{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:09:38Z","timestamp":1792177778674,"version":"4.4.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd009472.pub3","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]],"date-time":"2019-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566864000000}}],"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd009472.pub4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]],"date-time":"2019-08-27T11:56:36Z","timestamp":1566906996000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sulthiame add-on therapy for epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Bresnahan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; Lower Lane Liverpool UK L9 7LJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsty J","family":"Martin-McGill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; Lower Lane Liverpool UK L9 7LJ"},{"name":"University of Chester; Department of Clinical Sciences and Nutrition; Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences Chester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Milburn-McNulty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust; Lower Lane Fazakerley Liverpool UK L9 7LJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Powell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust; Lower Lane Fazakerley Liverpool UK L9 7LJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graeme J","family":"Sills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Glasgow; School of Life Sciences; Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony G","family":"Marson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; Lower Lane Liverpool UK L9 7LJ"},{"name":"The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust; Lower Lane Fazakerley Liverpool UK L9 7LJ"},{"name":"Liverpool Health Partners; Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.19003.x","article-title":"Sulthiame in the primary therapy of West syndrome: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled add-on trial on baseline pyridoxine medication","volume":"45","author":"Debus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0002|cit2","first-page":"59","article-title":"The risk of second seizure in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes without treatment - a prospective study","volume":"59","author":"Basnec","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Medica Croatica"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2003.51001.x","article-title":"The influence of sulthiame on EEG in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTs)","volume":"44","author":"Bast","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2013.03.014","article-title":"Levetiracetam vs. sulthiame in benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes in childhood: a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial (German HEAD Study)","volume":"17","author":"Borggraefe","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Journal of Paediatric Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0005|cit5","first-page":"278","article-title":"A double-blinded, randomized evaluation of neuropsychological and behavioral changes in children with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes treated either with levetiracetam or sulthiame","volume":"15","author":"Borggraefe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Currents"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0006|cit6","unstructured":"ISRCTN97864911 HEAD-to-head evaluation of the antiepileptic drugs, levetiracetam versus sulthiame in a German multicentre, double-blind, controlled trial in children with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes apps.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial.aspx?TrialID=ISRCTN97864911 10.1186\/ISRCTN97864911"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0009|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97, Abstract n","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2017.04.733","article-title":"EEG changes in rolandic epilepsy under treatment with Levetiracetam and Sulthiame","volume":"21","author":"Tacke","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Journal of Paediatric Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0007|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2018.01.015","article-title":"Effects of Levetiracetam and Sulthiame on EEG in benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"56","author":"Tacke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0008|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2016.07.015","article-title":"Effect of anticonvulsive treatment on neuropsychological performance in children with BECTS","volume":"20","author":"Tacke","year":"2016","journal-title":"European Journal of Paediatric Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.110.465.261","article-title":"Ospolot - a clinical trial of a new anticonvulsant","volume":"110","author":"Griffiths","year":"1964","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0011|cit11","first-page":"313","article-title":"Clinical trial of Ospolot in epilepsy","volume":"5","author":"Ingram","year":"1963","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0012|cit12","unstructured":"ISRCTN66730162 Investigating the relationship between sleep disturbance and learning in children with benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes (BECCTS): a randomised double blind placebo controlled crossover trial http:\/\/apps.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial.aspx?TrialID=ISRCTN66730162"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0013|cit13","unstructured":"ISRCTN66730162 Sleep and learning in children with a benign focal epilepsy of childhood www.isrctn.com\/ISRCTN66730162 10.1186\/ISRCTN66730162"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0014|cit14","first-page":"345","article-title":"A randomized controlled multicenter clinical study on sulthiame in the treatment of GTCS","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0015|cit15","first-page":"259","article-title":"Ospolot (sulthiame) in epilepsy","volume":"28","author":"Livingston","year":"1967","journal-title":"Diseases of the Nervous System"},{"issue":"541","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.117.541.673","article-title":"The use of sulthiame with disturbed mentally subnormal patients","volume":"117","author":"Moffatt","year":"1970","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"(Suppl 2)","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0018|cit17","first-page":"163","article-title":"Sulthiame vs placebo in the treatment of benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (\"Rolandic\" Epilepsy)","volume":"40","author":"Rating","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0017|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb04606.x","article-title":"Sulthiame as monotherapy in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: a 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"41","author":"Rating","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"(Suppl 3)","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0019|cit19","first-page":"123","article-title":"Reduction of motor cortex excitability by the anticonvulsant drug sulthiame: a TMS study","volume":"47","author":"Groppa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2006.07.001","article-title":"A single dose of sulthiame induces a selective increase in resting motor threshold in human motor cortex: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study","volume":"72","author":"Siniatchkin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsy Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0021|cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200x.2004.01954.x","article-title":"Sulthiame in childhood epilepsy","volume":"46","author":"Ben-Zeev","year":"2004","journal-title":"Paediatrics International"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199601183340308","article-title":"Antiepileptic drugs","volume":"334","author":"Brodie","year":"1996","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2018.09.019","article-title":"Sulthiame add-on therapy in children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a study of 44 patients","volume":"62","author":"Caraballo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-007-2302-4","article-title":"Treatment of epilepsy with third-line antiepileptic drugs. Felbamate, tiagabine, and sulthiame","volume":"78","author":"Chahem","year":"2007","journal-title":"Der Nervenarzt"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-39606","article-title":"Treatment with sulthiame (Ospolot) in benign partial epilepsy of childhood and related syndromes: an open clinical and EEG study","volume":"34","author":"Engler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2004.09.001","article-title":"Effect of antiepileptic drug polytherapy on crystalluria","volume":"32","author":"Go","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatric Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0027|cit27","unstructured":"McMaster University (developed by Evidence Prime, Inc) GRADEpro GDT 2015"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1007\/s001120170041","article-title":"Current treatment strategies for seizures and in epilepsy in children","volume":"149","author":"Gross-Selbeck","year":"2001","journal-title":"Monatsschrift fur Kinderheilkunde"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0029|cit29","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from handbook.cochrane.org"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1991.tb05246.x","article-title":"A retrospective study of spontaneous remission and long term outcome in patients with infantile spasms","volume":"32","author":"Hrachovy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1997.tb01148.x","article-title":"ILAE Commission Report. The epidemiology of the epilepsies: future directions","volume":"38","author":"International League Against Epilepsy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(02)00054-2","article-title":"Sulthiame in adults with refractory epilepsy and learning disability: an open trial","volume":"50","author":"Koepp","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsy Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02397.x","article-title":"Definition of drug resistant epilepsy: Consensus proposal by the ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE Commission on Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"51","author":"Kwan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0034|cit34","unstructured":"Lefebvre C Manheimer E Glanville J Chapter 6: Searching for studies. In: Higgins JPT, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011).The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from handbook.cochrane.org"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.32601.x","article-title":"Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor sulthiame reduces intracellular pH and epileptiform activity of hippocampal CA3 neurons","volume":"43","author":"Leniger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0036|cit36","first-page":"17","article-title":"Sulthiame treatment for patients with intractable epilepsy","volume":"41","author":"Miyajima","year":"2009","journal-title":"No To Hattatsu"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0037|cit37","unstructured":"Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager 5 (RevMan 5) 2014"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1993.tb02126.x","article-title":"Some aspects of prognosis in the epilepsies: a review","volume":"34","author":"Sander","year":"1993","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-199503030-00005","article-title":"Monotherapy versus polytherapy in epilepsy: a reappraisal","volume":"3","author":"Schmidt","year":"1995","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0040|cit40","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann H Bro\u017cek J Guyatt G Oxman A editor(s) Handbook for grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations using the GRADE approach (updated October 2013). GRADE Working Group, 2013 Available from gdt.guidelinedevelopment.org\/app\/handbook\/handbook.html"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0041|cit41","unstructured":"Sterne JAC Egger M Moher D Chapter 10: Addressing reporting biases. In: Higgins JPT, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from handbook.cochrane.org"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2011.08.006","article-title":"Sulthiame in refractory paediatric epilepsies: an experience of an 'old' antiepileptic drug in a tertiary paediatric neurology unit","volume":"20","author":"Swiderska","year":"2011","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e3181f39b4b","article-title":"Respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis in a child treated with sulthiame","volume":"26","author":"Weissbach","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatric Emergency Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0044|cit44","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) Epilepsy www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/epilepsy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073807307082","article-title":"Deterioration in cognitive function in children with benign epilepsy of childhood with central temporal spikes treated with sulthiame","volume":"23","author":"Wirrel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Child Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472","article-title":"Sulthiame add-on therapy for epilepsy","author":"Milburn-McNulty","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub2","article-title":"Sulthiame add-on therapy for epilepsy","author":"Milburn-McNulty","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub3","article-title":"Sulthiame add-on therapy for epilepsy","author":"Milburn-McNulty","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cochranelibrary.com\/cdsr\/doi\/10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4\/epdf\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T07:31:48Z","timestamp":1641540708000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD009472.pub4"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Epilepsy Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd009472.pub4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]]}}}