{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T19:27:18Z","timestamp":1776454038504,"version":"3.51.2"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd011746","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]],"date-time":"2018-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522972800000}}],"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd011746.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]],"date-time":"2018-04-06T21:14:32Z","timestamp":1523049272000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Omar","family":"Abdel-Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary and Tom Baker Cancer Center; Department of Oncology; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 4N1"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University; Clinical Oncology; Lofty Elsayed Street Cairo Egypt 11335"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeinab","family":"Elsayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University; Clinical Oncology; Lofty Elsayed Street Cairo Egypt 11335"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hesham","family":"Elhalawani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Department of Radiation Oncology; 1515 Holcombe Blvd Houston Texas USA 77030"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2012.682628","article-title":"Randomized phase II trial of S-1 and cisplatin versus gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma","volume":"51","author":"Kang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Oncologica"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdh096","article-title":"Mitomycin C in combination with capecitabine or biweekly high-dose gemcitabine in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer: a randomised phase II trial","volume":"15","author":"Kornek","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annals of Oncology"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26888","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.8590","article-title":"Combined gemcitabine and S-1 chemotherapy for treating unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a randomized open-label clinical trial","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.12218","article-title":"Randomized phase II study of gemcitabine plus S-1 versus S-1 in advanced biliary tract cancer: a Japan Clinical Oncology Group trial (JCOG 0805)","volume":"104","author":"Morizane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Science"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2014.08.013","article-title":"Gemcitabine plus cisplatin versus chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced biliary tract cancer: F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Francophone de Canc\u00e9rologie Digestive 9902 phase II randomised study","volume":"50","author":"Phelip","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu576","article-title":"A randomized, multicenter, phase II study of vandetanib monotherapy versus vandetanib in combination with gemcitabine versus gemcitabine plus placebo in subjects with advanced biliary tract cancer: the VanGogh study","volume":"26","author":"Santoro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annals of Oncology"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4581","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.29.3605","article-title":"Best supportive care compared with chemotherapy for unresectable gall bladder cancer: a randomized controlled study","volume":"28","author":"Sharma","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv035","article-title":"A KRAS mutation status-stratified randomized phase II trial of gemcitabine and oxaliplatin alone or in combination with cetuximab in advanced biliary tract cancer","volume":"26","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annals of Oncology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(11)70301-1","article-title":"Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin with or without erlotinib in advanced biliary-tract cancer: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Oncology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2013.230","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy between gemcitabine-cisplatin and capecitabine-cisplatin combination chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract cancer","volume":"47","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Research and Treatment"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29778","article-title":"Panitumumab in combination with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin does not prolong survival in wild-type KRAS advanced biliary tract cancer: a randomized phase 2 trial (Vecti-BIL study)","volume":"122","author":"Leone","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70212-8","article-title":"Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin with or without cetuximab in advanced biliary-tract cancer (BINGO): a randomised, open-label, non-comparative phase 2 trial","volume":"15","author":"Malka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncology"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2014.09.013","article-title":"Gemcitabine plus sorafenib versus gemcitabine alone in advanced biliary tract cancer: a double-blind placebo-controlled multicentre phase II Aio study with biomarker and serum programme","volume":"50","author":"Moehler","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605779","article-title":"Gemcitabine alone or in combination with cisplatin in patients with biliary tract cancer: a comparative multicentre study in Japan","volume":"103","author":"Okusaka","year":"2010","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1159\/000011961","article-title":"Two consecutive phase II studies of 5-fluorouracil\/leucovorin\/mitomycin C and of gemcitabine in patients with advanced biliary cancer","volume":"56","author":"Raderer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973\u20139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-013-2090-4","article-title":"A randomized phase II study of gemcitabine and S-1 combination therapy versus gemcitabine monotherapy for advanced biliary tract cancer","volume":"71","author":"Sasaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605211","article-title":"Gemcitabine alone or in combination with cisplatin in patients with advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinomas or other biliary tract tumours: a multicentre randomised phase II study - the UK ABC-01 Study","volume":"101","author":"Valle","year":"2009","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908721","article-title":"Cisplatin plus gemcitabine versus cisplatin for biliary tract cancer","volume":"362","author":"Valle","year":"2010","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00139-4","article-title":"Cediranib or placebo in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (ABC-03): a randomised phase 2 trial","volume":"16","author":"Valle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Oncology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","first-page":"1098","article-title":"Random and control study comparing gemcitabine administered in fixed dose rate with a more standard infusion combined with oxaliplatin regimens in advanced biliary tract cancer patients","volume":"41","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","unstructured":"NCT01470443 Study of GEMOX(gemcitabine\/oxaliplatin) versus XELOX(xeloda\/oxaliplatin) in advanced biliary tract carcinoma clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01470443"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","unstructured":"NCT02591030 Safety and efficacy of modified folfirinox versus gemcis in bile duct tumours (AMEBICA) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02591030"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","unstructured":"NCT03044587 Nal-IRI with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin or gemcitabine plus cisplatin in advanced biliary-tract cancer (NIFE) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03044587"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.21374","article-title":"Cancers of the ampulla of vater: demographics, morphology, and survival based on 5,625 cases from the SEER program","volume":"100","author":"Albores-Saavedra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Surgical Oncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.9-1-43","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Anderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015","article-title":"GRADE guidelines 3: rating the quality of evidence - introduction","volume":"64","author":"Balshem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.10.007","article-title":"Trial sequential analysis reveals insufficient information size and potentially false positive results in many meta-analyses","volume":"61","author":"Brok","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyn188","article-title":"Apparently conclusive meta-analyses may be inconclusive - trial sequential analysis adjustment of random error risk due to repetitive testing of accumulating data in apparently conclusive neonatal meta-analyses","volume":"38","author":"Brok","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2403","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.6.2403","article-title":"Improvements in survival and clinical benefit with gemcitabine as first-line therapy for patients with advanced pancreas cancer: a randomized trial","volume":"15","author":"Burris","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/10.suppl_4.S308","article-title":"Risk factors for biliary tract carcinogenesis","volume":"10","author":"Chapman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annals of Oncology"},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4584","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004584","article-title":"Chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinoma: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"95","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","unstructured":"Common terminology criteria of adverse events evs.nci.nih.gov\/ftp1\/CTCAE\/About.html"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199910283411807","article-title":"Biliary tract cancers","volume":"341","author":"Groen","year":"1999","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780060325","article-title":"Methods of combining randomised clinical trials: strengths and limitations","volume":"6","author":"DeMets","year":"1987","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000251366.62632.d3","article-title":"Cholangiocarcinoma: thirty-one-year experience with 564 patients at a single institution","volume":"245","author":"DeOliveira","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annals of Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Controlled Clinical Trials"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603648","article-title":"Chemotherapy in advanced biliary tract carcinoma: a pooled analysis of clinical trials","volume":"96","author":"Eckel","year":"2007","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1159\/000365781","article-title":"Chemotherapy and targeted therapy in advanced biliary tract carcinoma: a pooled analysis of clinical trials","volume":"60","author":"Eckel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.10.026","article-title":"New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1)","volume":"45","author":"Eisenhauer","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4089","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.20.4089","article-title":"Treatment of inoperable and\/or metastatic biliary tree carcinomas with single-agent gemcitabine or in combination with levofolinic acid and infusional fluorouracil: results of a multicenter phase II study","volume":"19","author":"Gebbia","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","unstructured":"Gluud C Nikolova D Klingenberg SL Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group About Cochrane (Cochrane Review Groups (CRGs)) 2018, Issue 3. Art. No.: LIVER"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","unstructured":"Brozek J Oxman A Sch\u00fcnemann H GRADEpro 2008"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.01.012","article-title":"GRADE guidelines 6. Rating the quality of evidence -- imprecision","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.01.011","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 5. Rating the quality of evidence -- publication bias","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.06.004","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 9. Rating up the quality of evidence","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.03.017","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 7. Rating the quality of evidence -- inconsistency","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.04.014","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 8. Rating the quality of evidence -- indirectness","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.09.012","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 2. Framing the question and deciding on important outcomes","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.07.017","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 4. Rating the quality of evidence -- study limitations (risk of bias)","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction - GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2012.01.006","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 11. Making an overall rating of confidence in effect estimates for a single outcome and for all outcomes","volume":"66","author":"Guyatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2012.01.012","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 12. Preparing summary of findings tables-binary outcomes","volume":"66","author":"Guyatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2012.08.001","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 13. Preparing summary of findings tables and evidence profiles-continuous outcomes","volume":"66","author":"Guyatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2012.03.013","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 15. Going from evidence to recommendations: the significance and presentation of recommendations","volume":"66","author":"Guyatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0056|cit56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2017.05.005","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 17. Assessing the risk of bias associated with missing participant outcome data in a body of evidence","volume":"87","author":"Guyatt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0057|cit57","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Green S editor(s) Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org"},{"issue":"7211","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0058|cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7211.670","article-title":"What is meant by intention to treat analysis? Survey of published randomised controlled trials","volume":"319","author":"Hollis","year":"1999","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0059|cit59","volume-title":"International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. ICH harmonised tripartite guideline. Guideline for good clinical practice CFR & ICH Guidelines","volume":"1","author":"International Conference on Harmonisation Expert Working Group","year":"1997"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0060|cit60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-016-0432-2","article-title":"Genomic profiling of biliary tract cancers and implications for clinical practice","volume":"17","author":"Jain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0061|cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-120","article-title":"Thresholds for statistical and clinical significance in systematic reviews with meta-analytic methods","volume":"14","author":"Jakobsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0062|cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/13651820801992641","article-title":"Epidemiology, risk factors, and pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2008","journal-title":"HPB : the Official Journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0063|cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-11-200112040-00010","article-title":"Reported methodologic quality and discrepancies between large and small randomized trials in meta-analyses","volume":"135","author":"Kjaergard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0064|cit64","first-page":"783","article-title":"Phase II study of systemic gemcitabine chemotherapy for advanced unresectable hepatobiliary carcinomas","volume":"48","author":"Kubicka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepato-gastroenterology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0065|cit65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2328","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu162","article-title":"Second-line chemotherapy in advanced biliary cancer: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Lamarca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annals of Oncology"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0066|cit66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18001","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i47.18001","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of gemcitabine-based chemotherapies in biliary tract cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0067|cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.MR000033.pub3","article-title":"Industry sponsorship and research outcome","author":"Lundh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0068|cit68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.698","article-title":"A comparison of methods to detect publication bias in meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Macaskill","year":"2001","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0069|cit69","first-page":"719","article-title":"Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease","volume":"2","author":"Mantel","year":"1959","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0070|cit70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2012.06.006","article-title":"Biliary tract carcinomas: from chemotherapy to targeted therapy","volume":"85","author":"Marino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Oncology\/Hematology"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0071|cit71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v7","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdj941","article-title":"Cellular pharmacology of gemcitabine","volume":"17","author":"Mini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annals of Oncology"},{"issue":"9128","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0072|cit72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)01085-X","article-title":"Does quality of reports of randomised trials affect estimates of intervention efficacy reported in meta-analyses?","volume":"352","author":"Moher","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0073|cit73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736-42; quiz 74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.02.004","article-title":"The GRADE approach is reproducible in assessing the quality of evidence of quantitative evidence syntheses","volume":"66","author":"Mustafa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0074|cit74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2015.02.006","article-title":"Pathologic classification of cholangiocarcinoma: new concepts","volume":"29","author":"Nakanuma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0075|cit75","unstructured":"National Cancer Instiute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) ctep.cancer.gov\/protocolDevelopment\/electronic_applications\/ctc.htm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0076|cit76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyi021","article-title":"Single-agent gemcitabine in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancers: a phase II study","volume":"35","author":"Park","year":"2005","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0077|cit77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19981230)17:24<2815::AID-SIM110>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"Extracting summary statistics to perform meta-analyses of the published literature for survival endpoints","volume":"17","author":"Parmar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0078|cit78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.25087","article-title":"Increasing incidence and mortality of primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States","volume":"33","author":"Patel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0079|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-2-10","article-title":"Worldwide trends in mortality from biliary tract malignancies","volume":"2","author":"Patel","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0080|cit80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008352123009","article-title":"Phase II trial of two-weekly gemcitabine in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer","volume":"12","author":"Penz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of Oncology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0081|cit81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21683","article-title":"Gallbladder cancer worldwide: geographical distribution and risk factors","volume":"118","author":"Randi","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0082|cit82","unstructured":"The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager (RevMan) 2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0083|cit83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266462303000552","article-title":"Literature searching for randomised controlled trials used in Cochrane reviews: rapid versus exhaustive searches","volume":"19","author":"Royle","year":"2003","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0084|cit84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-157-6-201209180-00537","article-title":"Influence of reported study design characteristics on intervention effect estimates from randomized, controlled trials","volume":"157","author":"Savovi\u0107","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0085|cit85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta16350","article-title":"Influence of reported study design characteristics on intervention effect estimates from randomized, controlled trials","volume":"16","author":"Savovi\u0107","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Technology Assessment"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0086|cit86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520290060030","article-title":"Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials","volume":"273","author":"Schulz","year":"1995","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0087|cit87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2015.01.002","article-title":"Systemic therapy of cholangiocarcinoma: From chemotherapy to targeted therapies","volume":"29","author":"Schweitzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0088|cit88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2003.11.030","article-title":"Rising incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: a true increase?","volume":"40","author":"Shaib","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0089|cit89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19951115)76:10<1747::AID-CNCR2820761011>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Risk factors for gallbladder cancer. An international collaborative case-control study","volume":"76","author":"Strom","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0090|cit90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1159\/000318020","article-title":"Treatment efficacy\/safety and prognostic factors in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer receiving gemcitabine monotherapy: an analysis of 100 cases","volume":"79","author":"Suzuki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0091|cit91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyn179","article-title":"Can trial sequential monitoring boundaries reduce spurious inferences from meta-analyses","volume":"38","author":"Thorlund","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0092|cit92","first-page":"57","article-title":"Interpreting meta-analysis according to the adequacy of sample size. An example using isoniazid chemoprophylaxis for tuberculosis in purified protein derivative negative HIV-infected individuals","volume":"2","author":"Thorlund","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0093|cit93","unstructured":"Thorlund K Engstr\u00f8m J Wetterslev J Brok J Imberger G Gluud C User manual for Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA) ctu.dk\/tsa\/files\/tsa_manual.pdf"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0094|cit94","unstructured":"Copenhagen Trial Unit TSA - Trial Sequential Analysis 2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0095|cit95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24351","article-title":"Risk factors of cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"54","author":"Tyson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0096|cit96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt540","article-title":"Cisplatin and gemcitabine for advanced biliary tract cancer: a meta-analysis of two randomised trials","volume":"25","author":"Valle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annals of Oncology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0097|cit97","unstructured":"Venook A Treatment options for advanced biliary tract cancers 10th Annual Clinical Cancer Update Course, Lake Tahoe, CA"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0098|cit98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djj234","article-title":"Impact of classification of hilar cholangiocarcinomas (Klatskin tumors) on the incidence of intra- and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States","volume":"98","author":"Welzel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0099|cit99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603127","article-title":"Trends in the incidence of primary liver and biliary tract cancers in England and Wales 1971-2001","volume":"94","author":"West","year":"2001","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0100|cit100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-8-170","article-title":"Pancreatobiliary versus intestinal histologic type of differentiation is an independent prognostic factor in resected periampullary adenocarcinoma","volume":"8","author":"Westgaard","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0101|cit101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.03.013","article-title":"Trial sequential analysis may establish when firm evidence is reached in cumulative meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Wetterslev","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0102|cit102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-9-86","article-title":"Estimating required information size by quantifying diversity in a random-effects meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Wetterslev","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0103|cit103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-017-0315-7","article-title":"Trial Sequential Analysis in systematic reviews with meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Wetterslev","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"issue":"7644","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0104|cit104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39465.451748.AD","article-title":"Empirical evidence of bias in treatment effect estimates in controlled trials with different interventions and outcomes: meta-epidemiological study","volume":"336","author":"Wood","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0105|cit105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hym116","article-title":"A multi-center retrospective analysis of survival benefits of chemotherapy for unresectable biliary tract cancer","volume":"37","author":"Yonemoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0106|cit106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2009-0302","article-title":"Current management of gallbladder carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2-BIB0107|cit107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011746","article-title":"Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas","author":"Abdel-Rahman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T17:32:38Z","timestamp":1733765558000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD011746.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]]},"references-count":107,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd011746.pub2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]]}}}