{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:01:24Z","timestamp":1790704884150,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd002317","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]],"date-time":"2013-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371513600000}}],"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd002317.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]],"date-time":"2013-06-18T17:31:10Z","timestamp":1371576670000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Tricyclic drugs for depression in children and adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Philip","family":"Hazell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Medical School; Discipline of Psychiatry; G03 - Thomas Walker Hospital Hospital Rd Concord West New South Wales Australia 2138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Mirzaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Local Health District; Rivendell Child, Adolescent and Family Mental Health Service; Thomas Walker Hospital Hospital Road, Concord West Sydney New South Wales Australia 2138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199009000-00016","article-title":"Comparative studies of pharmacotherapy for school refusal","volume":"29","author":"Bernstein","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200003000-00009","article-title":"Imipramine compliance in adolescents","volume":"39","author":"Bernstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200003000-00008","article-title":"Imipramine plus cognitive-behavioural therapy in the treatment of school refusal","volume":"39","author":"Bernstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200102000-00015","article-title":"Treatment of school refusal: one-year follow-up","volume":"40","author":"Bernstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(99)00021-3","article-title":"Family dimensions in anxious-depressed school refusers","volume":"13","author":"Bernstein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200303000-00012","article-title":"Predictors of treatment response in anxious-depressed adolescents with school refusal","volume":"42","author":"Layne","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199805000-00015","article-title":"Randomized, controlled trial of amitriptyline versus placebo for adolescents with \"treatment-resistant\" major depression","volume":"37","author":"Birmaher","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199201000-00007","article-title":"Pharmacokinetically designed double-blind placebo-controlled study of nortriptyline in 6-12 year-olds with major depressive disorder","volume":"31","author":"Geller","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","first-page":"101","article-title":"Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of nortriptyline in depressed children using a \"fixed plasma level\" design","volume":"25","author":"Geller","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","first-page":"85","article-title":"Double-blind placebo-controlled study of nortriptyline in depressed adolescents using a \"fixed plasma level\" design","volume":"26","author":"Geller","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","first-page":"275","article-title":"Imipramine vs. placebo studies of childhood depression: baseline predictors of response to treatment and factor analysis of presenting symptoms","volume":"24","author":"Hughes","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","first-page":"235","article-title":"The effect of concomitant disorders in childhood depression on predicting treatment response","volume":"26","author":"Hughes","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","first-page":"348","article-title":"Amitriptyline in children with major depressive disorder: a double-blind crossover pilot study","volume":"23","author":"Kashani","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","unstructured":"Keller MB Ryan ND Birmaher B Klein RG Strober M Wagner KD Paroxetine and imipramine in the treatment of adolescent depression Proceedings of the 151st Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association (APA); 1998 May 30-Jun 4; Toronto, ON, Canada 1998 123"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200107000-00010","article-title":"Efficacy of paroxetine treatment in the treatment of adolescent depression: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"Keller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","unstructured":"Wagner KD Birmaher B Carlson G Clarke G Emslie G Geller B Safety of paroxetine and imipramine in the treatment of adolescent depression Annual Meeting of New Clinical Drug Evaluation Program (NCDEU); 1998 Jun 11; Boca Raton (FL) 1998 Abstract No. 69"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6394(1998)7:1<15::AID-DA3>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Adolescent depression: controlled desipramine treatment and atypical features","volume":"7","author":"Klein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Depression & Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","first-page":"636","article-title":"Clinical effects of amitriptyline in adolescent depression","volume":"20","author":"Kramer","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","first-page":"59","article-title":"Response to desipramine treatment in adolescent major depression","volume":"27","author":"Boulos","year":"1991","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology Bulletin"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199406000-00010","article-title":"Response to desipramine treatment in adolescent depression: a fixed-dose, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Kutcher","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","first-page":"227A","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy of adolescent depression","volume":"15 Suppl 1, Pt","author":"Klein","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatric Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199609000-00011","article-title":"A randomized, controlled trial of amitriptyline in the acute treatment of adolescent major depression","volume":"35","author":"Kye","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","first-page":"420","article-title":"Affective illness in adolescence","volume-title":"American Psychiatric Association Annual Review","volume":"5","author":"Ryan","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-198204000-00004","article-title":"Imipramine treatment of depressed children: a double-blind pilot study","volume":"2","author":"Petti","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1987.01800130093012","article-title":"Imipramine in prepubertal major depressive disorders","volume":"44","author":"Puig-Antich","year":"1987","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.138.2.110","article-title":"School phobia: a therapeutic trial with clomipramine and short-term outcome","volume":"138","author":"Berney","year":"1981","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","first-page":"105","article-title":"Amitriptyline in childhood depressions","volume":"26","author":"Lucas","year":"1965","journal-title":"Diseases of the Nervous System"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","first-page":"450","article-title":"Depression in children: relationship between plasma imipramine levels and response","volume":"43","author":"Preskorn","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.5.668","article-title":"Pulse intravenous clomipramine for depressed adolescents: double-blind, controlled trial","volume":"154","author":"Sallee","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","unstructured":"Berard 1998 Clinical trials and tribulations in the pharmacological treatment of adolescent depression Proceedings of the XXIst Collegium Internationale Neuro Psychopharmacologicum; 1998 Jul 12-16; Glasgow, Scotland 1998"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR)","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","first-page":"42","article-title":"SSRI safety in overdose","volume":"59 Suppl","author":"Barbey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199611000-00011","article-title":"Childhood and adolescent depression: a review of the past 10 years. Part I","volume":"35","author":"Birmaher","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1989.tb07194.x","article-title":"Meta-analysis of early phase II studies with paroxetine in hospitalised depressed patients","volume":"350","author":"Byrne","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Supplementum"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000184929.41423.c0","article-title":"10-year research update review; the epidemiology of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders: ll. Developmental epidemiology","volume":"45","author":"Costello","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1997.01830230069010","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine in children and adolescents with depression","volume":"54","author":"Emslie","year":"1997","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","first-page":"4","article-title":"Mechanism of action of antidepressant medications","volume":"60","author":"Feighner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2008.06.030","article-title":"Comparison of toxicity of acute overdoses with citalopram and escitalopram","volume":"39","author":"Hayes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Emergency Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004851.pub3","article-title":"Newer generation antidepressants for depressive disorders in children and adolescents","author":"Hetrick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"7414","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Green S (editors) Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0. [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.1992.2.31","article-title":"Psychopharmacology of child and adolescent major depression: present status and future directions","volume":"2","author":"Jensen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-6757(96)90150-3","article-title":"Analysis of sertraline-only overdoses","volume":"14","author":"Klein-Schwartz","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Emergency Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2001.tb01278.x","article-title":"Selected tricyclic antidepressant ingestions involving children 6 years old or less","volume":"8","author":"McFee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Academic Emergency Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31819a8994","article-title":"Clinical, electrocardiographic, and laboratory findings in children with amitriptyline intoxication","volume":"25","author":"Olgun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatric Emergency Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","first-page":"951","article-title":"Scales of potential use in the psychopharmacological treatment of depressed children and adolescents","volume":"21","author":"Petti","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology Bulletin"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-4679(97)00072-3","article-title":"Fluoxetine versus tricyclic antidepressants: a prospective multicentre study of antidepressant drug overdoses. The Antidepressant Study Group","volume":"15","author":"Phillips","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Emergency Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","unstructured":"The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager (RevMan) 2011"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","first-page":"203","article-title":"Developing strategies to prevent youth suicide","volume-title":"Suicide Among Youth: Perspectives on Risk and Prevention","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(18)30256-9","article-title":"The pharmacologic treatment of child and adolescent depression","volume":"15","author":"Ryan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","volume-title":"Essential Psychopharmacology","author":"Stahl","year":"2006"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199703000-00018","article-title":"Case study: two additional sudden deaths with tricyclic antidepressants","volume":"36","author":"Varley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-0086-9","volume-title":"Practitioner's Guide to Psychoactive Drugs for Children and Adolescents","author":"Werry","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","volume-title":"The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6984.897","article-title":"Efficacy of tricyclic drugs in treating child and adolescent depression: a meta-analysis","volume":"310","author":"Hazell","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/wol1\/doi\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2\/fullpdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T07:32:07Z","timestamp":1747035127000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002317.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Common Mental Disorders Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd002317.pub2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]]}}}