{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T05:22:30Z","timestamp":1793510550564,"version":"4.5.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd011076","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]],"date-time":"2015-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429660800000}}],"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd011076.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]],"date-time":"2015-04-22T03:35:10Z","timestamp":1429673710000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Dimethyl fumarate for multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Zhu","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College; Department of Neurology; No. 28, Gui Yi Street Guiyang Guizhou Procince China 550004"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jinan No. 6 People's Hospital; Department of Neurology; No. 38, Hui Quan Road Jinan Shandong Province China 250200"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"FangLi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jinan No. 6 People's Hospital; Department of Medical Imaging; No. 38, Hui Quan Road Jinan Shandong Province China 250200"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KeFeng","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jinan No. 6 People's Hospital; Department of Interventional Radiology; No. 38, Hui Quan Road Jinan Shandong Province China 250200"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jinan No. 6 People's Hospital; Department of Neurology; No. 38, Hui Quan Road Jinan Shandong Province China 250200"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dian","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College; Department of Neurology; No. 28, Gui Yi Street Guiyang Guizhou Procince China 550004"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fox R Miller D Phillips JT Kita M Hutchinson M Havrdova E Clinical efficacy of BG-12 in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS): data from the phase 3 CONFIRM study Meeting abstracts of the The American Academy of Neurology's 64th AAN Annual Meeting 2012","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.78.1_MeetingAbstracts.S01.003"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1206328","article-title":"Placebo-controlled phase 3 study of oral BG-12 or glatiramer in multiple sclerosis","volume":"367","author":"Fox","year":"2012","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","first-page":"87","article-title":"Clinical and neuroimaging outcomes with BG-12 treatment in CONFIRM (comparator and an oral fumarate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis) a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase-3 study","volume":"19","author":"Havrdova","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","first-page":"36","article-title":"Clinical outcomes with BG-12 treatment in CONFIRM (Comparator and an oral fumarate in relapsing- remitting multiple sclerosis) a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study","volume":"259","author":"Havrdova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","first-page":"355","article-title":"Effect of BG-12 in subgroups of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: findings from the CONFIRM (comparator and an oral fumarate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis) study","volume":"19","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2286","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-6968-1","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: subgroup analyses of the CONFIRM study","volume":"260","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","first-page":"683","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in the phase 3 CONFIRM study","volume":"19","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513507818","article-title":"Effects of BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) on health-related quality of life in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: findings from the CONFIRM study","volume":"20","author":"Kita","year":"2014","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","first-page":"254","article-title":"Effects of BG-12 on quality of life in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: findings from the CONFIRM study","volume":"18","author":"Kita","year":"2012","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller D Fox R Phillips JT Kita M Hutchinson M Havrdova E Effects of BG-12 on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) endpoints in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS): Data from the phase 3 CONFIRM study Meeting abstracts of the The American Academy of Neurology's 64th AAN Annual Meeting 2012","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.78.1_MeetingAbstracts.S11.001"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","first-page":"36","article-title":"Effects of BG-12 on magnetic resonance imaging outcomes in CONFIRM (comparator and an oral fumarate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis), a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study","volume":"259","author":"Miller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","first-page":"189","article-title":"Effect of BG-12 on magnetic resonance imaging activity in subgroups of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: findings from the CONFIRM study","volume":"18","author":"Miller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Phillips JT Fox R Miller D Kita M Hutchinson M Havrdova E Safety and tolerability of BG-12 in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS): analyses from the CONFIRM study Meeting abstracts of the The American Academy of Neurology's 64th AAN Annual Meeting 2012","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.78.1_MeetingAbstracts.S41.005"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","unstructured":"Agarwal S Kappos L Gold R Arnold D Bar-Or A Giovannoni G Effects of BG-12 on quality of life in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: findings from the DEFINE study Meeting abstracts of the The American Academy of Neurology's 64th AAN Annual Meeting 2012"},{"issue":"10 Suppl","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","first-page":"369","article-title":"Efficacy on MRI endpoints of BG-12, an oral therapy, in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: data from the phase 3 DEFINE trial","volume":"17","author":"Arnold","year":"2011","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","unstructured":"Arnold D Gold R Kappos L Bar-Or A Giovannoni G Selmaj K Effect of BG-12 on brain atrophy and lesions volume: MRI results from the define study during first and second year of treatment Meeting abstracts of the The American Academy of Neurology's 64th AAN Annual Meeting"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arnold D Gold R Kappos L Bar-Or A Giovannoni G Selmaj K Effects of BG-12 on magnetization transfer ratio in whole brain and normal-appearing brain tissue: findings from the DEFINE study Meeting abstracts of the The American Academy of Neurology's 64th AAN Annual Meeting 2012","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.78.1_MeetingAbstracts.S11.004"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-6954-7","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: subgroup analyses of the DEFINE study","volume":"260","author":"Bar-Or","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","first-page":"356","article-title":"Effect of BG-12 on magnetic resonance imaging activity in subgroups of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: findings from the DEFINE study","volume":"19","author":"Bar-Or","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giovannoni G Gold R Kappos L Arnold D Bar-Or A Selmaj K BG-12 increases the proportion of patients free of clinical and radiologic disease activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: findings from the define study Meeting abstracts of the The American Academy of Neurology's 64th AAN Annual Meeting 2012","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.78.1_MeetingAbstracts.PD5.005"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","first-page":"106","article-title":"Analysis of clinical and radiological disease activity-free status in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with BG-12: findings from the DEFINE study","volume":"259","author":"Giovannoni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1114287","article-title":"Placebo-controlled phase 3 study of oral BG-12 for relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"367","author":"Gold","year":"2012","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"10 Suppl","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","first-page":"488","article-title":"BG-12 effects on patient-reported outcomes in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: results from the DEFINE study","volume":"17","author":"Kappos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513507817","article-title":"Quality of life outcomes with BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: the DEFINE study","volume":"20","author":"Kappos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511421054","article-title":"Effect of BG-12 on contrast-enhanced lesions in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: subgroup analyses from the phase 2b study","volume":"18","author":"Kappos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"issue":"9648","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61619-0","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of oral fumarate in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIb study","volume":"372","author":"Kappos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-010-5777-z","article-title":"BG-12 reduces evolution of new enhancing lesions to T1-hypointense lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"258","author":"MacManus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01292.x","article-title":"Oral fumaric acid esters for the treatment of active multiple sclerosis: an open-label, baseline-controlled pilot study","volume":"13","author":"Schimrigk","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-163","article-title":"Effects of dimethyl fumarate on neuroprotection and immunomodulation","volume":"9","author":"Albrecht","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.1.129","article-title":"Validation of the functional assessment of multiple sclerosis quality of life instrument","volume":"47","author":"Cella","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl007","article-title":"Natural history of multiple sclerosis: a unifying concept","volume":"129","author":"Confavreux","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Controlled Clinical Trials"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1211805","article-title":"PML in a patient treated with fumaric acid","volume":"368","author":"Ermis","year":"2013","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008933","article-title":"Immunomodulators and immunosuppressants for multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis","author":"Filippini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1177\/135245859900500410","article-title":"Recent developments in the assessment of quality of life in multiple sclerosis (MS)","volume":"5","author":"Fischer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100977","article-title":"Fumarates improve psoriasis and multiple sclerosis by inducing type II dendritic cells","volume":"208","author":"Ghoreschi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-004-0348-9","article-title":"The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: the need for effective antioxidant therapy","volume":"251","author":"Gilgun-Sherki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","unstructured":"Brozek J, Oxman A, Sch\u00fcnemann H GRADEpro 2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.2307\/2530643","article-title":"Estimation of a common effect parameter from sparse follow-up data","volume":"41","author":"Greenland","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Green S (editors) Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 www.cochrane-handbook.org"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hutchinson M Fox RJ Havrdova E Kurukulasuriya NC Sarda SP Agarwal S Efficacy and safety of BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) and other disease-modifying therapies for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and mixed treatment comparison Current Medical Research Opinion 2014 613 27","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2013.863755"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfp274","article-title":"The absence of the pro-antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"114","author":"Johnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicological Sciences"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512441566","article-title":"Treatment experience, burden and unmet needs (TRIBUNE) in MS study: results from five European countries","volume":"18","author":"Karampampa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","first-page":"11","article-title":"Treatment experience, burden, and unmet needs (TRIBUNE) in multiple sclerosis: the costs and utilities of MS patients in Canada","volume":"19","author":"Karampampa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.3111\/13696998.2013.807267","article-title":"Treatment experience, burden, and unmet needs (TRIBUNE) in Multiple Sclerosis study: the costs and utilities of MS patients in The Netherlands","volume":"16","author":"Karampampa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Economics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X12666140115214801","article-title":"The effectiveness of dimethyl fumarate monotherapy in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Kawalec","year":"2014","journal-title":"Current Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444","article-title":"Rating neurological impairment in multiple sclerosis: an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)","volume":"33","author":"Kurtzke","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","first-page":"12","article-title":"Spotlight on fumarates","volume":"15","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"International MS Journal"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11783","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms130911783","article-title":"Mechanisms of oxidative damage in multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases: therapeutic modulation via fumaric acid esters","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq386","article-title":"Fumaric acid esters exert neuroprotective effects in neuroinflammation via activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway","volume":"134","author":"Linker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2004.02145.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of oral fumarates in healthy subjects","volume":"58","author":"Litjens","year":"2004","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.4.907","article-title":"Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"46","author":"Lublin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","first-page":"149","article-title":"Activation of Nrf2 and modulation of disease progression in EAE models by BG00012 (dimethyl fumarate) suggests a novel mechanism of action combining anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective modalities","volume":"13","author":"Lukashev","year":"2007","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","first-page":"719","article-title":"Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease","volume":"22","author":"Mantel","year":"1959","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1032","article-title":"Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the international panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis","volume":"50","author":"McDonald","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0056|cit56","unstructured":"National MS Society Tecfidera http:\/\/www.nationalmssociety.org\/Treating-MS\/Medications\/Tecfidera\u2122"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0057|cit57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2165\/11592160-000000000-00000","article-title":"Burden of a multiple sclerosis relapse: the patient's perspective","volume":"5","author":"Oleen-Burkey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Patient"},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0058|cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28017","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.383380","article-title":"Dimethyl fumarate inhibits dendritic cell maturation via nuclear factor \u03baB (NF-\u03baB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1\/2) and mitogen stress-activated kinase 1 (MSK1) signaling","volume":"287","author":"Peng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0059|cit59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20703","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the \"McDonald Criteria\"","volume":"58","author":"Polman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0060|cit60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22366","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria","volume":"69","author":"Polman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130302","article-title":"New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research protocols","volume":"13","author":"Poser","year":"1983","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0062|cit62","unstructured":"The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager (RevMan) 2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.111.190132","article-title":"Fumarates promote cytoprotection of central nervous system cells against oxidative stress via the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 pathway","volume":"341","author":"Scannevin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0064|cit64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03094.x","article-title":"Fumaric acid esters are effective in chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and suppress macrophage infiltration","volume":"145","author":"Schilling","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0065|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.7625","article-title":"Association between use of interferon beta and progression of disability in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","volume":"308","author":"Shirani","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1300283","article-title":"Manufacturer's response to case reports of PML","volume":"368","author":"Sweetser","year":"2013","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0067|cit67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458504ms1059oa","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Tullman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0068|cit68","unstructured":"U.S. Food Drug Administration FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA warns about case of rare brain infection PML with MS drug Tecfidera (dimethyl fumarate) http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/Drugs\/DrugSafety\/ucm424625.htm"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0069|cit69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1215357","article-title":"PML in a patient treated with dimethyl fumarate from a compounding pharmacy","volume":"368","author":"Oosten","year":"2013","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02260859","article-title":"A health-related quality of life measure for multiple sclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Vickrey","year":"1995","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0071|cit71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","article-title":"The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection","volume":"30","author":"Ware","year":"1992","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2-BIB0072|cit72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-7-30","article-title":"Dimethyl fumarate inhibits microglial and astrocytic inflammation by suppressing the synthesis of nitric oxide, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-6 in an in-vitro model of brain inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Wilms","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroinflammation"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/wol1\/doi\/10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2\/fullpdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T19:01:51Z","timestamp":1700766111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD011076.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Multiple Sclerosis and Rare Diseases of the CNS Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd011076.pub2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]]}}}