID-ART322>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"Calcium-channel blockers for Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon in systemic sclerosis","volume":"44","author":"Thompson AE","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh390","article-title":"Calcium channel blockers for primary Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon: a meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Thompson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0064|cit64","first-page":"77","article-title":"Comparative study of misoprostol and nifedipine for the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to systemic diseases. Doppler-duplex hemodynamic evaluation","volume":"197","author":"Verela-Aguilar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Revista Clinica Espanol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0065|cit65","first-page":"299","article-title":"Effect of nifedipine on cold stress post-ischemic reactive hyperemia in Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"14","author":"Vayssairat","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal des Maladies Vasculaires"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199005000-00023","article-title":"Effects of low-dose nifedipine on a cold provocation test in patients with Raynaud's disease","volume":"15","author":"Weber","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0067|cit67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780261001","article-title":"Nifedipine as a therapeutic modality for Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"26","author":"Winston","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0068|cit68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1987.tb05587.x","article-title":"Nifedipine in primary Raynaud's phenomenon and in scleroderma: oral versus sublingual hemodynamic effects","volume":"27","author":"Wollersheim","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0069|cit69","first-page":"492","article-title":"Vascular response of Raynaud's phenomenon to nifedipine or herbal (Duhuo-Tisheng Tang with Danggui-Sini Tang): a preliminary study","volume":"31","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chan Gung Medicine Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0070|cit70","first-page":"337","article-title":"Controlled study of nifedipine in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"49","author":"Kahan","year":"1982","journal-title":"Revue du Rhumatism"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0071|cit71","first-page":"121","article-title":"Nifedipine treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon: a double blind controlled clinical study","volume":"13","author":"Redondo","year":"1986","journal-title":"Revista Espanola de Reumatologia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0072|cit72","first-page":"306","article-title":"A comparative study of trifluoperazine a calmodulin inhibitor, nifedipine, dipyridamole and intraarterial reserpine in the treatment of raynaud's phenomenon: a double blind randomised controlled trial [abstract]","volume":"35","author":"Wasir","year":"1983","journal-title":"Indian Heart Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0073|cit73","first-page":"278","article-title":"Acute effects of nifedipine on digital blood flow in human subjects with Raynaud's phenomenon: a double blind placebo controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Wise","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0074|cit74","article-title":"Assessing and Comparing the Effect of Diltiazem Gel Versus Nitroglycerin Ointment in Healing Process of Scleroderma Digital Ulcers","author":"Nazarinia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinicaltrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0075|cit75","unstructured":"Vera-Kellet C Color Doppler Ultrasound Comparison of Topical 10% Nifedipine Versus 5% Sildenafil in Secondary Raynaud: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Pilot Study Clinicaltrials.gov 2017"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0076|cit76","unstructured":"Cates C MD Visual Rx 2016"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0077|cit77","unstructured":"Deeks JJ Higgins JPT Altman DG Chapter 9: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011) The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org"},{"issue":"907","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0078|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)02419-7","article-title":"Language bias in randomised controlled trials published in English and German","volume":"350","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0079|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.07.002","article-title":"Treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"8","author":"Garc\u00eda-Carrasco","year":"2008","journal-title":"Autoimmunity Reviews"},{"issue":"e289","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0080|cit80","first-page":"doi: 10.1136\/bm","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon","volume":"344","author":"Goundry","year":"2012","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"issue":"7653","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0081|cit81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39500.677199.AE","article-title":"Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"Grading Working Group","year":"2008","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0082|cit82","first-page":"87","article-title":"Medical treatment in Raynaud's disease","volume":"465","author":"Hansteen","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica Supplementum"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0083|cit83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh552","article-title":"Pathogenesis of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"44","author":"Herrick","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"7414","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0084|cit84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0085|cit85","article-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011)","author":"Higgins","journal-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0086|cit86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.107706","article-title":"The minimally important difference and patient acceptable symptom state for the Raynaud\u2019s condition score in patients with Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon in a large randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"69","author":"Khanna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0087|cit87","first-page":"485","article-title":"Raynaud's phenomenon: a proposal for classification","volume":"10","author":"LeRoy","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0088|cit88","first-page":"167","article-title":"Advances in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"24","author":"Levien","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dove Press Journal: Vascular Health and Risk Management 2010"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0089|cit89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780230510","article-title":"ACR Preliminary criteria for the classification of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Special article","volume":"23","author":"Masi","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatism"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0090|cit90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1526-2_3","article-title":"Epidemiology of Raynaud\u2019s Phenomenon","volume-title":"Epidemiology of Raynaud's Phenomenon","author":"Maundrell","year":"2015"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0091|cit91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2410","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10486","article-title":"Measuring disease activity and functional status in patients with scleroderma and Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"46","author":"Merkel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatism"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0092|cit92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07791.x","article-title":"Ketanserin in the treatment of systemic sclerosis: a double-blind controlled trial","volume":"120","author":"Ortonne","year":"1989","journal-title":"British Journal of Dermatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0093|cit93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011813","article-title":"Drug interventions versus placebo for the treatment of Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon: generic protocol","author":"Pope","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0094|cit94","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann H Oxman AD Vist GE Higgins JBT Deeks JJ Chapter 12: Interpreting results and drawing conclusions In: Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org"},{"issue":"6752","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0095|cit95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6752.590","article-title":"Prevalence of symptoms of Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon in general practice","volume":"301","author":"Silman","year":"1190","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"issue":"d4002","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0096|cit96","first-page":"doi: 10.1136\/bm","article-title":"Reccomendations for examining and interpreting funnel plot asymmetry in meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials","volume":"343","author":"Sterne","year":"2011","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0097|cit97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584-8","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-199811000-00013","article-title":"Rational use of calcium-channel antagonists in Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon","volume":"10","author":"Sturgill","year":"1998","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0098|cit98","unstructured":"Cochrane Collaboration 2014 Review Manager 5 (RevMan 5).Version 5.3"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2-BIB0099|cit99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp013013","article-title":"Raynaud's phenomenon","volume":"347","author":"Wigley","year":"2002","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T06:42:30Z","timestamp":1693377750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD000467.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd000467.pub2","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.732291955.793584742","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]]}}}