{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T22:43:55Z","timestamp":1767134635722,"version":"build-2238731810"},"publisher-location":"Chichester, UK","reference-count":68,"publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Ltd","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd002832.pub2","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,9]],"date-time":"2006-05-09T16:10:34Z","timestamp":1147191034000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Perazine for schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Leucht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benno","family":"Hartung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB2|cit1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Antipsychotic efficacy of trimipramine: double-blind comparison with a classical neuroleptic","volume":"30","author":"Bender","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB1|cit2","series-title":"6th World Congress of Biological Psychiatry","article-title":"Antipsychotic efficacy of the antidepressant trimipramine: double-blind comparison with the phenothiazine perazine","author":"Bender"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB3|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-39043","article-title":"Antipsychotic efficacy of the antidepressant trimipramine: A randomized, double-blind comparison with the phenothiazine perazine","volume":"36","author":"Bender","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB4|cit4","first-page":"780","article-title":"Schizoaffective disorders - testing of antipsychotic components of trimipramine","volume":"10","author":"Blaeser-Kiel","year":"1996","journal-title":"TW Neurologie Psychiatrie"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB5|cit5","first-page":"60","article-title":"not available","volume-title":"Therapie mit Neuroleptika - Perazin","author":"Ackenheil","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB6|cit6","series-title":"4th World Congress of Biological Psychiatry; 1989 Sept 8-13; Philadelphia, USA","article-title":"A Double-Blind Comparison of Aminosultoprid (Dan 2163) Versus Perazine in Schizophrenic Patients","author":"Dieterle","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB7|cit7","first-page":"340","article-title":"Comparison of zotepine and perazine in schizophrenia","volume":"96 Suppl. 1","author":"Dieterle","year":"1988","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB8|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1000730","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerance of zotepine in a double-blind comparison with perazine in schizophrenics","volume":"59 Suppl. 1","author":"Dieterle","year":"1991","journal-title":"Fortschritte der Neurologie und Psychiatrie"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB9|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1000732","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of zotepine in the treatment of schizophrenic negative symptoms: results of an open and a double-blind controlled study","volume":"59","author":"M\u00fcller-Spahn","year":"1991","journal-title":"Fortschritte der Neurologie und Psychiatrie"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB11|cit10","first-page":"85","article-title":"Clinical relevance of the test dose model for drug choice and response in acute schizophrenia","volume":"25","author":"Klimke","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB10|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1014337","article-title":"Initial improvement as a criterion for drug choice in acute schizophrenia","volume":"26","author":"Klimke","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB12|cit12","first-page":"65","article-title":"not available","volume-title":"Therapie mit Neuroleptika - Perazin","author":"R\u00fcther","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB13|cit13","series-title":"Proceedings of the 14. CINP-Congress, Florence","article-title":"Relationship between neuroleptic medication, handwriting area and therapeutic response","author":"K\u00fcstner","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB14|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1017282","article-title":"Can changes in eye-contacts predict therapeutic outcome in schizophrenic patients undergoing neuroleptic treatment?","volume":"19","author":"Meya","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB15|cit15","first-page":"55","article-title":"not available","volume-title":"Therapie mit Neuroleptika - Perazin","author":"Renfordt","year":"1988"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB17|cit16","first-page":"530","article-title":"A double-blind trial of 2 oral neuroleptics (perazine vs. haloperidol) in different dosages for acute schizophrenic patients","volume":"53","author":"Schmidt","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB18|cit17","first-page":"910","article-title":"A double-blind comparison of the antipsychotic efficacy of perazine compared to haloperidol","volume":"32","author":"Schmidt","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arzneimittel-Forschung"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB16|cit18","first-page":"40","article-title":"not available","volume-title":"Therapie mit Neuroleptika - Perazin","author":"Sch\u00fcssler","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB19|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1000731","article-title":"Zotepine versus perazine in paranoid schizophrenia: a double-blind controlled trial of antipsychotic efficacy","volume":"59 Suppl.1","author":"Wetzel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Fortschritte der Neurologie und Psychiatrie"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB20|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(99)80361-7","article-title":"Evaluation of dry mouth and its treatment in the course of antipsychotic pharmacotherapy","volume":"9, Suppl. 5","author":"Bender","year":"1999","journal-title":"European Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB21|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(99)80359-9","article-title":"Effect of olanzapine on salivation is less prominent than predicted by its in vitro muscarinic binding profile","volume":"9, Suppl. 5","author":"Czekalla","year":"1999","journal-title":"European Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB22|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(92)90015-B","article-title":"Schizophrenic patients treated with high dose phenothiazine or thioxanthene become deficient in polyunsaturated fatty acids in their thrombocytes","volume":"44","author":"Fischer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochemical Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB23|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1019594","article-title":"Predictors of the course of schizophrenic diseases under neuroleptic long-term medication","volume":"14","author":"Gaebel","year":"1981","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB24|cit24","series-title":"Abstract book of the the 15. CINP-Congress","article-title":"Low-dose neuroleptic treatment in neurotic disorders","author":"Gaebel","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB25|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1017019","article-title":"Predictors of neuroleptic treatment response in acute schizophrenia: results of a treatment study with perazine","volume":"21","author":"Gaebel","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB26|cit26","series-title":"Abstract book of the 15. CINP-Congress at San Juan, Puerto Rico","article-title":"Early pharmacokinetic and clinical data as predictors of response to acute antipsychotic treatment with perazine","author":"Gaebel","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB27|cit27","first-page":"43","article-title":"Early treatment effects of perazine as predictor of acute antipsychotic treatment outcome in schizophrenics","volume":"59, Suppl. 5","author":"Gaebel","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacolgica Toxicologica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB28|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02190342","article-title":"Facial expression and emotional face recognition in schizophrenia and depression","volume":"242","author":"Gaebel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB29|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1159\/000026619","article-title":"The influence of clozapine and typical neuroleptics on information processing of the central nervous sstem under cinical conditions in schizophrenic disorders: implications for fitness to drive","volume":"40","author":"Grabe","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB30|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(99)80290-9","article-title":"Quality of life of schizophrenic patients treated with classic and \"old\" atypical neuroleptics","volume":"9, Suppl. 5","author":"Jarema","year":"1999","journal-title":"European Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB31|cit31","series-title":"Proceedings of the 20th Symposium of the AGNP, N\u00fcrnberg","article-title":"Paroxetine augmentation of neuroleptic treatment in chronic schizophrenia: An open pilot study","author":"Jockers-Scher\u00fcbl","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB32|cit32","first-page":"1512","article-title":"no available","volume":"62","author":"Kemperdick","year":"1967","journal-title":"Medizinische Klinik"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB33|cit33","first-page":"51","article-title":"not available","volume-title":"Therapie mit Neuroleptika-Perazin","author":"Kuhs","year":"1988"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB34|cit34","first-page":"285","article-title":"Atypical versus typical antipsychotic treatment prognosis in first-episode paranoid schizophrenia based on wcst and dichotic listening scores","volume":"11","author":"Loza","year":"2001","journal-title":"European Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB35|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(03)92108-0","article-title":"Atypical versus typical antipsychotic treatment prognosis based on veps and wcst scores in paranoid schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Mazurek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB36|cit36","first-page":"315","article-title":"Outcome and risks of ultra-long-term treatment with an oral neuroleptic drug","volume":"229","author":"Pietzcker","year":"1981","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB37|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1017430","article-title":"The outpatient clinic for patients under chronic lithium treatment as a phase-IV research tool","volume":"17","author":"Pietzcker","year":"1984","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB38|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1019489","article-title":"Prediction and evaluation criteria in perazine therapy of acute schizophrenics: Methodological considerations, sample population, and research variables","volume":"16","author":"Rein","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB39|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1019490","article-title":"Prediction and evaluation criteria in perazine therapy of acute schizophrenics: psychopathological results","volume":"16","author":"Schied","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB40|cit40","first-page":"721","article-title":"Assessment of neuroleptic therapy in schizophrenic patients admitted to a university psychiatric department","volume":"59","author":"Schmidt","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB41|cit41","first-page":"24","article-title":"Comparison of influence of perazine, fluphenazine, trifluoroperazine, chloropromazine and haloperidol on primary and deficit schizophrenic symptoms in patients first hospitalized because of paranoid schizophrenia","volume":"23","author":"Terminska","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychatria Polska"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB42|cit42","first-page":"94","article-title":"Orthostatic challenge during neuroleptic test dose: A possible predictor of short-term outcome","volume":"30","author":"Volz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB43|cit43","first-page":"256","article-title":"not available","volume":"67","author":"Wetterling","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB44|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02244218","article-title":"Savoxepine: Invalidation of an \"atypical\" neuroleptic response pattern predicted by animal models in an open clinical trial with acute schizophrenic patients","volume":"103","author":"Wetzel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB45|cit45","first-page":"438","article-title":"A double-blind comparison of aminosultoprid (dan 2163) versus perazine in schizophrenic-patients","volume":"32","author":"Dieterle","year":"1987","journal-title":"International Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB46|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.121.2.179","article-title":"Clinical trial of a potentiated diketopiperazine derivative as a psychopharmacological agent for the treatment of psychotic patients","volume":"121","author":"Gerson","year":"1964","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB47|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1159\/000103906","article-title":"Perazine and carbamazepine in comparison to olanzapine in schizophrenia","volume":"55","author":"Ohlmeier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB48|cit48","unstructured":"Samochowiec J Tybura P Wysiecka JP Pharmacogenetic studies of ziprasidone, olanzapine and perazine in paranoid schizophrenia Proceedings of the 162nd Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association; 2009 May 16-21; San Francisco, CA 2009"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB49|cit49","unstructured":"Alderson P Green S Higgins JPT Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook 4.2.2 [updated December 2003] The Cochrane Library 2004"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB50|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7066.1200","article-title":"Detecting skewness from summary information","volume":"313","author":"Altman","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB51|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540080059030","article-title":"Improving the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials. The CONSORT Statement","volume":"276","author":"Begg","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB52|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1976.01770060086012","volume-title":"Psychiatrische Pharmakotherapie","author":"Benkert","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB53|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2971","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1301","article-title":"Issues in the meta-analysis of cluster randomized trials","volume":"21","author":"Donner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB54|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001359.pub2","article-title":"Olanzapine for schizophrenia","author":"Duggan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB55|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009904","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB56|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1976.01770060086012","article-title":"The Global Assessment Scale","volume":"33","author":"Endicott","year":"1976","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB57|cit57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00353295","article-title":"not available","volume":"197","author":"Enss","year":"1958","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr Neurologie und Nervenkrankheiten"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB58|cit58","first-page":"74","article-title":"not available","volume-title":"Therapie mit Neuroleptika - Perazin","author":"Grohmann","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB59|cit59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009904","article-title":"Components of variance and intraclass correlations for the design of community-based surveys and intervention studies: data from the Health Survey for England 1994","volume":"149","author":"Gulliford","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB60|cit60","article-title":"Clinical Global Impressions","volume-title":"Manual for the ECDEU Assessment Battery, 2. Rev ed","author":"Guy","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB61|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB62|cit62","series-title":"Proceedings of the II International Conference of the Manfred Sakel Foundation","article-title":"Long-term pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia","author":"Hippius","year":"1962"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB63|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(95)00134-4","article-title":"Assessing the quality of reports of randomised controlled trials: is blinding necessary?","volume":"17","author":"Jadad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Controlled Clinical Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB64|cit64","first-page":"463","article-title":"not available","volume":"9","author":"Kr\u00fcger","year":"1963","journal-title":"Medizinische Welt"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB65|cit65","first-page":"9","article-title":"not available","volume-title":"Therapie mit Neuroleptika - Perazin","author":"Menge","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB66|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1962.10.3.799","article-title":"The brief psychiatric rating scale","volume":"10","author":"Overall","year":"1962","journal-title":"Psychological Reports"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB67|cit67","first-page":"3","article-title":"Brain dopamine receptors","volume":"32","author":"Seeman","year":"1981","journal-title":"Pharmacological Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2-BIB68|cit68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta3050","article-title":"Methods for evaluating area-wide and organistation-based intervention in health and health care: a systematic review","volume":"3","author":"Ukoumunne","year":"1999","journal-title":"Health Technology Assessment"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd002832.pub3","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]],"date-time":"2014-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389744000000}}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T17:13:02Z","timestamp":1628529182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002832.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Leucht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,19]]},"references-count":68,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd002832.pub2","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,19]]}}}