{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T23:38:33Z","timestamp":1792453113364,"version":"4.5.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd006448","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000}}],"reference-count":177,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd006448.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T13:43:24Z","timestamp":1771335804000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Interventions for fatigue management after traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7081-2499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugh E","family":"Senior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health; Massey University; Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4090-6179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan H","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology; The University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Centre for Brain Research; The University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7531-4526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brigette","family":"Meehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"interRAI New Zealand; Te Whatu Ora - Health New Zealand; Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8792-848X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvia","family":"Leao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology; The University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9079-6457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences; The University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8659-0202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne","family":"Barker-Collo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology; The University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0547-0338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Crummey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology; The University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9978-8173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne C","family":"Purdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology; The University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Centre for Brain Research; The University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1080\/16501960410023859","article-title":"Prognosis for mild traumatic brain injury: results of the WHO collaborating centre task force on mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"43","author":"Carroll","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/02699059509004565","article-title":"A profile of outcome: 2 years after traumatic brain injury","volume":"9","author":"Ponsford","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050310001646080","article-title":"Fatigue after brain injury: an initial reliability study of the BNI fatigue scale","volume":"18","author":"Borgaro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388\u201395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2007.06.004","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of the mood module of the patient health questionnaire: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Wittkampf","year":"2007","journal-title":"General Hospital Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-199612000-00011","article-title":"Measurement and management of fatigue in progressive neurological disorders","volume":"9","author":"Krupp","year":"1996","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E172","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000904","article-title":"Dynamic prevalence of and factors associated with fatigue following traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E249","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000710","article-title":"Fatigue after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2023.04.009","article-title":"Recovery of clinical, cognitive and cortical activity measures following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI): A longitudinal investigation","volume":"165","author":"Coyle","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cortex; A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1080\/026990596123945","article-title":"Outcome following traumatic brain injury: a comparison between 2 and 5 years after injury","volume":"10","author":"Olver","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.97.1.169-179","article-title":"Long term symptoms and limitations of activity of people with traumatic brain injury: a ten-year follow-up","volume":"97","author":"O'Connor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychological Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10022-2","article-title":"Frequency of fatigue and its changes in the first 6 months after traumatic brain injury: results from the CENTER-TBI study","volume":"268","author":"Andelic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1080\/14034940410028406","article-title":"Fatigue in the general population: a translation and test of the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the fatigue severity scale","volume":"33","author":"Lerdal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010915)92:6+<1678::aid-cncr1496>3.0.co;2-r","article-title":"The biological basis of fatigue","volume":"92","author":"Gutstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617706060139","article-title":"Vigilance and fatigue following traumatic brain injury","volume":"12","author":"Ziino","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2004.01.001","article-title":"Divided attention and mental effort after severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"42","author":"Azouvi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HTR.0000308720.70288.af","article-title":"Fatigue after traumatic brain injury and its impact on participation and quality of life","volume":"23","author":"Cantor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0990001","article-title":"Fatigue in chronic disease","volume":"99","author":"Swain","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clinical Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0300910","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0300910","article-title":"Prevalence of fatigue and cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury","volume":"19","author":"Wright","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2014.974674","article-title":"A review of post-concussion syndrome and psychological factors associated with concussion","volume":"29","author":"Broshek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-097393","article-title":"What is the definition of sports-related concussion: a systematic review","volume":"51","author":"McCrory","year":"2017","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097699","article-title":"Consensus statement on concussion in sport-the 5th international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016","volume":"51","author":"McCrory","year":"2017","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuchi.2020.02.002","article-title":"Definition and epidemiology of mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"67","author":"Lefevre-Dognin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro-Chirurgie"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30415-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"18","author":"GBD 2016 Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury Collaborators","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70262-4","article-title":"Incidence of traumatic brain injury in New Zealand: a population-based study","volume":"12","author":"Feigin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.02.011","article-title":"White matter involvement after TBI: clues to axon and myelin repair capacity","volume":"275","author":"Armstrong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13795","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13628-1","article-title":"White matter microstructure is associated with functional, cognitive and emotional symptoms 12 months after mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"7","author":"Hellstr\u00f8m","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CNC50","DOI":"10.2217\/cnc-2017-0003","article-title":"Understanding the interplay between mild traumatic brain injury and cognitive fatigue: models and treatments","volume":"2","author":"Wylie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Concussion"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5215.2012.00678.x","article-title":"Placebo-controlled cross-over study of the monoaminergic stabiliser (\u2212)-OSU6162 in mental fatigue following stroke or traumatic brain injury","volume":"24","author":"Johansson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-161388","article-title":"A systematic review of the effect of physical exercise on cognition in stroke and traumatic brain injury patients","volume":"40","author":"Vanderbeken","year":"2017","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.632117","article-title":"Cognitive and graded activity training can alleviate persistent fatigue after stroke: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Zedlitz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2009.01.004","article-title":"Effect of light on human circadian physiology","volume":"4","author":"Duffy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Medicine Clinics"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616\u201321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.06.031","article-title":"Daytime light exposure dynamically enhances brain responses","volume":"16","author":"Vandewalle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-130321","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for sleep disturbances and fatigue in patients with post-polio syndrome","volume":"31","author":"Acler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e318217df55","article-title":"Noninvasive brain stimulation in traumatic brain injury","volume":"27","author":"Demirtas-Tatlidede","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e31824ee1a8","article-title":"Fatigue and sleep disturbance following traumatic brain injury - their nature, causes, and potential treatments","volume":"27","author":"Ponsford","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520460115022","article-title":"The fatigue severity scale. Application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"46","author":"Krupp","year":"1989","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458505ms1148oa","article-title":"Does the modified fatigue impact scale offer a more comprehensive assessment of fatigue in MS?","volume":"11","author":"T\u00e9llez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(91)90027-m","article-title":"Validity and reliability of a scale to assess fatigue","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"1991","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(94)00125-o","article-title":"The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) psychometric qualities of an instrument to assess fatigue","volume":"39","author":"Smets","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3109\/02699050903452961","article-title":"A self-assessment questionnaire for mental fatigue and related symptoms after neurological disorders and injuries","volume":"24","author":"Johansson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.57.5.353","article-title":"Fatigue among working people: validity of a questionnaire measure","volume":"57","author":"Beurskens","year":"2000","journal-title":"Occupational Environmental Medicine"},{"issue":"0","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1159\/000395074","article-title":"Assessment of depression: the depression inventory","volume":"7","author":"Beck","year":"1974","journal-title":"Modern Problems in Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","volume-title":"POMS Manual for the Profile of Mood States","author":"McNair","year":"1971"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-199510030-00002","article-title":"Persistent postconcussion syndrome: the structure of subjective complaints after mTBI","volume":"10","author":"Cicerone","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acu014","article-title":"Psychometric characteristics of the postconcussion symptom inventory in children and adolescents","volume":"29","author":"Sady","year":"2014","journal-title":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200108000-00006","article-title":"PedsQL 4.0: reliability and validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 generic core scales in healthy and patient populations","volume":"39","author":"Varni","year":"2001","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00868811","article-title":"The Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire: a measure of symptoms commonly experienced after head injury and its reliability","volume":"242","author":"King","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199603000-00003","article-title":"A 12-item short-form health survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity","volume":"34","author":"Kosinski","year":"1996","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000530","article-title":"Measuring fatigue in TBI: development of the TBI-QOL fatigue item bank and short form","volume":"34","author":"Kisala","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t01004-000","volume-title":"Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS--21, DASS--42)","author":"Lovibond","year":"1995"},{"issue":"271","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1978.tb02357.x","article-title":"A comprehensive psychopathological rating scale","volume":"Supplementum","author":"Asberg","year":"1978","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","first-page":"363","volume-title":"Use of Psychological Testing for Treatment Planning and Outcomes Assessment: Instruments for Adults","author":"Eaton","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t04100-000","volume-title":"Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD, HAM-D)","author":"Hamilton","year":"1960"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0056|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2007.10.006","article-title":"A clinically useful depression outcome scale","volume":"49","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0057|cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t06496-000","volume-title":"State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults (STAI-AD)","author":"Spielberger","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0058|cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t02591-000","volume-title":"Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7)","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0059|cit59","volume-title":"PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)","author":"Weathers","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0060|cit60","volume-title":"Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5)","author":"Weathers","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t00789-000","volume-title":"Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)","author":"Derogatis","year":"1982"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0062|cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000131","article-title":"Development and calibration of item banks to measure patient reported outcomes following traumatic brain injury","volume":"31","author":"Tulsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Partington JE Leiter RG Partington's Pathways Test Psychological Service Center Journal 1949","DOI":"10.1037\/t66320-000"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0064|cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2006.05.007","article-title":"Reliability and validity of a computerized neurocognitive test battery, CNS Vital Signs","volume":"21","author":"Gualtieri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0065|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t15169-000","volume-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV)","author":"Wechsler","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t15082-000","volume-title":"Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS)","author":"Delis","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0067|cit67","unstructured":"Iverson GL Lovell MR Collins MW Immediate post-concussion assessment and cognitive testing (ImPACT): normative data www.impacttest.com 2003 1297 9 10.1007\/978-0-387-79948-3_1873"},{"issue":"3 Pt2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0068|cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.2466\/PMS.75.8.1311-1319","article-title":"The Ruff 2 and 7 selective attention test: a neuropsychological application","volume":"75","author":"Ruff","year":"1992","journal-title":"Perceptual and Motor Skills"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t27513-000","volume-title":"Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT)","author":"Smith","year":"1973"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03200977","article-title":"Microcomputer analyses of performance on a portable, simple visual RT task during sustained operations","volume":"17","author":"Dinges","year":"1985","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers"},{"issue":"3\/4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0071|cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/09602010042000033","article-title":"Assessing quality of life (QOL) in dementia: preliminary psychometric testing of the quality of life assessment schedule (QOLAS)","volume":"11","author":"Selai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropsychological Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0072|cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa4901_13","article-title":"The Satisfaction With Life Scale","volume":"49","author":"Diener","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0073|cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/3-211-27577-0_6","article-title":"Assessment of health-related quality of life in persons after traumatic brain injury--development of the Qolibri, a specific measure","volume":"93","author":"Steinbuechel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0074|cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8510(90)90421-9","article-title":"EuroQol-a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life","volume":"16","author":"The EuroQol Group","year":"1990","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0075|cit75","first-page":"11","article-title":"Validation of the brief Quality Of Life Interview (QOLI): I. Internal structure","volume":"26","author":"Lan\u00e7on","year":"2000","journal-title":"Encephale"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0076|cit76","volume-title":"World Health Organization Quality of Life (\u200eWHOQOL)\u200e - BREF, 2012 Revision","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2004"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0077|cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","article-title":"A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale","volume":"14","author":"Johns","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0078|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-9893-4_47","volume-title":"STOP, THAT and One Hundred Other Sleep Scales","author":"Shahid","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0079|cit79","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency ICH E2D Post-approval safety data management - Scientific guideline https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/ich-e2d-post-approval-safety-data-management-scientific-guideline"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0080|cit80","unstructured":"Higgins JP Thomas J Chandler J Cumpston M Li T Page MJ Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5 (updated August 2024). Cochrane, 2024 Available from cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0081|cit81","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Altman DG Sterne JAC Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.2.0 (updated June 2017). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2017 Available from cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/archive\/v5.2.0"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0082|cit82","unstructured":"Boutron I Page MJ Higgins JPT Chapter 7: Considering bias and conflicts of interest among the included studies. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.4 (updated August 2023). Cochrane, 2023 Available from cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0083|cit83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135","article-title":"Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range","volume":"14","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0084|cit84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphic test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0085|cit85","unstructured":"Deeks JJ Higgins JPT Altman DG Chapter 10: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.4 (updated August 2023). Cochrane, 2023 Available from cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0086|cit86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000127767.83267.33","article-title":"The effect of age on functional outcome in mild traumatic brain injury: 6-month report of a prospective multicenter trial","volume":"56","author":"Mosenthal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0087|cit87","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann HJ Higgins JPT Vist GE Chapter 14: completing \u2018Summary of findings\u2019 tables and grading the certainty of the evidence. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.1 (updated September 2020). Cochrane, 2020 https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/archive\/v6.1"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0088|cit88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20192812","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-2812","article-title":"Efficacy of melatonin in children with postconcussive symptoms: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"145","author":"Barlow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0089|cit89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E490","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000583","article-title":"Effectiveness of the brains ahead! Intervention: 6 months results of a randomized controlled trial in school-aged children with mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"35","author":"Renaud","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0090|cit90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e210207","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.0207","article-title":"Effect of collaborative care on persistent postconcussive symptoms in adolescents: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"McCarty","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0091|cit91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20160459","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-0459","article-title":"Collaborative care for adolescents with persistent postconcussive symptoms: a randomized trial","volume":"138","author":"Carolyn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0092|cit92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2019.11.007","article-title":"Novel interdisciplinary intervention, GAIN, vs. enhanced usual care to reduce high levels of post-concussion symptoms in adolescents and young adults 2-6 months post-injury: a randomised trial","volume":"17","author":"Thastum","year":"2019","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0093|cit93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2310821","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.10821","article-title":"Effect of an individually tailored and home-based intervention in the chronic phase of traumatic brain injury: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Borgen","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0094|cit94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.2217\/NPY.13.75","article-title":"Depression and traumatic brain injury: symptom proles of patients treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy or supportive psychotherapy","volume":"3","author":"D\u2019Antonio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0095|cit95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000098","article-title":"Comparison of cognitive behavioral therapy and supportive psychotherapy for the treatment of depression following traumatic brain injury - a randomized controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Ashman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0096|cit96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-192718","article-title":"Neurocognitive Driving Rehabilitation in Virtual Environments (NeuroDRIVE): a pilot clinical trial for chronic traumatic brain injury","volume":"44","author":"Ettenhofer","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0097|cit97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1375\/brim.2005.6.3.169","article-title":"A randomised controlled trial of a cognitive-behavioural therapy program for managing social anxiety after acquired brain injury","volume":"6","author":"Hodgson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Impairment"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0098|cit98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2022.048587","article-title":"An internet-based self-management intervention to reduce fatigue among people with traumatic brain injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"76","author":"Raina","year":"2022","journal-title":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0099|cit99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569005","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.569005","article-title":"Cognitive training for mild traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"11","author":"Samuelson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0100|cit100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e035527","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035527","article-title":"Promoting early treatment for mild traumatic brain injury in primary care with a guideline implementation tool: a pilot cluster randomised trial","volume":"10","author":"Silverberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0101|cit101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4444","article-title":"Telephone problem solving for service members with mild traumatic brain injury: a randomized, clinical trial","volume":"34","author":"Bell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0102|cit102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000440","article-title":"Pharmaco-fMRI in patients with traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial with the monoaminergic stabilizer (-)-OSU6162","volume":"34","author":"Berginstr\u00f6m","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0103|cit103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E46","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000236","article-title":"The effects of (-)-OSU6162 on chronic fatigue in patients with traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"32","author":"Berginstr\u00f6m","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0104|cit104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00520","article-title":"Phase 2 randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) during rehabilitation from traumatic brain injury","volume":"9","author":"Dubiel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0105|cit105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HTR.0000308721.77911.ea","article-title":"A randomized trial of modafinil for the treatment of fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness in individuals with chronic traumatic brain injury","volume":"23","author":"Jha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0106|cit106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.12968\/ijtr.2019.0093","article-title":"Managing fatigue after an acquired brain injury: a pilot randomised controlled trial and qualitative investigation","volume":"28","author":"Killington","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0107|cit107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4717","article-title":"Phase II clinical trial of atorvastatin in mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"34","author":"Robertson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0108|cit108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s12991-021-00355-1","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and mindfulness-based stress reduction on mental fatigue, quality of life and aggression in mild traumatic brain injury patients: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"20","author":"Shirvani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annals of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0109|cit109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968313508472","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of light therapy for fatigue following traumatic brain injury","volume":"28","author":"Sinclair","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0110|cit110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3109\/02699059409150986","article-title":"The use of cranial electrotherapy stimulation in the treatment of closed-head-injured patients","volume":"8","author":"Smith","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0111|cit111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617721000886","article-title":"The effect of aerobic exercise on concussion recovery: a pilot clinical trial","volume":"27","author":"Snyder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"issue":"jrm00181","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0112|cit112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-2823","article-title":"Effect of vestibular rehabilitation on change in health-related quality of life in patients with dizziness and balance problems after traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"53","author":"Soberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0113|cit113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215518791274","article-title":"The effects of vestibular rehabilitation on dizziness and balance problems in patients after traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Kleffelgaard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0114|cit114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.14215","article-title":"A randomized trial comparing prescribed light exercise to standard management for emergency department patients with acute mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"28","author":"Varner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Academic Emergency Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0115|cit115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E249","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000653","article-title":"Multidimensional psychoeducative and counseling intervention (SAAM) for symptomatic patients with mild traumatic brain injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Audrit","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0116|cit116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E404","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000861","article-title":"Effects of self-administered acupressure on fatigue following traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"38","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0117|cit117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-0995-1","article-title":"Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance following traumatic brain injury: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Grima","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0118|cit118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0316","article-title":"Efficacy of a fitness centre-based exercise programme compared with a home-based exercise programme in traumatic brain injury: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"41","author":"Hassett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0119|cit119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz149","article-title":"Stratifying drug treatment of cognitive impairments after traumatic brain injury using neuroimaging","volume":"142","author":"Jenkins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain: Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0120|cit120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2015.1004747","article-title":"Methylphenidate reduces mental fatigue and improves processing speed in persons suffered a traumatic brain injury","volume":"29","author":"Johansson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0121|cit121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2013.865267","article-title":"Evaluation of dosage, safety and effects of methylphenidate on post-traumatic brain injury symptoms with a focus on mental fatigue and pain","volume":"28","author":"Johansson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0122|cit122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-312838","article-title":"Randomised, waiting list controlled trial of cognitive-behavioural therapy for persistent postconcussional symptoms after predominantly mild-moderate traumatic brain injury","volume":"87","author":"Potter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0123|cit123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E78","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000500","article-title":"Blue-enriched white light therapy reduces fatigue in survivors of severe traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"35","author":"Quera Salva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0124|cit124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200106000-00005","article-title":"Flexy neurotherapy system in the treatment of traumatic brain injury: an initial evaluation","volume":"16","author":"Schoenberger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0125|cit125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2017.1280852","article-title":"Multidisciplinary outpatient treatment in patients with mild traumatic brain injury: a randomised controlled intervention study","volume":"31","author":"Vikane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0126|cit126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1080\/09602011.2019.1583582","article-title":"Can acceptance and commitment therapy facilitate psychological adjustment after a severe traumatic brain injury? A pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"30","author":"Whiting","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychological Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0127|cit127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1017\/BrImp.2012.28","article-title":"Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for psychological adjustment after traumatic brain injury: reporting the protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Whiting","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Impairment"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0128|cit128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-172396","article-title":"Flow experience enhances the effectiveness of attentional training: a pilot randomised controlled trial of patients with attention deficits after traumatic brain injury","volume":"43","author":"Yoshidaa","year":"2018","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0129|cit129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2013.01.0020","article-title":"Cognitive symptom management and rehabilitation therapy (CogSMART) for veterans with traumatic brain injury: pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"51","author":"Twamley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0130|cit130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2022.2033845","article-title":"Randomized trial of rTMS in traumatic brain injury: Improved subjective neurobehavioral symptoms and increases in EEG delta activity","volume":"36","author":"Franke","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0131|cit131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E35","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000278","article-title":"TBI and treatment response in a randomized trial of acceptance and commitment therapy","volume":"32","author":"Bomyea","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0132|cit132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000127","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of acceptance and commitment therapy for distress and impairment in OEF\/OIF\/OND veterans","volume":"9","author":"Lang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0133|cit133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.17110338","article-title":"Low-frequency right repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of depression after traumatic brain injury: a randomized sham-controlled pilot study","volume":"31","author":"Rao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0134|cit134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2021.1871952","article-title":"The effect of phototherapy on sleep during acute rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"35","author":"Bell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0135|cit135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215521998535","article-title":"An intervention to improve coping strategies in adult male prisoners with a history of traumatic brain injury: A pilot randomised clinical trial","volume":"35","author":"Mitchell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0136|cit136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5498","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41923-6","article-title":"A pilot randomised double-blind study of the tolerability and efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on persistent post-concussion syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Moussavi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0137|cit137","unstructured":"RTMS As a Treatment for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury 2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0138|cit138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2021.1873420","article-title":"DARE to move: feasibility study of a novel dancebasedrehabilitation method in severe traumaticbrain injury","volume":"35","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0139|cit139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13653","article-title":"MLC901 (NeuroAiD II\u2122) for cognition after traumatic brain injury: a pilot randomized clinical trial","volume":"25","author":"Theadom","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0140|cit140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.08.346","article-title":"A Randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of MLC901 (NEUROAID IITM) in adults following mild or moderate traumatic brain injury","volume":"381","author":"Theadom","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0141|cit141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1080\/09602011.2019.1575245","article-title":"Self-efficacy predicts response to cognitive rehabilitation in military service members with post-concussive symptoms","volume":"30","author":"Belanger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychological Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0142|cit142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617715000764","article-title":"Do old errors always lead to new truths? A randomized controlled trial of errorless goal management training in brain-injured patients","volume":"21","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0143|cit143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-151298","article-title":"Transfer effects of errorless Goal Management Training on cognitive function and quality of life in brain-injured persons","volume":"38","author":"DH &","year":"2016","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0144|cit144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e060188","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-060188","article-title":"Brain Oxygen Optimization in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (BOOST-3): a multicentre, randomised, blinded-endpoint, comparative effectiveness study of brain tissue oxygen and intracranial pressure monitoring versus intracranial pressure alone","volume":"12","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0145|cit145","unstructured":"Blaschke S Network-based functional neuroimaging in cognitive sequelae after concussive brain injury and cognitive training (KogNET-CBI) German Clinical Trials Register"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0146|cit146","unstructured":"B\u00f8dker RL The effect of creatine monohydrate on persistent post-concussive symptoms ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0147|cit147","unstructured":"Chua AE MLC901 in moderate traumatic brain injury (ANDROMEDA) ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0148|cit148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-021-02292-8","article-title":"Home-based light therapy for fatigue following acquired brain injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Connolly","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0149|cit149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00164","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation for post-concussion syndrome: study protocol for a randomized crossover trial","volume":"8","author":"Amorim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0150|cit150","unstructured":"Debert CT Growth hormore deficiency in mild traumatic brain injury ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0151|cit151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31308","DOI":"10.2196\/31308","article-title":"Treatment of persistent postconcussion syndrome with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation using functional near-infrared spectroscopy as a biomarker of response: Protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"11","author":"Du","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Research Protocols"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0152|cit152","unstructured":"Hennessy M Investigating the efficacy of positive psychology interventions in improving mental health outcomes after mild to moderate traumatic brain injury Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0153|cit153","unstructured":"Neuropsychological rehabilitation over the internet (IRENE) ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0154|cit154","unstructured":"Kalyani P Sildenafil for microvasculopathy in chronic TBI ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0155|cit155","unstructured":"King PR Problem-solving training for concussion (PST-Concussion) ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0156|cit156","unstructured":"Rehabilitation in post concussion syndrome (REPCon) ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0157|cit157","unstructured":"Lindel\u00f8v JK The effect of hypnotic suggestion after acquired brain injury or concussion ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0158|cit158","unstructured":"Mckay A Evaluation of an interdisciplinary intervention for persistent post-concussion symptoms in individuals who have experienced a mild traumatic brain injury Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0159|cit159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1186\/s40814-022-01153-6","article-title":"Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation for Concussion Recovery (i-RECOveR): protocol of an investigator-blinded, randomised, case series with multiple baseline design to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 12-week treatment for persistent post-concussion symptoms","volume":"8","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pilot and Feasibility Studies"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0160|cit160","unstructured":"O'Brien T A therapeutic intervention, open label study to compare the efficacy and safety of graded exercise compared to passive stretching in adults who have sustained a mild traumatic brain injury Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0161|cit161","unstructured":"Pedersen S Get going after concussion lite (GAIN lite) ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0162|cit162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e059167","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-059167","article-title":"Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigating Safety and efficAcy of MLC901 in post-traUmatic bRAin Injury: the SAMURAI study protocol","volume":"12","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0163|cit163","unstructured":"C & M Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for post-concussion syndrome: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0164|cit164","unstructured":"Ponsford J Efficacy of cognitive-behavioural therapy for sleep disturbance and fatigue following traumatic brain injury Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0165|cit165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e062527","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-062527","article-title":"Effectiveness of a guideline implementation tool for supporting management of mental health complications after mild traumatic brain injury in primary care: protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"12","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0166|cit166","unstructured":"Sullivan K ACTIVity and Exercise for TBI (ACTIVE-TBI): exercise intervention to reduce postconcussion symptoms in slow-to-recover mild traumatic brain injury patients Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0167|cit167","unstructured":"V & T Developing an evidence-base for preventing and treating delayed symptoms of concussion in children and adolescents: a randomised controlled clinical trial Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0168|cit168","unstructured":"Theadom A Following brain injury, can an online cognitive behavioural intervention in comparison to education improve sleep? Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0169|cit169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-023-03221-7","article-title":"Sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise for patients with persisting post-concussion symptoms and exercise intolerance after mild traumatic brain injury - a study protocol with a nested feasibility study for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"L-J","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0170|cit170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conctc.2023.101176","article-title":"Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy versus placebo for post-concussion syndrome(HOT-POCS): A randomized, double-blinded controlled pilot study","volume":"34","year":"2023","journal-title":"Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0171|cit171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285616682675","article-title":"Complementary and alternative interventions for fatigue management after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0172|cit172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0246172","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246172","article-title":"Blue-wavelength light therapy for post-traumatic brain injury sleepiness, sleep disturbance, depression, and fatigue: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Srisurapanont","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0173|cit173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3390\/clockssleep6020018","article-title":"Efficacy of morning shorter wavelength lighting in the visible (blue) range and broad-spectrum or blue-enriched bright white light in regulating sleep, mood, and fatigue in Traumatic Brain Injury: a systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Chow","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clocks & Sleep"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0174|cit174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011376.pub3","article-title":"Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour","author":"Day","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0175|cit175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011005.pub2","article-title":"Treatment of fatigue in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis\/motor neuron disease","author":"Gibbons","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0176|cit176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007030.pub3","article-title":"Interventions for post-stroke fatigue","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2-BIB0177|cit177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010925.pub2","article-title":"Interventions for fatigue in Parkinson's disease","author":"Elbers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T13:50:43Z","timestamp":1788443443000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD006448.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Central Editorial Service","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"references-count":177,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd006448.pub2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]}}}