{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:14:59Z","timestamp":1792080899180,"version":"4.4.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd009151","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641772800000}}],"reference-count":118,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd009151.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T06:27:04Z","timestamp":1641796024000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Georga","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Primary Care Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathy","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Deckx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Primary Care Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Pirotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bond University Medical Program, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine; Centre for Research in Evidence-Based Practice (CREBP); Gold Coast Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mieke L","family":"van Driel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Primary Care Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","first-page":"307","article-title":"Effectiveness of fluconazole for suppressive maintenance therapy in patients with RVVC: a randomized placebo-controlled study","volume":"8","author":"Bolouri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","first-page":"875","article-title":"Prophylactic strategies in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a 2-year study testing a phytonutrient vs itraconazole","volume":"27","author":"Chopra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","first-page":"51","article-title":"Candida albicans specific immune responses in patients with recurrent chronic vaginitis treated with an anti-candida food regimen (ACFR) or an hyposensitization treatment (HPT)","volume":"43","author":"Corthay","year":"1988","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e85","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2011.02102.x","article-title":"Use of Dermasilk briefs in recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis: safety and effectiveness","volume":"55","author":"D'Antuono","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","first-page":"697","article-title":"Dermasilk\u00ae briefs in recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis. An alternative option in long-lasting disease","volume":"65","author":"D'Antuono","year":"2013","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecologica"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-014-9827-4","article-title":"Vaginal nystatin versus oral fluconazole for the treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"179","author":"Fan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","first-page":"17","article-title":"Vaginal azoles versus oral fluconazole in treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"2","author":"Fardyazar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","first-page":"663","article-title":"Long term vaginal azoles versus prophylactic oral fluconazole in treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"2","author":"Fardyazar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Research Journal of Biological Sciences"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","first-page":"374","article-title":"The value of chronic suppressive therapy with itraconazole versus clotrimazole in women with recurrent vaginal candidiasis","volume":"68","author":"Fong","year":"1992","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","first-page":"174","article-title":"The value of treating the sexual partners of women with recurrent vaginal candidiasis with ketoconazole","volume":"68","author":"Fong","year":"1992","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","first-page":"124","article-title":"The value of prophylactic (monthly) clotrimazole versus empiric self-treatment in recurrent vaginal candidiasis","volume":"70","author":"Fong","year":"1994","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","first-page":"543","article-title":"Protective effect of an oral natural phytonutrient in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a 12-month study","volume":"25","author":"Kumari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Regulators & Homeostatic Agents"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","first-page":"1511","article-title":"Influence of nursing intervention on recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis patients treated with ATP-infrared bio-effect technique","volume":"47","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","first-page":"366","article-title":"Treatment of recurring vulvo-vaginal candidiasis: a comparative prospective study during six months of three anti-mycotic preparations of a single dosis","volume":"27","author":"Lopez-Olmos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clinica e Investigacion en Ginecologia y Obstetricia"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","first-page":"767","article-title":"Vaccination with inactivated lactobacilli or heliotherapy can improve the quality-of-life of women with chronic recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis a prospective randomized study","volume":"71","author":"Mendling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","first-page":"340","article-title":"Lactobacillus acidophilus, strain NAS (H2O2 positive), in reduction of recurrent candidal vulvovaginitis","volume":"3","author":"Metts","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","first-page":"357","article-title":"Intermittent prophylactic treatment of recurrent vaginal candidiasis by postmenstrual application of a 500 mg clotrimazole vaginal tablet","volume":"66","author":"Roth","year":"1990","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","first-page":"281","article-title":"Management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) with ketoconazole (K) prophylaxis [abstract]","volume":"237 Suppl","author":"Sobel","year":"1985","journal-title":"Archives of Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","first-page":"435","article-title":"Management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis with intermittent ketoconazole prophylaxis","volume":"65","author":"Sobel","year":"1985","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198612043152305","article-title":"Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. A prospective study of the efficacy of maintenance ketoconazole therapy","volume":"315","author":"Sobel","year":"1986","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","first-page":"330","article-title":"Clotrimazole treatment of recurrent and chronic candida vulvovaginitis","volume":"73","author":"Sobel","year":"1989","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa033114","article-title":"Maintenance fluconazole therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"351","author":"Sobel","year":"2004","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2005.01099.x","article-title":"Itraconazole in the treatment of acute and recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis: comparison of a 1-day and a 3-day regimen","volume":"48","author":"Spacek","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","first-page":"83","article-title":"Managing recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Intermittent prevention with itraconazole","volume":"42","author":"Spinillo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Reproductive Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ogx.0000367513.03170.41","article-title":"Monthly itraconazole versus classic homeopathy for the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a randomized trial","volume":"65","author":"Witt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02262.x","article-title":"Monthly itraconazole versus classic homeopathy for the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a randomised trial","volume":"116","author":"Witt","year":"2009","journal-title":"British Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","first-page":"S103","article-title":"The comparative study of anti-fungal effect of pharmaceutical products containing hydroalcoholic extract of Echinophora platyloba DC and fluconazole in women with chronic recurrent vaginitis caused by candida albicans","volume":"17","author":"Avijgan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"114","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","first-page":"40","article-title":"The Effect of Vaginal Probiotic Capsule On Vaginal Colonization and Treatment Results inPatients with Vulvar and Vaginal Candidiasis","volume":"26","author":"Azima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","unstructured":"Bartz BR Efficacy of zinc supplementation in reducing the incidence of recurrent vaginitis ProQuest Dissertations and Theses 2000 64"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.09.016","article-title":"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of VT-1161, a potent, highly selective inhibitor of fungal CYP51, in treating women with a documented history of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC)","volume":"215","author":"Brand","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brand SR Degenhardt TP Person K Sobel JD Nyiriesy P Schotzinger RJ Tavakkol A A phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of orally administered VT-1161 in the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018 218 6 1e.1 1e.9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.03.001"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.08.084","article-title":"Results from a phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose ranging study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of VT 1161 oral tablets in the treatment of patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"217","author":"Sobel","year":"2017","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","first-page":"335","article-title":"Intermittent local prophylaxis against recurrent vaginal candidosis","volume":"64","author":"Bushell","year":"1988","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1988.tb40451.x","article-title":"Prophylactic use of clotrimazole in recurrent vaginal candidosis","volume":"544","author":"Bushell","year":"1988","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2006.02.028","article-title":"Fluconazole versus 3-day clotrimazole in the treatment of sporadic and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"95","author":"Coric","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynaecology & Obstetrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","first-page":"176","article-title":"Recurrent genital candidosis in women and the effect of intermittent prophylactic treatment","volume":"54","author":"Davidson","year":"1978","journal-title":"British Journal of Venereal Diseases"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","first-page":"431","article-title":"Comparative study of fluconazole and clotrimazole for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"7","author":"Diba","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Sexual Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.06.029","article-title":"Individualized decreasing-dose maintenance fluconazole regimen for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (ReCiDiF trial)","volume":"199","author":"Donders","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy185","article-title":"A Fungal Immunotherapeutic Vaccine (NDV-3A) for Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis-A Phase 2 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"66","author":"Schwartz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.09.019","article-title":"NDV-3A vaccine reduces the frequency of vaginitis in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"215","author":"Nyirjesy","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","first-page":"532","article-title":"Study on classification and treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"40","author":"Fan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chung-Hua Fu Chan Ko Tsa Chih [Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","first-page":"44","article-title":"Lack of in vitro resistance of Candida albicans to ketoconazole, itraconazole and clotrimazole in women treated for recurrent vaginal candidiasis","volume":"69","author":"Fong","year":"1993","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03259423","article-title":"Itraconazole plasma and vaginal mucosal levels in patients with chronic vaginal candidosis treated with itraconazole 200mg once-daily for 3 consecutive days","volume":"6","author":"Gorlero","year":"1993","journal-title":"Drug Investigation"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-5-353","article-title":"Ingestion of yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus as prophylaxis for candidal vaginitis","volume":"116","author":"Hilton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","first-page":"22","volume-title":"International Congress and Symposium Series","volume":"160","author":"Houang","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","first-page":"582","article-title":"A single-blind comparison of oral and intravaginal treatments in acute and recurrent vaginal candidosis in general practice","volume":"3","author":"Miller","year":"1984","journal-title":"Pharmatherapeutica"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","first-page":"137","article-title":"A study of candidosis: the role of fomites","volume":"67","author":"Rashid","year":"1991","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.5.10.593","article-title":"Ingestion of yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus compared with pasteurized yogurt as prophylaxis for recurrent candidal vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis","volume":"5","author":"Shalev","year":"1996","journal-title":"Archives of Family Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(71)90785-X","article-title":"Oxytetracycline-nystatin in the prevention of candidal vaginitis","volume":"111","author":"Silverman","year":"1971","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","first-page":"517","article-title":"Initial management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis with oral ketoconazole and topical clotrimazole","volume":"39","author":"Sobel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Reproductive Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.115116","article-title":"Treatment of complicated Candida vaginitis: comparison of single and sequential doses of fluconazole","volume":"185","author":"Sobel","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_201801_14128","article-title":"New evidence on oral L. plantarum P17630 product in women with history of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC): a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study","volume":"22","author":"Vladareanu","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","first-page":"235","article-title":"Itraconazole maintaining therapy in prevention recurrent vulva-vaginal candidiasis (Chinese)","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Leprosy and Skin Disease"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","unstructured":"A randomized, double-blinded study investigating the safety and efficacy of daily low-dose oral fluconazole versus weekly fluconazole in patients with chronic vulvovaginal candidiasis https:\/\/www.anzctr.org.au\/Trial\/Registration\/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12614001258640"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","unstructured":"Multi-center clinical study on JUC Spray Dressing under the patent technology \"Physical Antimicrobial Film\" in preventing the recurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.aspx?proj=10772"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0056|cit56","unstructured":"The clinical research of Chinese herb XiangLian Suppository in the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.aspx?proj=8703"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0057|cit57","unstructured":"Study for measuring vaginal interleukins in patients with cervical neoplasia (CIN 1-3) or chronic vaginal candidiasis with phenyl-4-butyrate https:\/\/www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/trial\/2010-021502-38\/DE"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0058|cit58","unstructured":"Activities of Metronidazole + Clotrimazole in the treatment and prophylaxis of recurrent vaginal infections recurrent Candida albicans and Candida albicans spp non albicans https:\/\/www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2011-004718-40"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0059|cit59","unstructured":"Study of the efficacy and safety of treatment with total freeze-dried culture of Lcr Regenerans\u00ae administered intravaginally in the prevention of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.International, randomized, phase III, multi-centre, 2-arm, parallel group, double-blind, placebo-controlled superiority trial. https:\/\/www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/trial\/2013-002480-26\/PL"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0060|cit60","unstructured":"Use of Oral Probiotics as an Adjunctive Therapy to Fluconazole in the Treatment of Yeast Vaginitis http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT00479947"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0061|cit61","unstructured":"Prevention of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis With Lactibiane Candisis 5M\u00ae https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00915629"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0062|cit62","unstructured":"Study of the Efficacy and Tolerance of Intra-vaginal Treatment With a Total Freeze-dried Culture of Lcr Regenerans\u00ae in the Prevention of Relapses of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02251093"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0063|cit63","unstructured":"Comparison of clinical response to vaginal cream zataria multiflora and boric acid in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis http:\/\/en.irct.ir\/trial\/11581"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0064|cit64","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of clinical response to Zatariamultiflora vaginal cream and boric acid inpatients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"102","author":"Rabiee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scientific-ResearchJournal of Shahed University"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0065|cit65","unstructured":"Effectiveness of therapeutic exercise applied to the pelvic floor muscles to prevent recurrence of Vulvovaginitis and improve female sexuality: randomized clinical trial http:\/\/www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br\/rg\/RBR-892mp4\/"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328-335","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12883","article-title":"Randomised clinical trial in women with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Efficacy of probiotics and lactoferrin as maintenance treatment","volume":"62","author":"Russo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0067|cit67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.2298\/SARH1208469Z","article-title":"Efficiency of Fenticonazole for the Treatment of Vaginal Candidiasis","volume":"140","author":"Zivaljevic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Srpski Arhiv Za Celokupno Lekarstvo"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0068|cit68","unstructured":"A phase IIb\/III, parallel-arm, randomized, active-controlled, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, non-inferiority study in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis to compare the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of topically administered ProF-001 (Candiplus\u00ae) to oral fluconazole ICTRP https:\/\/trialsearch.who.int\/?TrialID=EUCTR2019-000925-27-SK"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0069|cit69","unstructured":"A Phase IIb\/III Study of Prof-001 for the Treatment of Patients With Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (RVVC) clinicaltrials.gov https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04734405"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0070|cit70","unstructured":"A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ibrexafungerp (SCY-078) Compared to Placebo in Subjects With Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) ClinicalTrials.gov https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04029116"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0071|cit71","unstructured":"A Randomized Comparison of Boric Acid Versus Terconazole in Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ClinicalTrials.gov https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04208555"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0072|cit72","unstructured":"NCT04292704 clinicaltrials.gov https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/record\/NCT04292704"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0073|cit73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000140687.51048.73","article-title":"Vaginal yeast colonization in nonpregnant women: a longitudinal study","volume":"104","author":"Beigi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0074|cit74","unstructured":"Vulvovaginal candidiasis Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines 2015 https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/tg2015\/candidiasis.htm"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0075|cit75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/713683045","article-title":"\"You don't really feel you can function normally\": women's perceptions and personal management of vaginal thrush\"","volume":"18","author":"Chapple","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0076|cit76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01313.x","article-title":"Antifungal agents","volume":"187","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Australia"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0077|cit77","unstructured":"Deeks JJ Higgins JPT Altman DG Chapter 9: Analysing data and undertaking metaanalyses. In: Higgins JPT, Churchill R, Chandler J, Cumpston MS, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.2.0 (updated June 2017). Cochrane, 2017 Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0078|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e339","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30103-8","article-title":"Global burden of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a systematic review","volume":"August 2","author":"Denning","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0079|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1080\/01674820601168176","article-title":"Perceived stress in women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"28","author":"Ehrstrom","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0080|cit80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl246","article-title":"Probiotics for prevention of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: A review","volume":"58","author":"Falagas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"},{"issue":"4-5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0081|cit81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2494(98)80760-8","article-title":"Protective immunity in experimental Candida vaginitis","volume":"149","author":"Fidel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Research in Immunology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0082|cit82","unstructured":"McMaster University (developed by Evidence Prime) GRADEpro GDT 2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0083|cit83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.111938","article-title":"Efficacy of maintenance therapy with topical boric acid in comparison with oral itraconazole in the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"184","author":"Guaschino","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0084|cit84","volume-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration","author":"Higgins","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0085|cit85","first-page":"0815","article-title":"Candidiasis (vulvovaginal)","volume":"3","author":"Lopez","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Clin Evid"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0086|cit86","first-page":"s81","article-title":"Chronic vulvovaginal candidosis: the role of oral treatment","volume":"71","author":"Merkus","year":"1990","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0087|cit87","first-page":"431","article-title":"Depomedroxyprogesterone-induced hypoestrogenism and changes in vaginal flora and epithelium","volume":"96","author":"Miller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0088|cit88","first-page":"305","article-title":"Candida albicans allergen immunotherapy in recurrent vaginal candidiasis","volume":"10","author":"Moraes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0089|cit89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002845.pub2","article-title":"Oral versus intra-vaginal imidazole and triazole anti-fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush)","author":"Nurbhai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0090|cit90","first-page":"697","article-title":"Chronic vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"63","author":"Nyirjesy","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0091|cit91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2008.05.002","article-title":"Vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis","volume":"22","author":"Nyirjesy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infectious Disease Clinics of North America"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0092|cit92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(03)00117-3","article-title":"Antifungal agents: mechanisms of action","volume":"11","author":"Odds","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends in Microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0093|cit93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ933","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"62","author":"Pappas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0094|cit94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.11.027","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in women receiving maintenance antifungal therapy: results of a prospective cohort study","volume":"190","author":"Patel","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0095|cit95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003965","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003965","article-title":"Candida Vaginitis: When opportunism knocks, the host responds","volume":"10","author":"Peters","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS Pathogens"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0096|cit96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2003.tb05418.x","article-title":"\"Not thrush again!\" Women's experience of post-antibiotic vulvovaginitis","volume":"179","author":"Pirotta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Australia"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0097|cit97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38210.494977.DE","article-title":"The effect of lactobacillus in preventing post-antibiotic vulvovaginal candidiasis: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"329","author":"Pirotta","year":"2004","journal-title":"British Medical Journal."},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0098|cit98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2014.06.017","article-title":"A systematic review of the effect of daily panty liner use on the vulvovaginal environment","volume":"127","author":"Pontes","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0099|cit99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6874-14-43","article-title":"Highly-cited estimates of the cumulative incidence and recurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis are inadequately documented","volume":"14","author":"Rathod","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Women's Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0100|cit100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008739.pub2","article-title":"Interventions for prevention and treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in women with HIV infection","author":"Ray","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0101|cit101","unstructured":"Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager 5 (RevMan 5) 2014"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0102|cit102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2012.12.001","article-title":"Weekly fluconazole therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"167","author":"Rosa","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0103|cit103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.03.021","article-title":"Reduced fluconazole susceptibility of Candida albicans isolates in women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: effects of long-term fluconazole therapy","volume":"64","author":"Shahid","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0104|cit104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)91490-0","article-title":"Single oral dose fluconazole compared with conventional clotrimazole topical therapy of candida-vaginitis","volume":"172","author":"Sobel","year":"1995","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0105|cit105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa033114","article-title":"Maintenance fluconazole therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"351","author":"Sobel","year":"2004","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0106|cit106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-006-0023-7","article-title":"Management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: unresolved issues","volume":"8","author":"Sobel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Current Infectious Disease Reports"},{"issue":"9577","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0107|cit107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60917-9","article-title":"Vulvovaginal candidosis","volume":"369","author":"Sobel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0108|cit108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S8984","article-title":"Factors involved in patient choice of oral or vaginal treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"8","author":"Sobel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Patient Preference and Adherence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0109|cit109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.06.067","article-title":"Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"214","author":"Sobel","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0110|cit110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.1.89","article-title":"Placebo-controlled trial of itraconazole for the treatment of acute vaginal candidiasis","volume":"37","author":"Stein","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0111|cit111","volume-title":"eTG: Antibiotic","year":"2015"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0112|cit112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OGX.0000068791.04785.8D","article-title":"Common complementary and alternative therapies for yeast vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis: A systematic review","volume":"58","author":"Van Kessel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0113|cit113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01142.x","article-title":"Oral versus intra-vaginal imidazole and triazole anti-fungal agents for the treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush): a systematic review","volume":"109","author":"Watson","year":"2002","journal-title":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0114|cit114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2007.00736.x","article-title":"Comprehensive review of conventional and non-conventional methods of management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"47","author":"Watson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0115|cit115","first-page":"149","article-title":"Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis - current management","volume":"40","author":"Watson","journal-title":"Australian Family Physician"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0116|cit116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1997.tb00230.x","article-title":"Fluconazole: comparison of pharmacokinetics, therapy and in vitro susceptibility","volume":"40","author":"Wildfeuer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0117|cit117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010496.pub2","article-title":"Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non-pregnant women","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2-BIB0118|cit118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000225","article-title":"Topical treatment for vaginal candidiasis (thrush) in pregnancy","author":"Young","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,5]],"date-time":"2023-03-05T03:18:27Z","timestamp":1677986307000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD009151.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane STI Group","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]]},"references-count":118,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd009151.pub2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]]}}}