{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T11:08:17Z","timestamp":1790075297055,"version":"4.0.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd003048.pub3","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]],"date-time":"2020-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607385600000}}],"reference-count":247,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd003048.pub4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]],"date-time":"2020-12-08T17:55:53Z","timestamp":1607450153000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Shelui","family":"Collinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine; Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Deans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urgent Care; Team Medical; Paraparaumu New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"April","family":"Padua-Zamora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics; University of the Philippines Manila College of Medicine-Philippine General Hospital; Manila Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Germana V","family":"Gregorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics; University of the Philippines Manila College of Medicine-Philippine General Hospital; Manila Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Clinical Trials Unit; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine; Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonila F","family":"Dans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics; University of the Philippines Manila College of Medicine-Philippine General Hospital; Manila Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine; Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0001|cit1","first-page":"379","article-title":"Lactobacillus GG for treatment of acute childhood diarrhoea: an open labelled, randomized controlled trial","volume":"139","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian Journal Medical Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0002|cit2","first-page":"213","article-title":"Efficacy of probiotics (Saccharomyces bulardii) in acute watery diarrhoea in children","volume":"18","author":"Azim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2007.01201.x","article-title":"Efficacy of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in acute watery diarrhoea of Indian children: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Basu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31815a5780","article-title":"Efficacy of high-dose Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in controlling acute watery diarrhea in Indian children: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Basu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-3291.ijcp20182582","article-title":"Efficacy of probiotics in acute diarrhoea in children","volume":"5","author":"Bhat","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70398-1","article-title":"Efficacy of milk versus yogurt offered as part of a mixed diet in acute noncholera diarrhea among malnourished children","volume":"132","author":"Bhatnagar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4557","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i28.4557","article-title":"Role of a probiotic (Saccharomyces boulardii) in management and prevention of diarrhoea","volume":"12","author":"Billoo","year":"2006","journal-title":"World Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0008|cit8","first-page":"307","article-title":"Effect of feeding yogurt versus milk in children with acute diarrhea and carbohydrate malabsorption","volume":"33","author":"Boudraa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0009|cit9","first-page":"1717","article-title":"A new therapeutic alternative for the treatment of enteritis -- controlled double-blind tests with the strain SF 68","volume":"70","author":"Bruno","year":"1981","journal-title":"Schweizerische Rundschau fur Medizin Praxis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0010|cit10","first-page":"203","article-title":"Double-blind controlled study of the effect of the lactogenic Enterococcus SF68 strain on various enterocolitis associated manifestations and on Salmonella infections","volume":"105","author":"Bruno","year":"1983","journal-title":"La Clinica Terapeutica"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.114603","article-title":"Comparison of efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii strain in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children: a prospective, single\u2011blind, randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"Burande","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0012|cit12","first-page":"112","article-title":"Efficacy of Saccharomyces boullardii in children with acute diarrhoea","volume":"28","author":"Burki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medical Forum"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529609051997","article-title":"Efficacy of SF68 in the treatment of acute diarrhea. A placebo-controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Buydens","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scandanavian Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"7615","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39272.581736.55","article-title":"Probiotics for treatment of acute diarrhea in children: randomised clinical trial of five different preparations","volume":"335","author":"Canani","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0015|cit15","first-page":"397","article-title":"Evaluation of Saccharomyces boulardii in children with acute diarrhea","volume":"41","author":"Cetina-Sauri","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annales de Pediatrie"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181b530bf","article-title":"Probiotics have clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic efficacy in acute infectious diarrhea","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatric Infectious Diseases Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497\u2013501","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31822b7ab0","article-title":"Treatment of acute diarrhea with Saccharomyces boulardii in Infants","volume":"53","author":"Correa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0018|cit18","first-page":"112","article-title":"Limitations of probiotic therapy in acute, severe dehydrating diarrhea","volume":"36","author":"Costa-Ribeiro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroentology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0019|cit19","first-page":"1033","article-title":"The treatment of acute diarrhoea in paediatrics using Streptococcus faecium: results of a double blind trial","volume":"39","author":"D'Apuzzo","year":"1982","journal-title":"Therapeutische Umschau"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2011.03325.x","article-title":"Probiotic, zinc and lactose-free formula in children with rotavirus diarrhea: are they effective?","volume":"53","author":"Dalgic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Paediatrics International"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0021|cit21","first-page":"464\u201370","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii in acute rotavirus diarrhea: double blind randomized controlled trial from a developing country","volume":"62","author":"Das","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e300\u2013e305","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.12617","article-title":"Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 effectively reduces the duration of acute diarrhoea in hospitalised children","volume":"103","author":"Dinleyici","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta P\u00e6diatrica"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2014.10.009","article-title":"Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 shortens acute infectious diarrhea in a pediatric outpatient setting","volume":"91","author":"Dinleyici","year":"2015","journal-title":"Jornal de Pediatria"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2014.0086","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 reduces the duration of diarrhoea, length of emergency care and hospital stay in children with acute diarrhoea","volume":"6","author":"Dinleyici","year":"2015","journal-title":"Beneficial Microbes"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S126","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31816fc2f6","article-title":"Use of VSL#3 in the treatment of rotavirus diarrhea in children: preliminary results","volume":"42 Suppl 3 Pt 1","author":"Dubey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Clinincal Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555\u201361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02745.x","article-title":"Randomised controlled clinical trial of Lactobacillus sporogenes (Bacillus coagulans), used as probiotic in clinical practice, on acute watery diarrhoea in children","volume":"16","author":"Dutta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine and International Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2015.088","article-title":"Bifidobacterium lactis in treatment of children with acute diarrhea. A randomized double blind controlled trial","volume":"3","author":"El-Soud","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/787240","article-title":"The comparison of the efficacy of two different probiotics in rotavirus gastroenteritis in children","volume":"787240","author":"Erdo\u011fan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Tropical Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363\u20139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2012.05180.x","article-title":"Randomised clinical trial: Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 vs. placebo in children with acute diarrhoea - a double-blind study","volume":"36","author":"Francavilla","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158\u201366","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922815569200","article-title":"Emergency department treatment of children with diarrhea who attend day care: a randomized multi dose trial of a Lactobacillus helveticus and Lactobacillus rhamnosus combination probiotic","volume":"54","author":"Freedman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinical Pediatrics"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802597","article-title":"Multicenter trial of a combination probiotic for children with gastroenteritis","volume":"379","author":"Freedman","year":"2018","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0032|cit32","first-page":"54","article-title":"Lactobacillus GG administered in oral rehydration solution to children with acute diarrhoea: a multicenter European trial","volume":"30","author":"Guandalini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0033|cit33","first-page":"469","article-title":"Effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus GG on the duration of diarrhea and on rotavirus excretion in ambulatory children (Abstract)","volume":"24","author":"Canani","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0034|cit34","first-page":"516","article-title":"Oral bacterial therapy reduces the duration of symptoms and viral excretion in children with mild diarrhoea","volume":"25","author":"Guarino","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3329\/cmoshmcj.v18i1.42128","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of Bacillus clausii probiotic in the management of acute diarrhoea in children","volume":"18","author":"Hamid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chattogram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410\u20134","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-014-1408-5","article-title":"A double blind randomized trial showing probiotics to be ineffective in acute diarrhea in Indonesian children","volume":"82","author":"Hegar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0037|cit37","first-page":"311","article-title":"The probiotic E. coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) stops acute diarrhoea in infants and toddlers","volume":"166","author":"Henker","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of Paediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318169034c","article-title":"Probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 versus placebo for treating diarrhea of greater than 4 days duration in infants and toddlers","volume":"27","author":"Henker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal"},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0039|cit39","first-page":"87","article-title":"Clinical therapeutic effect of Saccharomyces boulardii on children with acute diarrhea","volume":"11","author":"Hernandez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Revista de Enfermedades Infecciosas en Pediatria"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0040|cit40","first-page":"188","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of acute adult diarrhoea.","volume":"132","author":"H\u00f6chter","year":"1990","journal-title":"M\u00fcnchener Medizinische Wochenschrift"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001712","article-title":"A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of Lactobacillus acidophilus for the treatment of acute watery diarrhea in Vietnamese children","volume":"37","author":"Hong Chau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31828f1c6e","article-title":"Three-combination probiotic therapy in children with Salmonella and rotavirus gastroenteritis","volume":"48","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02087695","article-title":"Oral bacteriotherapy for viral gastroenteritis","volume":"39","author":"Isolauri","year":"1994","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0044|cit44","first-page":"231","article-title":"Efficacy of Lactobacillus GG in oral rehydration solution","volume":"22","author":"Jasinski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrika"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0045|cit45","first-page":"212","article-title":"Effect of oral Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation on the duration of acute watery diarrhea in children","volume":"12","author":"Javeed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0046|cit46","first-page":"7","article-title":"Efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri in acute watery diarrhea","volume":"28","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medical Forum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0047|cit47","first-page":"204","article-title":"Probiotics in the treatment of acute diarrhea in young children","volume":"34","author":"Kianifar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0048|cit48","first-page":"17","article-title":"Lactobif, a marketed probiotic product containing Bifidobacterium ruminantium, was not effective in the treatment of acute rotavirus diarrhoea in infants","volume":"44","author":"Kowalska-Duplaga","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0049|cit49","first-page":"295","article-title":"Efficacy of Trilac\u00ae in the treatment of acute diarrhoea in infants and young children - a multicentre, randomised, double blind placebo-controlled study","volume":"6","author":"Kowalska-Duplaga","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatria Wspolczesna, Gastroenterologia, Hepatologia i Zywienie Dziecka"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2005.tb01786.x","article-title":"Effects of Saccharomyces boulardii in children with acute diarrhoea","volume":"94","author":"Kurugol","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0051|cit51","first-page":"301","article-title":"Oral bacterial therapy promotes recovery from acute diarrhoea in children","volume":"42","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica Taiwan"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-018-2562-x","article-title":"A prospective, interventional, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Bacillus coagulans LBSC in the treatment of acute diarrhea with abdominal discomfort","volume":"75","author":"Maity","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0053|cit53","first-page":"30","article-title":"Effect of a lactose-free milk formula supplemented with bifidobacteria and streptococci on the recovery from acute diarrhoea","volume":"17","author":"Mao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-008-0134-2","article-title":"Randomized double blinded controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Bifilac in patients with acute viral diarrhea","volume":"75","author":"Narayanappa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0055|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048\u201351","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31826cad9f","article-title":"The effect of Lactobacillus GG (LGG) on acute diarrheal illness in the pediatric emergency department (PED)","volume":"28","author":"Nixon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatric Emergency Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0056|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000703500204","article-title":"Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii in children with acute gastroenteritis and its relationship to the immune response","volume":"35","author":"Ozkan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of International Medical Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0057|cit57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/42.3.162","article-title":"Lactobacillus GG and acute diarrhoea in young children in the tropics","volume":"42","author":"Pant","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0058|cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E887","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9080887","article-title":"The efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum BORI and Lactobacillus acidophilus AD031 probiotic treatment in infants with rotavirus infection","volume":"9","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0059|cit59","first-page":"1065","article-title":"Cost-benefit analysis of the probiotic treatment of children hospitalized for acute diarrhea in Bangkok, Thailand","volume":"44","author":"Phavichitr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0060|cit60","first-page":"13","article-title":"Lactobacillus acidophilus yogurt and supplement in children with acute diarrhea: a clinical trial","volume":"2","author":"Rafeey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Research Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199502000-00005","article-title":"Lactobacillus GG promotes recovery from acute non-bloody diarrhoea in Pakistan","volume":"14","author":"Raza","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0062|cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299\u2013304","DOI":"10.1179\/146532810X12858955921159","article-title":"Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum stored at ambient temperature are effective in the treatment of acute diarrhoea","volume":"30","author":"Rerksuppaphol","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of Tropical Paediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478\u201382","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-011-0573-z","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii in acute childhood diarrhea: a double blind randomised controlled trial","volume":"79","author":"Riaz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0064|cit64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181bbf53d","article-title":"Efficacy of Lactobacillus GG in Aboriginal children with acute diarrhoeal disease: a randomised clinical trial","volume":"50","author":"Ritchie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0065|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200205000-00012","article-title":"Effect of probiotic Lactobacillus strains in young children hospitalized with acute diarrhea","volume":"21","author":"Rosenfeldt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200205000-00013","article-title":"Effect of probiotic Lactobacillus strains on acute diarrhea in a cohort of nonhospitalized children attending day-care centers","volume":"21","author":"Rosenfeldt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0067|cit67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e221","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2334","article-title":"Lactobacillus paracasei strain ST11 has no effect on rotavirus but ameliorates the outcome of nonrotavirus diarrhea in children from Bangladesh","volume":"116","author":"Sarker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0068|cit68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802598","article-title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG versus placebo for acute gastroenteritis in children","volume":"379","author":"Schnadower","year":"2018","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1997.tb08913.x","article-title":"A trial in the Karelian Republic of oral rehydration and Lactobacillus GG for treatment of acute diarrhoea","volume":"86","author":"Shornikova","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199712000-00002","article-title":"Bacteriotherapy with Lactobacillus reuteri in rotavirus gastroenteritis","volume":"16","author":"Shornikova","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0071|cit71","first-page":"399","article-title":"Lactobacillus reuteri as a therapeutic agent in acute diarrhea in young children","volume":"24","author":"Shornikova","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0072|cit72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.5897\/JCMR12.014","article-title":"Revealing the effect of probiotic combination Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lacidofil\u00ae) on acute diarrhea in adult patients","volume":"5","author":"Simadibrata","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine and Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0073|cit73","first-page":"68","article-title":"Role of Saccharomyces boulardii in management of acute diarrhoea of children - A randomized controlled trial","volume":"4","author":"Sirsat","year":"2017","journal-title":"MedPulse International Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0074|cit74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2018.0094","article-title":"Bacillus clausii UBBC-07 reduces severity of diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age: a double blind placebo controlled study","volume":"10","author":"Sudha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Benef Microbes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0075|cit75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.02740.x","article-title":"Treatment of acute infectious diarrhoea in infants and children with a mixture of three Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains -- a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Szymanski","year":"2006","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0076|cit76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e237","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002355","article-title":"Lack of efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 for the treatment of acute gastroenteritis: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"38","author":"Szyma\u0144ski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0077|cit77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.09.014","article-title":"Nitazoxanide vs. probiotics for the treatment of acute rotavirus diarrhea in children: a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial in Bolivian children","volume":"13","author":"Teran","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Infectiouos Diseases"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0078|cit78","first-page":"81","article-title":"Evaluation of the efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii in children with acute diarrhoea","volume":"20","author":"Urganci","year":"2001","journal-title":"Archives of Gastroenterohepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0079|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-3291.ijcp20183511","article-title":"Role of Saccharomyces boulardii and Bacillus clausii in reducing the duration of diarrhea: a three-armed randomised controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"Vidjeadevan","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0080|cit80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2007.00191.x","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii in acute childhood diarrhea: a randomised placebo controlled study","volume":"96","author":"Villarruel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0081|cit81","first-page":"Suppl 3:S126","article-title":"Randomized control trial of live Lactobacillus acidophilus plus Bifidobacterium infantis in treatment of infantile acute watery diarrhea","volume":"89","author":"Vivatvakin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0082|cit82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1177\/030006058901700405","article-title":"Double-blind report of the efficacy of lactic acid-producing Enterococcus SF68 in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and in the treatment of acute diarrhoea","volume":"17","author":"Wunderlich","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of International Medical Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0083|cit83","first-page":"1000","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of probiotics and oral IgY as supplementary drugs in the treatment of pediatric rotavirus enteritis: a comparative study","volume":"15","author":"Xie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0084|cit84","first-page":"905","article-title":"Lactobacillus casei in the control of acute diarrhoea - a pilot study","volume":"38","author":"Agarwal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0085|cit85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S56","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601664","article-title":"Feasibility studies to control acute diarrhoea in children by feeding fermented milk preparations Actimel and Indian Dahi","volume":"56","author":"Agarwal","year":"2002","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0086|cit86","first-page":"332","article-title":"Probiotic or zinc, which is more effective in treatment of diarrhea in children?","volume":"66","author":"Ahmadipour","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Conference: 51st Annual Meeting European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"111","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0087|cit87","first-page":"623","article-title":"Lactobacillus casei tablets in the treatment of intestinal infection","volume":"21","author":"Alexander","year":"1971","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0088|cit88","first-page":"581","article-title":"Double-blind study of treatment with SF 68 or with antibiotics in acute enteritis in adults","volume":"101","author":"Alvisi","year":"1982","journal-title":"La Clinica Terapeutica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0089|cit89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2018.03.214","article-title":"Clinical efficacy comparison of Saccharomyces boulardii and lactic acid as probiotics in acute pediatric diarrhea","volume":"28","author":"Asmat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons - Pakistan"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0090|cit90","first-page":"161","article-title":"Comparison of three probiotics in the treatment of acute diarrhea in mentally retarded children","volume":"52","author":"Barone","year":"2000","journal-title":"Minerva Pediatrica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0091|cit91","first-page":"522","article-title":"Beneficial effects of administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in diarrheal and other intestinal disorders","volume":"35","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0092|cit92","first-page":"3781","article-title":"A new approach for the treatment of enteritides in paediatrics","volume":"37","author":"Bellomo","year":"1979","journal-title":"M\u00e9decine et Hygi\u00e8ne"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0093|cit93","first-page":"927","article-title":"A controlled double-blind study of SF68 strain as a new biological preparation for the treatment of diarrhoea in pediatrics","volume":"28","author":"Bellomo","year":"1980","journal-title":"Current Therapeutic Research: Clinical and Experimental"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0094|cit94","first-page":"219","article-title":"Controlled study of Enterococcus LAB strain SF68 in acute enteritis in children with concomitant respiratory infection","volume":"64","author":"Bellomo","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clinica Pediatrica"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0095|cit95","first-page":"396","article-title":"Controlled clinical trial of Lacteol Fort Sachet versus furazolidone or berberine in treatment of acute diarrhoea in children","volume":"42","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annales de Pediatrie"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0096|cit96","first-page":"457","article-title":"Management of acute diarrhoea in infants and young children. Controlled study of the anti-diarrheal efficacy of killed L. acidophilus (LB strain) versus a placebo and a reference drug (loperamide)","volume":"41","author":"Boulloche","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annales de Pediatrie"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0097|cit97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brewster DR Ritchie B McNeil Y Davidson G Butler R Efficacy of probiotic therapy in Aboriginal children with acute diarrheal disease Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2004 39 S404","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200406001-01034"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0098|cit98","first-page":"466","article-title":"A double-blind comparison of two different treatments for acute enteritis in adults","volume":"27","author":"Camarri","year":"1981","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0099|cit99","first-page":"141","article-title":"Therapeutic evaluation of children with acute diarrhea","volume":"81","author":"Cetina-Sauri","year":"1990","journal-title":"Tribuna Medica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0100|cit100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0271-5317(01)00367-0","article-title":"Effect of Lactobacillus on the incidence and severity of acute rotavirus diarrhoea in infants. A prospective placebo-controlled double-blind study","volume":"22","author":"Chandra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nutrition Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0101|cit101","first-page":"561","article-title":"Treatment of acute infantile diarrhea: controlled trial of Saccharomyces boulardii","volume":"32","author":"Chapoy","year":"1985","journal-title":"Annales de Pediatrie"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0102|cit102","first-page":"1114","article-title":"Use of lactic enzymes in non-bacterial gastroenteritis","volume":"102","author":"Chicoine","year":"1973","journal-title":"L'Union M\u00e9dicale du Canada"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0103|cit103","first-page":"251","article-title":"Use of Lactobacillus GG in the treatment of severe, acute diarrhoea in adverse environmental conditions","volume":"31 Suppl 2","author":"Costa-Ribeiro","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0104|cit104","first-page":"252","article-title":"Prophylactic administration of Lactobacillus GG to children in a daycare center","volume":"31 Suppl 2","author":"Costa-Ribeiro","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0105|cit105","first-page":"17","article-title":"Efficacy of Bacillus coagulans tablets in the treatment of acute and chronic diarrhoea","volume":"20","year":"2004","journal-title":"International Journal of Immunotherapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0106|cit106","first-page":"166","article-title":"Evaluation of influence of oral treatment with probiotic and\/or oral rehydration solution on course of acute diarrhoea in children","volume":"4","author":"Czerwionka-Szaflarska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Przeglad Gastroenterologiczny"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0107|cit107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3126\/jnps.v36i3.15539","article-title":"Efficacy of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii as an adjuvant therapy in acute childhood diarrhoea","volume":"36","author":"Dash","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0108|cit108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(78)90135-X","article-title":"Effect of a lactobacilli preparation on traveler's diarrhoea. A randomised, double blind clinical trial","volume":"74","author":"dios Pozo-Olano","year":"1978","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0109|cit109","first-page":"488","article-title":"Clinical efficacy comparison of Saccharomyces boulardii and yogurt fluid in acute non-bloody diarrhea in children: a randomized, controlled, open label study","volume":"82","author":"Eren","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0110|cit110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2018.34","article-title":"Bifidobacterium longum subsp infantis CECT7210-supplemented formula reduces diarrhea in healthy infants: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"83","author":"Escribano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0111|cit111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmp001","article-title":"Dose-dependent effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on quantitative reduction of faecal rotavirus shedding in children","volume":"55","author":"Fang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0112|cit112","first-page":"491","article-title":"The treatment of infantile gastroenteritis by the use solely of a combination of colibacillus and lactobacillus. Apropos of 56 cases","volume":"15","author":"Fourrier","year":"1968","journal-title":"Annales de Pediatrie"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0113|cit113","first-page":"912","article-title":"\"Probiotics in acute gastroenteritis-benefit or harm?: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial\" in North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology (NACCT) Abstracts 2018","volume":"56","author":"Freedman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clinical Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0114|cit114","first-page":"496","article-title":"A lactic acid producer enterococcus in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and in the treatment of acute diarrhoeal disorders: a double-blind multicentre placebo-controlled clinical trial (Abstract)","volume":"31 Suppl","author":"Frigerio","year":"1986","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0115|cit115","first-page":"61","article-title":"Efficacy of probiotic preparation with living, freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria and yeast on child diarrhoea","volume":"47","author":"Girola","year":"1995","journal-title":"Archivio di Medicina Interna"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0116|cit116","first-page":"75","article-title":"The efficacy of the new bacterial preparation biosporin in treating acute intestinal infections","volume":"1","author":"Gracheva","year":"1996","journal-title":"Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii, i Immunobiologii"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0117|cit117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grandi G Medina M Soria R Teran C Araya M Probiotics in the management of acute rotavirus diarrhea in Bolivian children: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of two different preparations Pediatric Research 2010 447 (abstract 10)","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-253"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0118|cit118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-253","article-title":"Probiotics in the treatment of acute rotavirus diarrhoea. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial using two different probiotic preparations in Bolivian children","volume":"10","author":"Grandy","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0119|cit119","first-page":"432","article-title":"The efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of acute watery diarrhoea in children: a multicentre randomized controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Hafeez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0120|cit120","first-page":"605","article-title":"Acute diarrhoea in infants and small children. Successful adjuvant therapy with the probiotic Mutaflor","volume":"71","author":"Henker","year":"2007","journal-title":"P\u00e4diat. Prax"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0121|cit121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.15537\/1658-3175.4977","article-title":"A comparison between traditional yogurt and probiotic yogurt in non-inflammatory acute gastroenteritis","volume":"31","author":"Heydarian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Saudi Medical Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0122|cit122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.214","article-title":"Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of acute watery diarrhea in Myanmar children: a randomized control study","volume":"78","author":"Htwe","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0123|cit123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.88.1.90","article-title":"A human Lactobacillus strain (Lactobacillus casei GG) promotes recovery from acute diarrhea in children","volume":"88","author":"Isolauri","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0124|cit124","unstructured":"Jimenez-Rodriguez C Jimenez-Diaz J Hernandez-Martinez F Rodriguez-De-vera B Efficacy of probiotics against acute diarrhoea in warm areas Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism Conference: 9th workshop probiotics and prebiotics 2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0125|cit125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199208000-00002","article-title":"Enhancement of the circulating antibody secreting cell response in human diarrhea by a human Lactobacillus strain","volume":"32","author":"Kaila","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0126|cit126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.72.1.51","article-title":"Viable versus inactivated Lactobacillus strain GG in acute rotavirus diarrhoea","volume":"72","author":"Kaila","year":"1995","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0127|cit127","first-page":"122","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of use of probiotic \u201cSaccharomyces boulardii\u201d in children with acute watery diarrhea","volume":"36","author":"Khan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pakistan Pediatric Journal"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0128|cit128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02731667","article-title":"Efficacy of tyndalized Lactobacillus acidophilus in acute diarrhoea","volume":"72","author":"Khanna","year":"2005","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0129|cit129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.4103\/jphi.JPHI_5_19","article-title":"Effect of probiotics in the treatment of acute noninflammatory diarrhea in hospitalized children aged 2\u201310 years","volume":"8","author":"Khoshdel","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0130|cit130","first-page":"58","article-title":"Use of loading doses of Bifidumbacterin forte for the treatment of patients with acute enteric infections","volume":"6","author":"Korviakova","year":"2000","journal-title":"Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii, i Immunobiologii"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0131|cit131","first-page":"26","article-title":"Beneficial role of probiotic in acute childhood diarrhoea","volume":"2","author":"Lahiri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Harmonized Research in Medical and Health Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0132|cit132","first-page":"74","article-title":"Bacillus clausii as an adjuvant therapy In acute childhood diarrhoea","volume":"14","author":"Lahiri","year":"2015","journal-title":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0133|cit133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.04.022","article-title":"Spontaneously fermented millet product as a natural probiotic treatment for diarrhea in young children: an intervention study Northern Ghana","volume":"110","author":"Lei","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Food Microbiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0134|cit134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2010.02.004","article-title":"A multicentric study of a lactose free formula supplemented with Saccharomyces boulardii in children with acute diarrhea","volume":"17","author":"Le Luyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Archives de P\u00e9diatrie"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0135|cit135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2930","article-title":"An experimental study and a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the antisecretory activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain LB against non-rotavirus diarrhea","volume":"120","author":"Lievin-Le Maol","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0136|cit136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.11.114","article-title":"Different effects of probiotic species\/strains on infections in preschool children: a double-blind, randomized, controlled study","volume":"27","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0137|cit137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.5414\/CPP44207","article-title":"Therapeutic value of a Lactobacillus gasseri and Bifdobacterium longum fixed bacterium combination in acute diarrhea: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial","volume":"44","author":"Margreiter","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0138|cit138","first-page":"333","article-title":"Lactic acid bacteria in the treatment of acute rotavirus gastroenteritis","volume":"20","author":"Majamaa","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0139|cit139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pii: E1189","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10091189","article-title":"Efficacy of an oral rehydration solution enriched with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and zinc in the management of acute diarrhoea in infants: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"10","author":"Maragkoudaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0140|cit140","unstructured":"Maugo BM Effectiveness of Bacillus clausii in reducing duration of illness in acute diarrhoea in children 6\u201359 months of age admitted with severe dehydration University of Nairobi, Kenya 2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0141|cit141","first-page":"83","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of milk fermented by lactobacillus (kumis) in nutritional recovery of undernourished children and control of their diarrhoea episodes","volume":"24","author":"Mazo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0142|cit142","first-page":"545","article-title":"Clinical assessment of a new oral bacterial treatment for children with acute diarrhea","volume":"87","author":"Michielutti","year":"1996","journal-title":"Minerva Medica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0143|cit143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.060","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus GG in infantile diarrhea","volume":"155","author":"Misra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0144|cit144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90638-H","article-title":"A double-blind, controlled trial of bioflorin (Streptococcus faecium SF68) in adults with acute diarrhea due to Vibrio chlolerae and entertoxigenic Escherichia coli","volume":"99","author":"Mitra","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0145|cit145","first-page":"65","article-title":"A multicentric, randomised, investigator-blind, parallel group study to assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Racecadotril versus Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of acute diarrhoea in adults","volume":"58","author":"Moraes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Medicina"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0146|cit146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1177\/000992286300200710","article-title":"Yogurt in the treatment of infantile diarrhea","volume":"2","author":"Niv","year":"1963","journal-title":"Clinical Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0147|cit147","first-page":"76","article-title":"Randomized comparative testing of a new drug in intestinal disorders in a child","volume":"113","author":"Ortlieb","year":"1974","journal-title":"Therapie der Gegenwart"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0148|cit148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.24953\/turkjpediatr.2006.2610","article-title":"Evaluation of yogurt effect on acute diarrhea in 6-24-month-old hospitalized infants","volume":"48","author":"Pashapour","year":"2006","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0149|cit149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(74)80618-9","article-title":"Controlled trial of orally administered lactobacilli in acute infantile diarrhea","volume":"84","author":"Pearce","year":"1974","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0150|cit150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.1999.tb11698.x","article-title":"The effect of supplementation with milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei (strain DN-114 001) on acute diarrhoea in children attending day care centres","volume":"53","author":"Pedone","year":"1999","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0151|cit151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2000.tb10929.x","article-title":"Multicentric study of the effect of milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei on the incidence of diarrhoea","volume":"54","author":"Pedone","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0152|cit152","first-page":"241","article-title":"The colibacillus-lactobacillus combination in the treatment of diarrhea in adults, children and infants","volume":"42","author":"Pene","year":"1966","journal-title":"La Semaine Des Hopitaux"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0153|cit153","first-page":"477","article-title":"Coddle study: Bacillus clausii as an adjunctive treatment of acute community-acquired diarrhoea in Filipino children","volume":"68","author":"Perez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0154|cit154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0185177","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185177","article-title":"Rapid enteric testing to permit targeted antimicrobial therapy, with and without Lactobacillus reuteri probiotics, for paediatric acute diarrhoeal disease in Botswana: a pilot, randomized, factorial, controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Pernica","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0155|cit155","unstructured":"Rafeey M Ghojazadeh M Hadari V Probiotics in children with acute diarrhea WCPGHAN 3: World Congress of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition 2008 129 35"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0156|cit156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.79.2.157","article-title":"Management of acute diarrhoea with low osmolarity oral rehydration solutions and Lactobacillus strain GG","volume":"79","author":"Rautanen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0157|cit157","first-page":"64","article-title":"Efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of diarrhea in AIDS","volume":"142","author":"Saint-Marc","year":"1991","journal-title":"Annales de M\u00e9decine Interne"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0158|cit158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salazar-Lindo E Miranda-Langschwager P Campos-Sanchez M Chea-Woo E Bradley Sack R Lactobacillus casei strain GG in the treatment of infants with acute watery diarrhoea: a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial BMC Pediatrics 2004 4 18 http:\/\/www.biomedcentral.com\/1471-2431\/4\/18","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-4-18"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0159|cit159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3180375594","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of Lactobacillus LB in the treatment of mild acute diarrhea in children","volume":"44","author":"Salazar-Lindo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0160|cit160","first-page":"2178","article-title":"Effect of Bifidobacterium breve administration on clinical course and intestinal flora in children with acute diarrhea [Abstract]","volume":"88","author":"Satoh","year":"1984","journal-title":"Nippon Shonikagakkai Zasshi"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0161|cit161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.24953\/turkjpediatr.2009.2291","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii in amebiasis-associated diarrhea in children","volume":"51","author":"Savas-Erdeve","year":"2009","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0162|cit162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1177\/000992280404300305","article-title":"Benefits of oral supplementation with and without synbiotics in young children","volume":"43","author":"Schrezenmeir","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical Paediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0163|cit163","first-page":"74","article-title":"Impact of a Lactobacillus probiotic on the faecal microflora in children with shigellosis","volume":"23","author":"Sepp","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microecology and Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0164|cit164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-017-9271-0","article-title":"The role of probiotics in the treatment of dysentery: a randomized double-blind clinical trial","volume":"9","author":"Sharif","year":"2017","journal-title":"Probiotics and Antomicrobial Proteins"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0165|cit165","first-page":"68","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of the addition of lyophilized, heat-killed Lactobacillus acidophilus LB to oral rehydration therapy in the treatment of acute diarrhoea in children","volume":"30","author":"Simakachorn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0166|cit166","first-page":"228","article-title":"Erratum","volume":"30","author":"Simakachorn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0167|cit167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107\u201315","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu065","article-title":"Immune response and intestinal permeability in children with acute gastroenteritis treated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"58","author":"Sindhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0168|cit168","first-page":"530","article-title":"Yoghurt feeding during acute diarrhea","volume":"24","author":"Singh","year":"1987","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0169|cit169","first-page":"167","article-title":"Comparison of clinical efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii with yogurt in acute watery diarrhea in children","volume":"42","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pakistan Paediatric Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0170|cit170","first-page":"845","article-title":"Management of infant diarrhea with high-lactose probiotic-containing formula","volume":"34","author":"Sudarmo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0171|cit171","first-page":"2755","article-title":"Efficacy of Lactobacillus preparation bioloactis powder in children with rotavirus enteritis","volume":"47","author":"Sugita","year":"1994","journal-title":"Japan Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0172|cit172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1536-4801.2005.tb01219.x","article-title":"Treatment of acute infectious diarrhoea in children with a mixture of three new Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains (573L\/1,573L\/2, 573L\/3). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"Szymanski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0173|cit173","first-page":"29","article-title":"Smecta and Lactobacillus acidophilus ND in the treatment of acute diarrhoea in children","volume":"52","author":"T\u00e1borsk\u00e1","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ceskoslovensk\u00e1 Pediatrie"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0174|cit174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.1987.tb00024.x","article-title":"The effects of Bifidobacterium breve administration on Campylobacter enteritis","volume":"29","author":"Tojo","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica Japonica"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0175|cit175","first-page":"102","article-title":"Bacillus clausii and adjunct treatment for pediatric patients with acute non-bloody diarrhea: a randomized, controlled clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"Urtula","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Probiotics and Prebiotics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0176|cit176","first-page":"471","article-title":"Effects of probiotics in shortening the duration of acute diarrhea; a randomized control study","volume":"12","author":"Zareen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0177|cit177","unstructured":"Effect of probiotic Bacillus clausii UBBC07 in children with Acute Diarrhoea http:\/\/ctri.nic.in\/Clinicaltrials\/advsearch.php"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0178|cit178","unstructured":"Efficacy of Lactobacillus sporogenes in treating acute diarrhoea in adults-randomised control study http:\/\/ctri.nic.in\/Clinicaltrials\/advsearch.php"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0179|cit179","unstructured":"A multicentric, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM-I 3799 Bacillus subtilis CU \u2013 1 combination for treatment of acute diarrhoea in Indian children http:\/\/ctri.nic.in\/Clinicaltrials\/advsearch.php"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0180|cit180","unstructured":"Evaluation of the effect of ORS with probiotics, zinc and vitamin A on diarrhea in children, a double blind clinical trial https:\/\/en.irct.ir\/trial\/12487"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0181|cit181","unstructured":"The effect of yeast probiotic (Saccharomyces boulardii) on acute diarrhea in children https:\/\/en.irct.ir\/trial\/12898"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0182|cit182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Probiotics for treatment of acute childhood diarrhea https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/ISRCTN18444252","DOI":"10.1186\/ISRCTN18444252"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0183|cit183","unstructured":"Efficacy and Safety of Probiotics in the Treatment of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children (SABINA) https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03539913"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0184|cit184","unstructured":"Efficacy of probiotics vs. zinc vs. probiotics-zinc combination on acute diarrhea in children https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03684538"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0185|cit185","first-page":"187","article-title":"Efficacy of probiotic use in acute rotavirus diarrhea in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0186|cit186","first-page":"709","article-title":"Persistent diarrhoea in children in developing countries: memorandum from a WHO meeting","volume":"66","year":"1988","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"Supplement 3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0187|cit187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s16","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-S3-S16","article-title":"Systematic review of probiotics for the treatment of community-acquired acute diarrhea in children","volume":"13","author":"Applegate","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0188|cit188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.7326\/m18-0343","article-title":"Harms reporting in randomized controlled trials of interventions aimed at modifying microbiota: a systematic review","volume":"169","author":"Bafeta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"9613","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0189|cit189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60207-X","article-title":"Probiotic prophylaxis in predicted severe acute pancreatitis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"371","author":"Besselink","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0190|cit190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S131","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/8.Supplement_2.S131","article-title":"Pathogens that cause traveler's diarrhea in Latin America and Africa","volume":"8","author":"Black","year":"1986","journal-title":"Reviews of Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"F1000 Faculty R","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0191|cit191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.19043.1","article-title":"Probiotics and prebiotics in clinical tests: an update","volume":"8","author":"Br\u00fcssow","year":"2019","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0192|cit192","unstructured":"Clarke M Oxman A Optimal search strategy. Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook 4.2 [updated March 2003]; Appendix 5c In: The Cochrane Library. The Cochrane Collaboration. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2003, Issue 3"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0193|cit193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000096","article-title":"Global burden of childhood diarrhoea and interventions","volume":"27","author":"Das","year":"2014","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"Supplement 2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0194|cit194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s129","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ085","article-title":"Risk and safety of probiotics","volume":"60","author":"Doron","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0195|cit195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005506.pub5","article-title":"Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents","author":"Fedorowicz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0196|cit196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-220","article-title":"Diarrhoea incidence in low and middle income countries in 1990 and 2010: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Fischer Walker","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0197|cit197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S69","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000420","article-title":"Recommendations for probiotic use - 2015 update: proceedings and consensus opinion","volume":"49 Suppl 1","author":"Floch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0198|cit198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0207701","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207701","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness and safety of interventions for acute diarrhea and gastroenteritis in children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Florez","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0199|cit199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001264.pub2","article-title":"Rice-based oral rehydration solution for treating diarrhoea","author":"Fontaine","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0200|cit200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2005.08.002","article-title":"Current concepts in the evaluation, diagnosis and management of acute infectious diarrhea","volume":"5","author":"Gadewar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0201|cit201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-015-0004-5","article-title":"A review of the systematic review process and its applicability for use in evaluating evidence for health claims on probiotic foods in the European Union","volume":"14","author":"Glanville","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrition Journal"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0202|cit202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006519.pub3","article-title":"Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea","author":"Gregorio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0203|cit203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000375","article-title":"European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition\/European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis in children in Europe: update 2014","volume":"59","author":"Guarino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0204|cit204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s37","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000349","article-title":"Probiotics for prevention and treatment of diarrhea","volume":"49","author":"Guarino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0205|cit205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000002053","article-title":"Universal recommendations for the management of acute diarrhea in nonmalnourished children","volume":"67","author":"Guarino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0206|cit206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3182549092","article-title":"World Gastroenterology Organisation global guidelines: probiotics and prebiotics","volume":"46","author":"Guarner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0207|cit207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380\u20132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.09.011","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: a new series of articles in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0208|cit208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2019.05.010","article-title":"Probiotic mechanisms of action","volume":"135","author":"Halloran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Early Human Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0209|cit209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177\u201395","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz071","article-title":"When poorly conducted systematic reviews and meta-analyses can mislead: a critical appraisal and update of systematic reviews and meta-analyses examining the effects of probiotics in the treatment of functional constipation in children","volume":"110","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0210|cit210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004390.pub2","article-title":"Oral versus intravenous rehydration for treating dehydration due to gastroenteritis in children","author":"Hartling","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0211|cit211","first-page":"1","article-title":"Safety of probiotics used to reduce risk and prevent or treat disease","volume":"200","author":"Hempel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evidence Reports\/Technology Assessments"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0212|cit212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1044","article-title":"Consistency and inconsistency in network metaanalysis: concepts and models for multi-arm studies","volume":"3","author":"Higgins","year":"2012","journal-title":"Research Synthesis Methods"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0213|cit213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.66","article-title":"The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic","volume":"11","author":"Hill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0214|cit214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02107","article-title":"The Lactobacillus casei group: history and health related applications","volume":"9","author":"Hill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0215|cit215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0132382","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132382","article-title":"Likelihood of null effects of large NHLBI clinical trials has increased over time","volume":"10","author":"Kaplan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0216|cit216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e176","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13349","article-title":"Developing a core outcome measurement set for clinical trials in acute diarrhoea","volume":"105","author":"Karas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"issue":"9888","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0217|cit217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60844-2","article-title":"Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study","volume":"382","author":"Kotloff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0218|cit218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e570","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30076-2","article-title":"The incidence, etiology and adverse clinical consequences of less severe diarrheal episodes among infants and children residing in developing countries: a 12-month follow-on investigation to the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS)","volume":"7","author":"Kotloff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0219|cit219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005436.pub4","article-title":"Oral zinc for treating diarrhoea in children","author":"Lazzerini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0220|cit220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4999","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i33.4999","article-title":"Efficacy of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in treatment of acute pediatric diarrhea: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0221|cit221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3027","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31593-8","article-title":"Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2000-13, with projections to inform post-2015 priorities: an updated systematic analysis","volume":"388","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10051","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0222|cit222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31529-X","article-title":"Use of quantitative molecular diagnostic methods to identify causes of diarrhoea in children: a reanalysis of the GEMS case-control study","volume":"388","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0223|cit223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1080\/16070658.2018.1449378","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis in the paediatric population: a systematic review","volume":"32","author":"Padayachee","year":"2019","journal-title":"South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0224|cit224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11112762","article-title":"Systematic review with meta-analysis: Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 for treating acute gastroenteritis in children. An update","volume":"11","author":"Patro-Go\u0142ab","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0225|cit225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011526.pub2","article-title":"Smectite for acute infectious diarrhoea in children","author":"P\u00e9rez-Gaxiola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0226|cit226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671S","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.113779","article-title":"Guidance for substantiating the evidence for beneficial effects of probiotics: current status and recommendations for future research","volume":"140","author":"Rijkers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0227|cit227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289\u2013302","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001322","article-title":"Industry funding effect on positive results of probiotic use in the management of acute diarrhea: a systematized review","volume":"31","author":"Saa","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0228|cit228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2174\/187152812798889394","article-title":"A meta-analysis and systematic review on the effect of probiotics in acute diarrhea","volume":"11","author":"Salari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0229|cit229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(93)90529-Y","article-title":"Diarrhoeal disease: current concepts and future challenges. Epidemiology of diarrhoeal diseases in developed countries","volume":"87 Suppl 3","author":"Savarino","year":"1993","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0230|cit230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15418","article-title":"Letter: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG offers no benefit over placebo in children with acute gastroenteritis","volume":"50","author":"Schnadower","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0231|cit231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15418","article-title":"Letter: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG offers no benefit over placebo in children with acute gastroenteritis","volume":"50","author":"Schnadower","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0232|cit232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0209205","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209205","article-title":"Choosing an appropriate probiotic product for your patient: an evidence-based practical guide","volume":"13","author":"Sniffen","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0233|cit233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.05.059","article-title":"AGA Clinical Practice Guidelines on the role of probiotics in the management of gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"159","author":"Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0234|cit234","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antivirulence properties of probiotics in combating microbial pathogenesis","volume":"98","author":"Surendran Nair","year":"2017","journal-title":"Advances in Applied Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0235|cit235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376\u201384","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15267","article-title":"Systematic review with meta-analysis: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG for treating acute gastroenteritis in children \u2013 a 2019 update","volume":"49","author":"Szajewska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0236|cit236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15431","article-title":"Letter: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG offers no benefit over placebo in children with acute gastroenteritis. Authors' reply","volume":"50","author":"Szajewska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0237|cit237","unstructured":"Diarrhoeal disease https:\/\/data.unicef.org\/topic\/child-health\/diarrhoeal-disease\/#"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0238|cit238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(93)90530-4","article-title":"Diarrhoeal disease: current concepts and future challenges. Malnutrition and infection","volume":"87 Suppl 3","author":"Walker-Smith","year":"1993","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0239|cit239","volume-title":"The Treatment of Diarrhoea. A Manual for Physicians and Other Senior Health Workers","author":"Division of Diarrhoeal and Acute Respiratory Disease Control","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0240|cit240","volume-title":"The World Health Report : 2001: Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0241|cit241","volume-title":"The Treatment of Diarrhoea: A Manual for Physicians and Other Senior Health Workers","author":"Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0242|cit242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp090168","article-title":"Probiotics","volume":"67","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0243|cit243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698S","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.113753","article-title":"Guidance for substantiating the evidence for beneficial effects of probiotics: prevention and management of infections by probiotics","volume":"140","author":"Wolvers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0244|cit244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0626-9","article-title":"Genomic and epidemiological evidence of bacterial transmission from probiotic capsule to blood in ICU patients","volume":"25","author":"Yelin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0245|cit245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048","article-title":"Probiotics for treating infectious diarrhoea","author":"Allen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0246|cit246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub2","article-title":"Probiotics for treating infectious diarrhoea","author":"Allen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4-BIB0247|cit247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub3","article-title":"Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea","author":"Allen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T10:50:23Z","timestamp":1790074223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD003048.pub4"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]]},"references-count":247,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd003048.pub4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]]}}}