{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T11:56:31Z","timestamp":1778154991047,"version":"3.51.4"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd004944.pub2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,31]],"date-time":"2016-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454198400000}}],"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd004944.pub3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,31]],"date-time":"2016-01-31T17:34:56Z","timestamp":1454261696000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Techniques for assisting difficult delivery at caesarean section"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Heather","family":"Waterfall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyell McEwin Hospital; Women's and Children's Division; Haydown Road Elizabeth SA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosalie M","family":"Grivell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Adelaide, Women's and Children's Hospital; Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Robinson Research Institute; 72 King William Road Adelaide South Australia Australia SA 5006"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jodie M","family":"Dodd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Adelaide, Women's and Children's Hospital; School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; 72 King William Road Adelaide South Australia Australia 5006"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2011.12.027","article-title":"Comparison of \u201cpush\u201d and \u201cpull\u201d methods for impacted fetal head extraction during cesarean delivery","volume":"118","author":"Veisi","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-10009","article-title":"Instrumental delivery of the fetal head at the time of elective repeat cesarean: a randomized pilot study","volume":"17","author":"Bofill","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(97)00594-2","article-title":"Nitroglycerin to facilitate fetal extraction during cesarean delivery","volume":"91","author":"David","year":"1998","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0004|cit4","first-page":"168","article-title":"Nitroglycerin for an intraoperative uterine relaxation during caesarean section - results of a randomised clinical study","volume":"202","author":"David","year":"1998","journal-title":"Zeitschrift fur Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)70353-X","article-title":"Nitroglycerin application during cesarean delivery: plasma levels, fetal\/maternal ratio of nitroglycerin, and effects in newborns","volume":"182","author":"David","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610220141290","article-title":"Delivery of the impacted head of the fetus at caesarean section after prolonged obstructed labour: a randomised comparative study of two methods","volume":"22","author":"Fasubaa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0007|cit7","first-page":"1261","article-title":"Reverse breech extraction versus head pushing in caesarean section for obstructed labour","volume":"32","author":"Frass","year":"2011","journal-title":"Saudi Medical Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1341-8076.2003.00092.x","article-title":"Effect of fundal pressure on maternal to fetal microtransfusion at the time of cesarean delivery","volume":"29","author":"Owens","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2012.03.005","article-title":"Comparison of neonatal and maternal outcomes associated with head-pushing and head-pulling methods for impacted fetal head extraction during cesarean delivery","volume":"118","author":"Bastani","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0010|cit10","unstructured":"Bellad MB Safety and effectiveness of ventouse extraction versus manual extraction of fetal head at cesarean section - a randomized controlled trial Clinical Trials Registry - India (http:\/\/www.ctri.nic.in\/) [accessed 3 September 2015] 2013"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(01)80499-3","article-title":"Effects of sublingual nitroglycerin on human uterine contractility during the active phase of labor (abstract)","volume":"185","author":"Buhimischi","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.123890","article-title":"Effects of sublingual nitroglycerin on human uterine contractility during the active phase of labor","volume":"187","author":"Buhimschi","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0013|cit13","first-page":"296","article-title":"Intrauterine resuscitation with tocolysis: an alternate month clinical trial","volume":"9","author":"Burke","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340903214932","article-title":"Disengagement of the deeply engaged fetal head during cesarean section in advanced labour: Conventional method versus reverse breech extraction","volume":"88","author":"Chopra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Obstetricia & Gynecologica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F88","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.80.2.F88","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of effect of terbutaline before elective caesarean section on postnatal respiration and glucose homeostasis","volume":"80","author":"Eisler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1971.tb00219.x","article-title":"Neonatal acidaemia related to procrastination at caesarean section.","volume":"78","author":"Fothergill","year":"1978","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0017|cit17","first-page":"43","article-title":"Nifedipine in preeclampsia for cesarean section","volume":"31","author":"Hong","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Anesthesiologica Sinica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0018|cit18","first-page":"200","article-title":"Head pushing versus reverse breech extraction for delivery of impacted head during cesarean section","volume":"12","author":"Kadhum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Kufa Medical Journal"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0019|cit19","first-page":"388","article-title":"The harmful effects of beta-2 sympathomimetic drugs as uterine relaxants on caesarean section","volume":"27","author":"Kaukinen","year":"1978","journal-title":"Anaesthetist"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1515\/jpme.1997.25.1.97","article-title":"Betamimetics in fetal distress: randomised controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"Kulier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatal Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0021|cit21","first-page":"93","article-title":"Second stage caesarean section: evaluation of Patwardhan technique","volume":"8","author":"Kumar Saha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Diagnostic Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2004.09.014","article-title":"Head pushing versus reverse breech extraction in cases of impacted fetal head during cesarean section","volume":"121","author":"Levy","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.1993.tb02109.x","article-title":"Acute tocolysis for fetal distress: terbutaline versus magnesium sulphate","volume":"33","author":"Magann","year":"1993","journal-title":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-289X(95)82968-G","article-title":"Acute tocolysis for suspected intrapartum fetal distress: maternal effects of terbutaline versus magnesium sulfate","volume":"4","author":"Magann","year":"1995","journal-title":"International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0025|cit25","first-page":"244","article-title":"Evaluation of Patwardhan's technic - a four year study in a rural teaching hospital","volume":"55","author":"Mukhopadhyay","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India"},{"issue":"5 Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0026|cit26","first-page":"137","article-title":"Randomized comparison of glyceryl trinitrate and volatile anesthetics to facilitate fetal extraction in cesarean section","volume":"33","author":"Naghibi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papanikolaou N Tillisi A Louay L Singh M Ikomi A Varma R Reducing complications related to caesarean section in second stage: UK experience in the use of fetal disimpacting system (FDS) International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2009 S304","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(09)61110-3"},{"issue":"Suppl s1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0028|cit28","first-page":"184","article-title":"Reducing complications in a caesarean section at full dilation using fetal pillow: a prospective randomised trial","volume":"120","author":"Seal","year":"2013","journal-title":"BJOG: an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"},{"issue":"Suppl S1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0029|cit29","first-page":"375","article-title":"A novel technique to reduce the complications of the 2nd stage caesarean delivery using fetal pillow: A randomised controlled trial","volume":"122","author":"Seal","year":"2015","journal-title":"BJOG: an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"},{"issue":"Suppl S1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0030|cit30","first-page":"215","article-title":"Elevating fetal head prior to performing a caesarean section at full dilation using fetal pillow: A prospective randomised trial","volume":"122","author":"Seal","year":"2015","journal-title":"BJOG: an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0031|cit31","first-page":"1093","article-title":"Suppression of uterine activity with salbutamol before caesarean section","volume":"56","author":"Visser","year":"1979","journal-title":"South African Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0032|cit32","unstructured":"Wright M Silcup extraction of the fetal head at elective caesarean section 27th British Congress of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; 1995 July 4-7; Dublin, Ireland 1995 Abstract no: 510"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(38)90272-8","article-title":"Forceps for the floating head in low cesarean section","volume":"35","author":"Acosta Sison","year":"1938","journal-title":"American Journal Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2013.08.014","article-title":"A meta-analysis of reverse breech extraction to deliver a deeply impacted head during cesarean delivery","volume":"124","author":"Berhan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Internation Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-198512000-00023","article-title":"Vacuum extraction during caesarean section","volume":"78","author":"Boehm","year":"1985","journal-title":"Southern Medical Journal"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001060.pub2","article-title":"Magnesium sulphate for preventing preterm birth in threatened preterm labour","author":"Crowther","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0037|cit37","volume-title":"Caesarean Section: A Manual for Doctors","author":"Costa","year":"2006"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.03.030","article-title":"Accidental fetal lacerations during cesarean delivery","volume":"191","author":"Dessole","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002860.pub2","article-title":"Nitric oxide donors for treating preterm labour","author":"Duckitt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0040|cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002255.pub2","article-title":"Calcium channel blockers for inhibiting preterm labour and birth","author":"Flenady","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004452.pub3","article-title":"Oxytocin receptor antagonists for inhibiting preterm labour","author":"Flenady","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(96)02817-2","article-title":"Breech extraction - an alternative method of delivering a deeply engaged head at cesarean section","volume":"56","author":"Fong","year":"1997","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0043|cit43","first-page":"869","article-title":"Tocolytics for preterm labor: a systematic review","volume":"94","author":"Gyetvai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0044|cit44","first-page":"197","article-title":"Laceration injury at cesarean section","volume":"11","author":"Hass","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0045|cit45","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Green S Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(84)90551-9","article-title":"Abdominovaginal delivery: Modification of the cesarean operation to facilitate delivery of the impacted head","volume":"148","author":"Landesman","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2581","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040405","article-title":"Maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with a trial of labor after prior cesarean delivery","volume":"351","author":"Landon","year":"2004","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004352.pub3","article-title":"Betamimetics for inhibiting preterm labour","author":"Neilson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0049|cit49","first-page":"289","article-title":"Use of the soft silicone obstetric vacuum cup for delivery of the fetal head at caesarean section","volume":"29","author":"Pelosi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Reproductive Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001992.pub3","article-title":"Cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitors for treating preterm labour","author":"Reinebrant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0051|cit51","unstructured":"The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager (RevMan) 2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(97)00284-6","article-title":"Fetal laceration injury at cesarean delivery","volume":"90","author":"Smith","year":"1997","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0053|cit53","first-page":"201","article-title":"Delivery of the head by Malmstrom vacuum extractor during cesarean section","volume":"19","author":"Solomen","year":"1962","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub2","article-title":"Tocolysis for assisting delivery at caesarean section","author":"Dodd","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/wol1\/doi\/10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3\/fullpdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,14]],"date-time":"2024-04-14T07:50:42Z","timestamp":1713081042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,31]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd004944.pub3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,31]]}}}