{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T07:28:00Z","timestamp":1789802880447,"version":"4.0.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd008428","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,19]],"date-time":"2013-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1387411200000}}],"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd008428.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,19]],"date-time":"2013-12-19T15:25:24Z","timestamp":1387466724000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Vitamin A and fish oils for retinitis pigmentosa"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Sobharani","family":"Rayapudi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Department of Epidemiology; 615 N. Wolfe Street Baltimore Maryland USA 21205"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen G","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bascom Palmer Eye Institute; Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Department of Epidemiology; 615 N. Wolfe Street Baltimore Maryland USA 21205"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Chavis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of South Carolina; Department of Ophthalmology; 167 Ashley Avenue Charleston South Carolina USA 29425"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1993.01090060049022","article-title":"A randomized trial of vitamin A and vitamin E supplementation for retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"111","author":"Berson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.122.9.1297","article-title":"Clinical trial of Docosahexaenoic acid in patients with retinitis pigmentosa receiving vitamin A treatment","volume":"122","author":"Berson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.122.9.1306","article-title":"Further evaluation of docosahexaenoic acid inpatients with retinitis pigmentosa receiving vitamin A treatment: subgroup analyses","volume":"122","author":"Berson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","first-page":"704","article-title":"A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation for X-linked retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"137","author":"Hoffman","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-5010-9_17","article-title":"A therapeutic trial of vitamin A in patients with pigmentary retinal degenerations: a negative study","volume":"77","author":"Bergsma","year":"1977","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.32","article-title":"Clinical trial of lutein in patients with retinitis pigmentosa receiving vitamin A","volume":"128","author":"Berson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","first-page":"147","article-title":"Lutein improves visual function in some patients with retinal degeneration: a pilot study via the Internet","volume":"71","author":"Dagnelie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Optometry"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02343043","article-title":"Serum retinoids in retinitis pigmentosa patients treated with vitamin A","volume":"234","author":"Fex","year":"1996","journal-title":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.4.656","article-title":"Safety of <7500 RE (<25000 IU) vitamin A daily in adults with retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"69","author":"Sibulesky","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","first-page":"33","article-title":"Use of vitamin A in retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"29","author":"Tcherkes","year":"1950","journal-title":"Vjestnik Oftalmologyi"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.9.1269","article-title":"Biological safety assessment of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in a randomized clinical trial for X-linked retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"121","author":"Wheaton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(89)90493-5","article-title":"Threshold equivalence between perimeters","volume":"107","author":"Anderson","year":"1989","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1969.00990010209011","article-title":"Temporal aspects of the electroretinogram","volume":"81","author":"Berson","year":"1969","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-198202040-00009","article-title":"Nutrition and retinal degenerations: Vitamin A, taurine, ornithine, and phytanic acid","volume":"2","author":"Besron","year":"1982","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(85)90351-4","article-title":"Natural course of retinitis pigmentosa over a three-year interval","volume":"99","author":"Berson","year":"1985","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.122.9.1306","article-title":"Further evaluation of docosahexaenoic acid in patients with retinitis pigmentosa receiving vitamin A treatment: subgroup analyses","volume":"122","author":"Berson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"Suppl 8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S52","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-200512001-00023","article-title":"A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation for X-linked retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"25","author":"Birch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borly L Wille-Jorgensen P Rasmussen MS Andersen BR Problems with retrieving original data: is it a selection bias? 9th Annual Cochrane Colloquium; 2001 Oct 9-13; Lyon, France 2001","DOI":"10.1186\/2048-4623-1-S3-PC146"},{"issue":"34","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20507","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.34.20507","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid modulates the interactions of the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein with 11-cis-retinal","volume":"271","author":"Chen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.2.151","article-title":"Perspective on genes and mutations causing retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"125","author":"Daiger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.46.5.587","article-title":"The biological function of vitamin A acid","volume":"46","author":"Dowling","year":"1960","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-200112000-00012","article-title":"Retrospective longitudinal study of visual acuity change in patients with retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"21","author":"Flynn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","first-page":"130","article-title":"How to identify randomized controlled trials in MEDLINE: ten years on","volume":"94","author":"Glanville","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the Medical Library Association"},{"issue":"9549","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69740-7","article-title":"Retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"368","author":"Hartong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Altman DG (editors) Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Deeks JJ Altman DG (editors) Chapter 16: Special topics in statistics. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on eye health","volume":"117","author":"Hodge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Evidence Report:Technology Assessment (Summary)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(96)30679-9","article-title":"Rates of change differ among measures of visual function in patients with retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"103","author":"Holopigian","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.46","article-title":"How strong is the evidence that nutritional supplements slow the progression of retinitis pigmentosa?","volume":"128","author":"Massof","year":"2010","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1993.01090110018003","article-title":"A randomized trial of vitamin A and vitamin E supplementation for retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"111","author":"Norton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6703077","article-title":"Optical coherence tomographic pattern and focal electroretinogram in patients with retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"23","author":"Oishi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","unstructured":"The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager (RevMan) Version 5.2 2012"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4748","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0404","article-title":"Retinal nerve fiber layer defects in RP patients","volume":"48","author":"Walia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.07.024","article-title":"Ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography assessment of photoreceptors in retinitis pigmentosa and related diseases","volume":"142","author":"Witkin","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428","article-title":"Vitamin A and fish oils for retinitis pigmentosa","author":"Rayapudi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd008428.pub3","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592870400000}}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T22:20:15Z","timestamp":1628547615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,19]]},"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd008428.pub2","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008428.pub3","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,19]]}}}