{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:51:39Z","timestamp":1790794299504,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd011806","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696204800000}}],"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com","cochranelibrary.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd011806.pub2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T10:54:17Z","timestamp":1696244057000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Vitamin D for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2023","author":[{"given":"Chris","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust; Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morris","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine; University of Central Lancashire; Preston UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vassiliki","family":"Sinopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine; University of Central Lancashire; Preston UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berkeley N","family":"Limketkai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Digestive Diseases; University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0001|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e409","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001233","article-title":"Oral nano vitamin D supplementation reduces disease activity in ulcerative colitis: a double-blind randomized parallel group placebo-controlled trial","volume":"53","author":"Ahamed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0002|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izy346","article-title":"Randomized trial of vitamin D supplementation to prevent seasonal influenza and upper respiratory infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"25","author":"Arihiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0003|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.14740\/gr1264","article-title":"Use of vitamin D with anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy for Crohn's disease","volume":"13","author":"Bafutto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0004|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3699","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123699","article-title":"Decrease in mucosal IL-17A, IFN-y and IL10 expressions in active Crohn's disease patients treated with high-dose vitamin alone or combined with infliximab","volume":"12","author":"Bendix","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0005|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S458","DOI":"10.14309\/00000434-201110002-01215","article-title":"High dose vitamin D3 improves clinical activity in Crohn's disease","volume":"106","author":"Boothe","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0006|cit6","first-page":"49","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on TNF-\u03b1 serum level and disease activity index in Iranian IBD patients","volume":"8","author":"Dadaei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0007|cit7","unstructured":"Association between vitamin D deficiency in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and disease activity, TNF alpha level and quality of life www.irct.ir\/trial\/14884"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0008|cit8","first-page":"209","article-title":"Effect of vitamin d supplementation in patients of ulcerative colitis (UC) and its correlation with disease severity and health related quality of life (HRQOL)","volume":"34","author":"Dash","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0009|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.05.037","article-title":"High-dose vitamin D does not prevent postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease in a randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Bruyn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0010|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001443","article-title":"Vitamin D in children with inflammatory bowel disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"55","author":"El Amrousy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0011|cit11","first-page":"493","article-title":"Effect of exogenous vitamin D on intestinal mucosal barrier and inflammatory factors in patients","volume":"24","author":"Jing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0012|cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24177","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.15489","article-title":"Vitamin D increases programmed death receptor-1 expression in Crohn's disease","volume":"8","author":"Bendix","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0013|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04463.x","article-title":"Vitamin D3 treatment of Crohn's disease patients increases stimulated T cell IL-6 production and proliferation","volume":"32","author":"Bendix-Struve","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0014|cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04355.x","article-title":"Clinical trial: vitamin D3 treatment in Crohn's disease \u2013 a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study","volume":"32","author":"Jorgensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0015|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2020.02.003","article-title":"Inflammatory biomarkers response to two dosages of vitamin D supplementation in patients with ulcerative colitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study","volume":"36","author":"Karimi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0016|cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3654","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.3654","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) in ulcerative colitis patients with hypovitaminosis D3","volume":"5","author":"Mathur","year":"2017","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0017|cit17","unstructured":"Supplementation of vitamin D3 in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and hypovitaminosis D clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01877577"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0018|cit18","unstructured":"High dose vitamin D3 in Crohn's disease clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02615288"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0019|cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-016-4396-7","article-title":"Impact of high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in patients with Crohn's disease in remission: a pilot randomized double-blind controlled study","volume":"62","author":"Narula","year":"2017","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0020|cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-3182","article-title":"Treatment of vitamin D insufficiency in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease: a randomized clinical trial comparing three regimens","volume":"97","author":"Pappa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0021|cit21","first-page":"S340","article-title":"Comparison of two oral vitamin d supplementation doses in maintaining optimal vitamin D level in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"27","author":"Pappa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0022|cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3408","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-4218","article-title":"Maintenance of optimal vitamin D status in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease: a randomized clinical trial comparing two regimens","volume":"99","author":"Pappa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0023|cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640615572176","article-title":"Effects of vitamin D supplementation on intestinal permeability, cathelicidin and disease markers in Crohn's disease: results from a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study","volume":"3","author":"Raftery","year":"2015","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterology Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0024|cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(20)33663-5","article-title":"A pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial on vitamin D3 in children with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease","volume":"158","author":"Sassine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0025|cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000303","article-title":"The effect of vitamin D on serum asymmetric dimethylarginine in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis","volume":"90","author":"Hosseinzadeh-Attar","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0026|cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-3767.187606","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial on the effect of vitamin D3 on inflammation and cathelicidin gene expression in ulcerative colitis patients","volume":"22","author":"Sharifi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0027|cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1080\/19390211.2018.1472168","article-title":"Vitamin D decreases Beck Depression Inventory score in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Sharifi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Dietary Supplements"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0028|cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12982","article-title":"Effect of single-dose injection of vitamin D on immune cytokines in ulcerative colitis patients: a randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"127","author":"Sharifi","year":"2019","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0029|cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12590","article-title":"Treatment of vitamin D deficiency in Chinese inflammatory bowel disease patients: a prospective, randomized, open-label, pilot study","volume":"19","author":"Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Digestive Diseases"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0030|cit30","first-page":"609","article-title":"Prevention of bone mineral loss in patients with Crohn's disease by long-term oral vitamin D supplementation","volume":"7","author":"Vogelsang","year":"1995","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0031|cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.11.071","article-title":"25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in children with Crohn's disease supplemented with either 2000 or 400 IU daily for 6 months: a randomized controlled study","volume":"164","author":"Wingate","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0032|cit32","unstructured":"The study of effect of alfacalcidol treatment on Crohn's disease upload.umin.ac.jp\/cgi-open-bin\/ctr_e\/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000029845"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0033|cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2020.1774921","article-title":"Vitamin D levels in IBD: a randomised trial of weight-based versus fixed dose vitamin D supplementation","volume":"55","author":"Kojecky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0034|cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1139","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12041139","article-title":"Effects of an omega-3 and vitamin D supplement on fatty acids and vitamin D serum levels in double-blinded, randomized, controlled trials in healthy and Crohn's disease populations","volume":"12","author":"Laing","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0035|cit35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e77","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000002590","article-title":"Single high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease and hypovitaminosis D","volume":"70","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0036|cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533611400232","article-title":"Comment on: clinical trial: vitamin D3 treatment in Crohn's disease: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study","volume":"26","author":"Mullin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nutrition in Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0037|cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1111\/php.13086","article-title":"Sunshine is an important determinant of vitamin D status even among high-dose supplement users: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial in Crohn's disease patients","volume":"95","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Photochemistry and Photobiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0038|cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2020.181028","article-title":"Vitamin D decreases CD40L gene expression in ulcerative colitis patients: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Sharifi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0039|cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000915","article-title":"Pilot study evaluating efficacy of 2 regimens for hypovitaminosis D repletion in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"62","author":"Simek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0040|cit40","unstructured":"Vitamin D supplementation in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: a randomised controlled trial to determine effect of vitamin D status and supplementation method on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels www.anzctr.org.au\/Trial\/Registration\/TrialReview.aspx?id=373054"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0041|cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1684\/abc.2021.1698","article-title":"Effects of oral vitamin D3 supplementation in Crohn's disease patients: modulation of clinical active\/remission phases by pro-inflammatory cytokines profile and oxidative stress","volume":"80","author":"Berriche-Yahi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annales de Biologie Clinique"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0042|cit42","unstructured":"A study to assess the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in preventing disease relapse in patients with inflammatory bowel disease www.ctri.nic.in\/Clinicaltrials\/pmaindet2.php?trialid=17504"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0043|cit43","unstructured":"The immunomodulatory role of vitamin D in inflammatory bowel disease (IBDVit): IBDVit1 \u2013 trial of adjuvant vitamin D with corticosteroids in active Crohn's disease; IBDVit2 \u2013 trial of adjuvant vitamin D with infliximab in active Crohn's disease; IBDVit3 \u2013 trial of adjuvant vitamin D with standard maintenance therapy in preventing relapse of inflammatory bowel disease clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/trial\/2007-006692-37\/GB"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0044|cit44","unstructured":"Trial of adjuvant vitamin D with Infliximab in active Crohn's disease (IBDVit2) clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/trial\/2008-001466-93\/results"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0045|cit45","unstructured":"Trial of adjuvant vitamin D with standard maintenance therapy in preventing relapse of inflammatory bowel disease clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=eudract_number:2008-001467-10"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0046|cit46","unstructured":"Study of the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum vitamin D concentration, quality of life, disease activity index, and some of inflammatory and oxidative factors in patients with ulcerative colitis with vitamin D deficiency en.irct.ir\/trial\/4194"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0047|cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2023.22496","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D supplementation on clinical course and T helper 17\/ T-regulatory balance in peripheral blood of patients with Crohn's disease","volume":"34","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0048|cit48","unstructured":"Vitamin D treatment for Crohn's disease clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00132184"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0049|cit49","unstructured":"Efficacy study of targeted, local delivery of drugs to treat Crohn's disease clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00287170"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0050|cit50","unstructured":"Influence of vitamin D on inflammatory bowel disease remission clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01121796"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0051|cit51","unstructured":"Vitamin D supplementation in adult Crohn's disease (VITD-CD) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01369667"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0052|cit52","unstructured":"Vitamin D treatment in ulcerative colitis clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01640496"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0053|cit53","unstructured":"Bioavailability of vitamin D in children and adolescents with Crohn's disease clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01692808"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0054|cit54","unstructured":"Ulcerative colitis and vitamin D supplementation clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01846026"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0055|cit55","unstructured":"The vitamin D in pediatric Crohn's disease (ViDiPeC) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02186275"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0056|cit56","unstructured":"Trial of high dose vitamin D in patient's with Crohn's disease (RODIN-CD) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02208310"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0057|cit57","first-page":"409","article-title":"Clinical study on effect of vitamin D3 combined with mesalazine in reparation of intestinal mucosal oxidative stress injury in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"25","author":"Xia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0058|cit58","unstructured":"Effects of vitamin D supplementation on clinical prognosis for patients with Crohn's disease https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.html?proj=19597"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0059|cit59","unstructured":"Assessment of malnutrition in patients with ulcerative colitis and effect of supplementation of calcitriol in patients with active disease www.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=CTRI\/2021\/03\/031675"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0060|cit60","unstructured":"Role of vitamin D as an add on therapy in ulcerative colitis patients with anaemia ctri.nic.in\/Clinicaltrials\/showallp.php?mid1=57677&EncHid=&userName=CTRI\/2021\/07\/035128"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0061|cit61","unstructured":"Immunmodulating and clinical effect of vitamin D on the induction of remission in the patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis under the treatment with Infliximab www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu\/ctr-search\/search?query=2009-015649-21"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0062|cit62","unstructured":"The effect of different levels of vitamin D on the supply of children with inflammatory bowel disease en.irct.ir\/trial\/5450"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0063|cit63","unstructured":"Effects of supplementation of vitamin D in patients with Crohn's disease clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02704624"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0064|cit64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s40814-021-00813-3","article-title":"Protocol for an open-label feasibility study for a randomised controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation in Crohn's Disease patients with vitamin D deficiency: D-CODE Feasibility study","volume":"7","author":"Fletcher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pilot and Feasibility Studies"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0065|cit65","unstructured":"Can vitamin D supplementation in people with Crohn's disease improve symptoms as an adjunct therapy? (D-CODE) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03718182"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0066|cit66","unstructured":"The vitamin D in pediatric Crohn's disease (ViDiPeC-2) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03999580"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0067|cit67","unstructured":"The effect of vitamin D in Crohn's disease clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04134065"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0068|cit68","unstructured":"Adjunctive treatment with vitamin D3 in patients with active IBD (ACTIVATED) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04225819"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0069|cit69","unstructured":"Cholecalciferol comedication in IBD \u2013 the 5C-study (5C) clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04991324"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0070|cit70","unstructured":"Oral nano vitamin D supplementation efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT05733117"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0071|cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.02.002","article-title":"No limitations to language, date, publication type, and publication status in search step of systematic reviews","volume":"133","author":"Aali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0072|cit72","first-page":"17","article-title":"The global, regional, and national burden of inflammatory bowel disease in 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"5","author":"GBD 2017 Inflammatory Bowel Disease Collaborators","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0073|cit73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.11.040","article-title":"Higher predicted vitamin D status is associated with reduced risk of Crohn's disease","volume":"142","author":"Ananthakrishnan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0074|cit74","first-page":"1921","article-title":"Normalization of plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D is associated with reduced risk of surgery in Crohn's disease","volume":"19","author":"Ananthakrishnan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0075|cit75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.118539","article-title":"Estimation of total usual calcium and vitamin D intakes in the United States","volume":"140","author":"Bailey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0076|cit76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2531-7","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency is associated with ulcerative colitis disease activity","volume":"58","author":"Blanck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0077|cit77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.3.1634","article-title":"Modulatory effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on human B cell differentiation","volume":"179","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0078|cit78","unstructured":"Covidence Veritas Health Innovation 2022"},{"issue":"7109","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0079|cit79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0080|cit80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.006","article-title":"AGA clinical practice guidelines on the management of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis","volume":"158","author":"Feuerstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0081|cit81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2496","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.04.022","article-title":"AGA clinical practice guidelines on the medical management of moderate to severe luminal and perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease","volume":"160","author":"Feuerstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0082|cit82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11051019","article-title":"The role of vitamin D in inflammatory bowel disease: mechanism to management","volume":"11","author":"Fletcher","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0083|cit83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2016.1233577","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence and predictors in a Norwegian outpatient population","volume":"52","author":"Frigstad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0084|cit84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2003-0281","article-title":"A crucial role for the vitamin D receptor in experimental inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"17","author":"Froicu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Molecular Endocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0085|cit85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2005.02290.x","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor is required to control gastrointestinal immunity in IL-10 knockout mice","volume":"117","author":"Froicu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0086|cit86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010233.pub3","article-title":"Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of surgically-induced remission in Crohn's disease","author":"Gjuladin-Hellon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0087|cit87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008414.pub3","article-title":"Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of surgically-induced remission in Crohn's disease","author":"Gjuladin-Hellon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0088|cit88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2020-101405","article-title":"Pancreatitis associated with azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine use in Crohn's disease: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Gordon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontline Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0089|cit89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7572","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i43.7572","article-title":"Minimum sample size estimates for trials in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review of a support resource","volume":"27","author":"Gordon","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0090|cit90","unstructured":"GRADEpro GDT McMaster University (developed by Evidence Prime) 2022"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0091|cit91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7588","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO00613D","article-title":"Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food & Function"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0092|cit92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa087","article-title":"Vitamin D therapy in adults with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Guzman-Prado","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0093|cit93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3662","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103662","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation and mental health in inflammatory bowel diseases and irritable bowel syndrome patients: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"G\u0142\u0105bska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0094|cit94","unstructured":"Higgins JP Altman DG Sterne JA Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook\/archive\/v5.1\/"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0095|cit95","unstructured":"Higgins JP Thomas J Chandler J Cumpston M Li T Page MJ Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.2 (updated February 2021). Cochrane, 2021 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook\/archive\/v6.2"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0096|cit96","unstructured":"Higgins JP Li T Deeks JJ Chapter 6: Choosing effect measures and computing estimates of effect. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.2 (updated February 2021). Cochrane, 2021 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook\/archive\/v6.2"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0097|cit97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013210.pub2","article-title":"Interventions for maintenance of surgically induced remission in Crohn's disease: a network meta-analysis","author":"Iheozor-Ejiofor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0098|cit98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640620967899","article-title":"Sample-size estimation is not reported in 24% of randomised controlled trials of inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Iheozor-Ejiofor","year":"2021","journal-title":"UEG Journal"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0099|cit99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5458","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803217","article-title":"1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and IL-2 combine to inhibit T cell production of inflammatory cytokines and promote development of regulatory T cells expressing CTLA-4 and FoxP3","volume":"183","author":"Jeffery","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0100|cit100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2016.53","article-title":"Association of vitamin D level with clinical status in inflammatory bowel disease: a 5-year longitudinal study","volume":"111","author":"Kabbani","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0101|cit101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.150","article-title":"The global burden of IBD: from 2015 to 2025","volume":"12","author":"Kaplan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature Reviews: Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0102|cit102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-318484","article-title":"British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults","volume":"68","author":"Lamb","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0103|cit103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2010.03.006","article-title":"Efficacy of a potent and safe vitamin D receptor agonist for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"131","author":"Laverny","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunology Letters"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0104|cit104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12845","article-title":"Lower regional and temporal ultraviolet exposure is associated with increased rates and severity of inflammatory bowel disease hospitalisation","volume":"40","author":"Limketkai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0105|cit105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-63-2-394","article-title":"The antiproliferative effect of calcitriol on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells","volume":"63","author":"Manolagas","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0106|cit106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11434","article-title":"Vitamin D intake is inversely associated with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Iowa Women's Health Study","volume":"50","author":"Merlino","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0107|cit107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.10.001","article-title":"Increasing incidence and prevalence of the inflammatory bowel diseases with time, based on systematic review","volume":"142","author":"Molodecky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0108|cit108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2832","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.23.2832","article-title":"Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of multiple sclerosis","volume":"296","author":"Munger","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10114","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0109|cit109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32448-0","article-title":"Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies","volume":"390","author":"Ng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0110|cit110","unstructured":"NHS Vitamin D www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/vitamins-and-minerals\/vitamin-d"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0111|cit111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e3282f4d2f3","article-title":"Vitamin D status in gastrointestinal and liver disease","volume":"24","author":"Pappa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0112|cit112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0113|cit113","unstructured":"Review Manager Web (RevMan Web) The Cochrane Collaboration 2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0114|cit114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5409\/wjcp.v8.i1.1","article-title":"Vitamin D therapy in children with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Rigterink","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0115|cit115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980011000565","article-title":"The 2011 report on dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D","volume":"14","author":"Ross","year":"2011","journal-title":"Public Health Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0116|cit116","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann HJ Higgins JP Vist GE Glasziou P Akl EA Skoetz N Chapter 14: Completing 'Summary of findings' tables and grading the certainty of the evidence. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.2 (updated February 2021). Cochrane, 2021 Available from training.cochrane.org\/handbook\/archive\/v6.2"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0117|cit117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155004","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1155004","article-title":"Association between vitamin D level and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0118|cit118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjz180","article-title":"ECCO guidelines on therapeutics in Crohn's disease: medical treatment","volume":"14","author":"Torres","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Crohn's and Colitis"},{"issue":"4656","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0119|cit119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6427926","article-title":"1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: a novel immunoregulatory hormone","volume":"224","author":"Tsoukas","year":"1984","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0120|cit120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607110381267","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: association with disease activity and quality of life","volume":"35","author":"Ulitsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0121|cit121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"izac253","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izac253","article-title":"Effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation on disease course in inflammatory bowel disease patients: systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"2022","author":"Valvano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0122|cit122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2006.tb09833.x","article-title":"Calculated ultraviolet exposure levels for a health vitamin D status","volume":"82","author":"Webb","year":"2006","journal-title":"Photochemistry and Photobiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2-BIB0123|cit123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011806","article-title":"Vitamin D for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease","author":"Limketkai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T14:03:21Z","timestamp":1747145001000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD011806.pub2"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"name":"Cochrane Gut Group","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd011806.pub2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-1858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-1858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]}}}