{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:43:41Z","timestamp":1792291421661,"version":"4.4.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd010637.pub2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000}}],"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd010637.pub3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T11:33:30Z","timestamp":1686742410000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Physical exercise for the treatment of non-ulcerated chronic venous insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2023","author":[{"given":"Diego N","family":"Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine; Federal University of Alagoas; Arapiraca Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cibele TD","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology; Federal University of Paran\u00e1; Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro CC","family":"Maciel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selma S","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme AF","family":"Fregonezi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal Brazil"},{"name":"PneumoCardioVascular Lab; Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Brazilian Company of Hospital Services (EBSERH); Natal Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando AL","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology; Federal University of Paran\u00e1; Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2022.04.012","article-title":"Effects of inspiratory muscle training versus calf muscle training on quality of life, pain, venous function and activity in patients with chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"10","author":"Aydin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0002|cit2","unstructured":"Inspiratory muscle training versus calf muscle on venous function clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04215133"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0003|cit3","first-page":"198","article-title":"Physical therapy improves venous haemodynamics in cases of primary varicosity: results of a controlled study","volume":"58","author":"Hartmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979704800209","article-title":"Physical therapy improves venous hemodynamics in cases of primary varicosity: results of a controlled study","volume":"48","author":"Hartmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.100248","article-title":"Six-month exercise training program to treat post-thrombotic syndrome: a randomized controlled two-centre trial","volume":"183","author":"Kahn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2009.03.002","article-title":"Exercise training improves cutaneous microvascular endothelial function in post-surgical varicose vein patients","volume":"78","author":"Klonizakis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microvascular Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2003.09.036","article-title":"Structured exercise improves calf muscle pump function in chronic venous insufficiency: a randomized trial","volume":"39","author":"Johnston","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery"},{"issue":"163","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2008.07.075","article-title":"Randomized trial of balneotherapy associated with patient education in patients with advanced chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"49","author":"Carpentier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2014.03.581","article-title":"Thermes and veines: a multicenter randomized controlled trial evaluating balneotherapy in patients with advanced chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"57","author":"Carpentier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.08.002","article-title":"A multicenter randomized controlled trial evaluation balneotherapy in patients with advanced chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"59","author":"Carpentier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0011|cit11","unstructured":"Effect of yoga and naturopathy on abnormally dilated veins of legs trialsearch.who.int\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=CTRI\/2018\/10\/015895"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1024\/0301-1526\/a000374","article-title":"Balneohydrotherapy in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"43","author":"Forestier","year":"2014","journal-title":"VASA"},{"issue":"Suplementum","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0013|cit13","first-page":"225","article-title":"Effect of several weeks of functional venous training in venous insufficiency: results of a controlled study","volume":"33","author":"Hartmann","year":"1991","journal-title":"VASA"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3767","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020002096","article-title":"Physical activity in children at risk of postthrombotic sequelae: a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"4","author":"Hasan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Advances"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13252","article-title":"Participant experiences in a feasibility trial of supervised exercise training in adults with venous leg ulcers: a qualitative study","volume":"16","author":"Kesterton","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Wound Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0016|cit16","first-page":"S8","article-title":"Clinical improvement in patients with chronic venous incompetence (CVI) by an intensified 6 weeks lasting physical exercise training","volume":"19","author":"Klyscz","year":"1998","journal-title":"International Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0017|cit17","first-page":"37","article-title":"Therapeutic benefits of a 6-week-long exercise program in patients with chronic venous incompetence","volume":"49","author":"Klyscz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Deutsche Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Sportmedizin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0018|cit18","first-page":"26","article-title":"Clinical, functional and quality of life changes after balneokinesis with sulphurous water in patients with varicose veins","volume":"32","author":"Mancini","year":"2003","journal-title":"VASA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1177\/0267659118791682","article-title":"Chronic venous insufficiency: a new concept to understand pathophysiology at the microvascular level - a pilot study","volume":"34","author":"Mutlak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Perfusion"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0020|cit20","unstructured":"VEINEX: Venous Investigations During Exercise clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02689557"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0021|cit21","unstructured":"The effect of structured exercise on chronic venous insufficiency clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03562546"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0022|cit22","unstructured":"Effects of kinesio taping method on functional capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic venous disease clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04148950"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105316656241","article-title":"Using a theoretical approach to identify factors influencing adherence to an exercise programme for adults with venous leg ulcers","volume":"23","author":"O'Brien","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Health Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2016.09.015","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial: potential benefit of a footplate neuromuscular electrical stimulation device in patients with chronic venous disease","volume":"53","author":"Ravikumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0025|cit25","unstructured":"Changes in oxygenation of skin and muscles after the use of functional bandage in women with varicose veins ensaiosclinicos.gov.br\/rg\/RBR-9bhbrp"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0026|cit26","first-page":"961","article-title":"The randomized, controlled ATLANTIS trial of aquatic therapy for chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"9","author":"Sharifi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-015-0963-z","article-title":"Supervised exercise training as an adjunctive therapy for venous leg ulcers: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Tew","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1177\/1708538119893534","article-title":"Dancing: more than a therapy for patients with venous insufficiency","volume":"28","author":"Dogru-Huzmeli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vascular"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355520985759","article-title":"The efficiency of exercise training in patients with venous insufficiency: a double blinded, randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"G\u00fcrdal Karakelle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0030|cit30","unstructured":"Exercise training in venous insufficiency clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03755180"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0031|cit31","unstructured":"Physical conditioning in management of chronic venous insufficiency clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00013273"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0032|cit32","unstructured":"Efficacy of a physical exercises protocol for legs in patients with venous chronic insufficiency ensaiosclinicos.gov.br\/rg\/RBR-57xtk7"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04314-1","article-title":"Supervised exercise protocol for lower limbs in subjects with chronic venous disease: an evaluator-blinded, randomized clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Volpe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0034|cit34","unstructured":"Role of a novel exercise program to prevent post-thrombotic syndrome clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02148029"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2004.05.015","article-title":"The epidemiology of chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins","volume":"15","author":"Beebe-Dimmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annals of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra055289","article-title":"Mechanisms of disease - chronic venous disease","volume":"355","author":"Bergan","year":"2006","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0037|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)31203-0","article-title":"The epidemiology of varicose veins: the Framingham study","volume":"4","author":"Brand","year":"1988","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Busuttil A Lim CS Davies AH Post thrombotic syndrome Thrombosis and Embolism: from Research to Clinical Practice. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 906 Springer, Cham https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/5584_2016_126","DOI":"10.1007\/5584_2016_126"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0039|cit39","first-page":"989","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of venous ulcers","volume":"81","author":"Collins","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0040|cit40","unstructured":"Covidence Veritas Health Innovation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0041|cit41","first-page":"48","article-title":"Improving the calf pump using home-based exercises for patients with chronic venous diseases","volume":"4","author":"Davies","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wounds UK"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-4-200302180-00012","article-title":"Managing the patient with venous ulcers","volume":"138","author":"De Araujo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annals Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013085.pub2","article-title":"Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency","author":"Moraes Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0044|cit44","unstructured":"Deeks JJ Higgins JP Chapter 10: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006898","article-title":"Chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"130","author":"Eberhardt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2004.09.027","article-title":"Revision of the CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders: consensus statement","volume":"40","author":"Eklof","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.53.3.149","article-title":"Prevalence of varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency in men and women in the general population: Edinburgh Vein Study","volume":"53","author":"Evans","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1989.tb03020.x","article-title":"Anatomy and pathophysiology of varicose veins","volume":"15","author":"Goldman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Dermatologic Surgery Oncology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0049|cit49","unstructured":"GRADEpro GDT McMaster University (developed by Evidence Prime)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2001.113308","article-title":"Trends in the incidence of venous stasis syndrome and venous ulcer: a 25-year population-based study","volume":"33","author":"Heit","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0052|cit52","unstructured":"Higgins JP Altman DG Sterne JAC Chapter 8: assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JP, Churchill R, Chandler J, Cumpston MS (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook\/archive\/v5.1\/"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.3281","article-title":"Prescribed exercise with compression vs compression alone in treating patients with venous leg ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"154","author":"Jull","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.136.12.1364","article-title":"Hemodynamic effects of supervised calf muscle exercise in patients with venous leg ulceration","volume":"136","author":"Kan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Archives of Surgery"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0055|cit55","unstructured":"Lefebvre C Glanville J Briscoe S Featherstone R Littlewood A Marshall C Chapter 4: Searching for and selecting studies. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0056|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"b2700","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2700","article-title":"The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate healthcare interventions: explanation and elaboration","volume":"339","author":"Liberati","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0057|cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2019.12.075","article-title":"The 2020 update of the CEAP classification system and reporting standards","volume":"8","author":"Lurie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0058|cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-921948","article-title":"Lower extremity venous anatomy","volume":"22","author":"Meissner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology"},{"issue":"123","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0059|cit59","first-page":"2601","article-title":"Exercise prescription and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease","volume":"121","author":"Baughman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0060|cit60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/HJR.0b013e3282f55e09","article-title":"Association of physical activity with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Nocon","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.25270\/owm.2017.08.3043","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise intervention for the treatment of calf muscle pump impairment in individuals with chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"63","author":"Orr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ostomy\/Wound Management"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0062|cit62","unstructured":"Page MJ Higgins JP Sterne JAC Chapter 13: Assessing risk of bias due to missing results in a synthesis. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0063|cit63","first-page":"374","article-title":"Venous symptoms: the SYM Vein Consensus statement developed under the auspices of the European Venous Forum","volume":"35","author":"Perrin","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Angiology"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0064|cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13221-014-0024-5","article-title":"Cellular and molecular basis of venous insufficiency","volume":"6","author":"Pocock","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vascular Cell"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0065|cit65","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of reduction of edema after rest and after muscle exercises in treatment of chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"2","author":"Quilici","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Archives of Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1334092","article-title":"Calf pump activity influencing venous hemodynamics in the lower extremity","volume":"22","author":"Recek","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Angiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0067|cit67","unstructured":"Review Manager Web (RevMan Web) The Cochrane Collaboration 2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0068|cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2012.05.006","article-title":"Incidence of chronic venous disease in the Edinburgh Vein Study","volume":"1","author":"Robertson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e31822e80c3","article-title":"2011 ACCF\/AHA focused update of the guideline for the management of patients with peripheral artery disease (updating the 2005 guideline): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines","volume":"124","author":"Rooke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2000.107094","article-title":"Venous severity scoring: an adjunct to venous outcome assessment","volume":"31","author":"Rutherford","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0071|cit71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-11-201006010-00232","article-title":"CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials","volume":"152","author":"Schulz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0072|cit72","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann HJ Higgins JP Vist GE Glasziou P Akl EA Skoetz N Chapter 14: Completing \u2018Summary of findings\u2019 tables and grading the certainty of the evidence. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of interventions version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0073|cit73","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann HJ Vist GE Higgins JP Santesso N Deeks JJ Glasziou P Chapter 15: Interpreting results and drawing conclusions. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3.0 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0074|cit74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12885","article-title":"What is the effect of exercise on wound healing in patients with venous leg ulcers? A systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Wound Journal"},{"issue":"4-5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0075|cit75","first-page":"166","article-title":"Chronic venous insufficiency \u2013 epidemiology","volume":"103","author":"Staffa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bratislavske Lekarske Listy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0076|cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2010.06.161","article-title":"Revision of the venous clinical severity score: venous outcomes consensus statement. Special communication of the American Venous Forum Ad Hoc Outcomes Working Group","volume":"52","author":"Vasquez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0077|cit77","first-page":"218","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence, management, and predictors of venous ulcers in the long-term-care population using the MDS","volume":"13","author":"Wipke-Tevis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Advances in Skin and Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0078|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1999.00993.x","article-title":"Effect of exercise on calf muscle pump function in patients with chronic venous disease","volume":"86","author":"Yang","year":"1999","journal-title":"British Journal of Surgery"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0079|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637","article-title":"Physical exercise for the treatment of non-ulcerated chronic venous insufficiency","author":"Araujo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3-BIB0080|cit80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub2","article-title":"Physical exercise for the treatment of non-ulcerated chronic venous insufficiency","author":"Araujo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T23:17:40Z","timestamp":1751930260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD010637.pub3"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Vascular Group","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd010637.pub3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]}}}